Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.323
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12.323.1
अव्यक्तस्थं परं यत्तत्पृष्टस्तेऽहं नराधिप ।
परं गुह्यमिमं प्रश्नं शृणुष्वावहितो नृप ॥ १२.३२३.१ ॥
You have asked me about that supreme principle which abides in the unmanifest. Listen attentively, O king, to this supreme and secret question.
12.323.2
यथार्षेणेह विधिना चरताऽवमतेन ह ।
मयाऽऽदित्यादवाप्तानि यजूंषि मिथिलाधिप ॥ १२.३२३.२ ॥
As I, practising the rite of the seers here, though held in contempt, obtained the Yajus formulas from the Sun, O lord of Mithilā.
12.323.3
महता तपसा देवस्तपिष्णुः सेवितो मया ।
प्रीतेन चाहं विभुना सूर्येणोक्तस्तदाऽनघ ॥ १२.३२३.३ ॥
With great austerity I served the shining god, and then the all-pervading Sun, pleased, addressed me, O sinless one.
12.323.4
वरं वृणीष्व विप्रर्षे यदिष्टं ते सुदुर्लभम् ।
तं ते दास्यामि प्रीतात्मा मत्प्रसादो हि दुर्लभः ॥ १२.३२३.४ ॥
O brahmin sage, choose the boon that you desire, which is most difficult to obtain; with a pleased heart I will give it to you, for my grace is indeed very hard to obtain.
12.323.5
ततः प्रणम्य शिरसा मयोक्तस्तपतांवरः ।
यजूंषि नोपयुक्तानि क्षिप्रमिच्छामि वेदितुम् ॥ १२.३२३.५ ॥
Then, bowing with my head, I said to the best of the austere ones: "The Yajus formulas have not yet been put to use; I wish quickly to know them."
12.323.6
ततो मां भगवानाह वितरिष्यामि ते द्विज ।
सरस्वतीह वाग्भूता शरीरं ते प्रवेक्ष्यति ॥ १२.३२३.६ ॥
Then the blessed lord said to me: "O twice-born, I will grant it to you; here Sarasvatī, become speech, will enter your body."
12.323.7
ततो मामाह भगवानास्यं स्वं विवृतं कुरु ।
विवृतं च ततो मेऽऽस्यं प्रविष्टा च सरस्वती ॥ १२.३२३.७ ॥
Then the blessed lord said to me: "Open your mouth." When my mouth was opened, Sarasvatī entered it.
12.323.8
ततो विदह्यमानोऽहं प्रविष्टोऽम्भस्तदाऽनघ ।
अविज्ञानादमर्षाच्च भास्करस्य महात्मनः ॥ १२.३२३.८ ॥
Then, burning, I entered the water, O sinless one, out of ignorance and resentment toward the great-souled sun.
12.323.9
ततो विदह्यमानं मामुवाच भगवान्रविः ।
मुहूर्तं सह्यतां दाहस्ततः शीतीभविष्यति ॥ १२.३२३.९ ॥
Then the blessed Ravi said to me as I burned: "Bear this burning for a moment; then it will become cool."
12.323.10
शीतीभूतं च मां दृष्ट्वा भगवानाह भास्करः ।
प्रतिभास्यति ते वेदः सखिलः सोत्तरो द्विज ॥ १२.३२३.१० ॥
Seeing me grown cool, the blessed Bhāskara said: "O twice-born, the Veda, with its supplements and appendices, will shine forth for you."
12.323.11
कृत्स्नं शतपथं चैव प्रणेष्यसि द्विजर्षभ ।
तस्यान्ते चापुनर्भावे बुद्धिस्तव भविष्यति ॥ १२.३२३.११ ॥
O best of the twice-born, you will bring forth the entire Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa; and at its end, your mind will rest in non-return.
12.323.12
प्राप्स्यसे च यदिष्टं तत्साङ्ख्ययोगेप्सितं पदम् ।
एतावदुक्त्वा भगवानस्तमेवाभ्यवर्तत ॥ १२.३२३.१२ ॥
And you will attain what you desire, the state sought by Sāṅkhya and Yoga. Having said this much, the blessed lord turned back toward the western mountain.
12.323.13
ततोऽनुव्याहृतं श्रुत्वा गते देवे विभावसौ ।
गृहमागत्य संहृष्टोऽचिन्तयं वै सरस्वतीम् ॥ १२.३२३.१३ ॥
Then, having heard the reply spoken in response, when the god, the bright-shining sun, had departed, I came home, greatly delighted, and meditated upon Sarasvatī.
12.323.14
ततः प्रवृत्ताऽतिशुभा स्वरव्यञ्जनभूषिता ।
ओंकारमादितः कृत्वा मम देवी सरस्वती ॥ १२.३२३.१४ ॥
Then my goddess Sarasvatī, adorned with vowels and consonants, having placed the syllable Oṃ at the beginning, arose most auspiciously.
12.323.15
ततोऽहमर्ध्यं विधिवत्सरस्वत्यै न्यवेदयम् ।
परं यत्नमवाप्यैव निषण्णस्तत्परायणः ॥ १२.३२३.१५ ॥
Then I duly offered the arghya to Sarasvatī, and, having made the supreme effort, I sat down, intent upon her.
12.323.16
ततः शतपथं कृत्स्नं सरहस्यं ससंग्रहम् ।
चक्रे सपरिशेषं च हर्षेण परमेण ह ॥ १२.३२३.१६ ॥
Then I composed the whole Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, with its esoteric teachings, its compilation, and its remainder, in supreme joy.
12.323.17
कृत्वा चाध्ययनं तेषां शिष्याणां शतमुत्तमम् ।
विप्रियार्थं सशिष्यस्य मातुलस्य महात्मनः ॥ १२.३२३.१७ ॥
And I taught those hundred excellent disciples, for the displeasure of my great-souled maternal uncle and his disciples.
12.323.18
ततः सशिष्येण मया सूर्येणेव गभस्तिभिः ।
व्यस्तो यज्ञो महाराज पितुस्तव महात्मनः ॥ १२.३२३.१८ ॥
Then, O great king, I with my disciples, as the sun scatters with its rays, disrupted the sacrifice of your great-souled father.
12.323.19
मिषतो देवलस्यापि ततोऽर्धं हृतवान्वसु ।
स्ववेददक्षिणायार्थे विमर्दे मातुलेन ह ॥ १२.३२३.१९ ॥
Even as Devala looked on, he carried off half the wealth, for the fee of his own Veda, in the contest, my maternal uncle did so.
12.323.20
सुमन्तुनाऽथ पैलेन तथा जैमिनिना च वै ।
पित्रा ते मुनिभिश्चैव ततोऽहमनुमानितः ॥ १२.३२३.२० ॥
By Sumantu, by Paila, and likewise by Jaimini, by your father and by the sages, then I was honored with their consent.
12.323.21
दश पञ्च च प्राप्तानि यजूंष्यर्कान्मयाऽनघ ।
तथैव रोमहर्षेण पुराणमवधारितम् ॥ १२.३२३.२१ ॥
O sinless one, from the sun I obtained the fifteen yajus formulas; likewise the Purāṇa was learned from Romaharṣaṇa.
12.323.22
बीजमेतत्पुरस्कृत्य देवीं चैव सरस्वतीम् ।
सूर्यस्य चानुभावेन प्रवृत्तोऽहं नराधिप ॥ १२.३२३.२२ ॥
O lord of men, placing this seed before me, and the goddess Sarasvatī, and by the power of the sun, I set forth.
12.323.23
कर्तुं शतपथं चेदमपूर्वं च कृतं मया ।
यथाभिलपितं मार्गं तथा तच्चोपपादितम् ॥ १२.३२३.२३ ॥
To compose this Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, and what was unprecedented I accomplished; as the path was desired, so it too was completed.
12.323.24
शिष्याणामखिलं कृत्स्नमनुज्ञातं ससंग्रहम् ।
सर्वे च शिष्याः शुचयो गताः परमहर्षिताः ॥ १२.३२३.२४ ॥
To the disciples the whole and complete, together with the collection, was permitted; and all the pure disciples departed, greatly rejoicing.
12.323.25
शाखाः पञ्चदशेमास्तु विद्या भास्करदर्शिता ।
प्रतिष्ठाप्य यथाकामं वेद्यं तदनुचितयम् ॥ १२.३२३.२५ ॥
These fifteen branches are the knowledge shown by the sun. Establish them as you wish, and reflect upon what is to be known.
12.323.26
किमत्र ब्रह्मण्यमृतं किंच वेद्यमनुत्तमम् ।
चिन्तयंस्तत्र चागत्य गन्धर्वो मामपृच्छत ॥ १२.३२३.२६ ॥
What here is the immortal relating to brahman, and what is the supreme thing to be known? Pondering this, a gandharva came there and asked me.
12.323.27
विश्वावसुस्ततो राजन्वेदान्तज्ञानकोविदः ।
चतुर्विशांस्ततोऽपृच्छत्प्रश्नान्वेदस्य पार्थिव ॥ १२.३२३.२७ ॥
Then, O king, Viśvāvasu, skilled in Vedānta knowledge, asked twenty-four questions about the Veda.
12.323.28
पञ्चविंशतिमं प्रश्नं पप्रच्छान्वीक्षिकीं तदा ।
तथैव पुरुषव्याघ्र मित्रं वरुणमेव च ॥ १२.३२३.२८ ॥
Then he asked the twenty-fifth question, about inquiry through reasoning. O tiger among men, likewise he asked about Mitra and Varuṇa.
12.323.29
ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं तथा ज्ञोऽज्ञः कस्तपा अतपास्तथा ।
सूर्यातिसूर्य इति च विद्याविद्ये तथैव च ॥ १२.३२३.२९ ॥
Knowledge and the knowable; the knower and the non-knower; who is ascetic and who is not; likewise the sun beyond the sun; and knowledge and ignorance, likewise.
12.323.30
वेद्यावेद्यं तथा राजन्नचलं चलमेव च ।
अव्ययं चाक्षरं क्षेम्यमेतत्प्रश्नमनुत्तमम् ॥ १२.३२३.३० ॥
And the knowable and the unknowable, O king; the unmoving and the moving; the imperishable and the indestructible; the auspicious. This question is the supreme one.
12.323.31
अथोक्तश्च महाराज राजा गन्धर्वसत्तमः ।
पृष्टवानानुपूर्व्येण प्रश्नमर्थवदुत्तमम् ॥ १२.३२३.३१ ॥
Then, O great king, when he had been addressed, the king, best of the Gandharvas, asked in due order the meaningful and supreme question.
12.323.32
मुहूर्तमुष्यतां तावद्यावदेनं विचिन्तये ।
बाढमित्येव कृत्वा स तूर्ष्णीं गन्धर्व आस्थितः ॥ १२.३२३.३२ ॥
"Let me stay a moment, while I consider this." Saying, "Very well," the Gandharva remained silent.
12.323.33
ततोऽनुचिन्तयमहं भूयो देवीं सरस्वतीम् ।
मनसा स च मे प्रश्नो दध्नो धृतमिवोद्धृतः ॥ १२.३२३.३३ ॥
Then I again meditated in my mind upon the goddess Sarasvatī, and that question of mine was drawn out like ghee churned from curds.
12.323.34
तत्रोपनिषदं चैव परिशेषं च पार्थिव ।
मथ्नामि मनसा तात दृष्ट्वा चान्वीक्षिकीं पराम् ॥ १२.३२३.३४ ॥
There, O king, I churn the Upanishad and what remains in my mind, my dear, having seen the supreme inquiry of reason.
12.323.35
चतुर्थी राजशार्दूल विद्यैषा सांपरायिकी ।
उदीरिता मया तुभ्यं पञ्चविंशाऽधितिष्ठता ॥ १२.३२३.३५ ॥
O tiger among kings, this is the fourth knowledge, concerning the world beyond; I have declared it to you while standing upon the twenty-fifth principle.
12.323.36
अथोक्तस्तु मया राजन्राजा विश्वावसुस्तदा ।
श्रूयतां यद्भवानस्मान्प्रश्नं संपृष्टवानिह ॥ १२.३२३.३६ ॥
Then, when I had been addressed by him, O king, King Viśvāvasu said: "Hear the question you have asked us here."
12.323.37
विश्वाविश्वेति यदिदं गन्धर्वेन्द्रानुपृच्छसि ।
विश्वाव्यक्तं परं विद्याद्भूतभव्यभयंकरम् ॥ १२.३२३.३७ ॥
You ask about the 'all' and the 'not-all'. The all-unmanifest should be known as supreme, terrifying to beings past and future.
12.323.38
त्रिगुणं गुणकर्तृत्वाद्विश्वान्यो निष्कलस्तथा ।
विश्वाविश्वेति मिथुनमेवमेवानुदृश्यते ॥ १२.३२३.३८ ॥
Being threefold, and being the agent of the qualities, it is other than the all, and likewise partless; the all and the not-all are thus seen as a pair.
12.323.39
अव्यक्तं प्रकृतिः प्राहुः पुरुषेति च निर्गुणम् ।
तथैव मित्रं पुरुषं वरुणं प्रकृतिं तथा ॥ १२.३२३.३९ ॥
They call the unmanifest prakṛti, and also puruṣa, which is without qualities; likewise Mitra is to be taken as the person and Varuṇa as nature.
12.323.40
ज्ञानं तु प्रकृतिं प्राहुर्ज्ञेयं पुरुषमेव च ।
अज्ञमव्यक्तमित्युक्तं ज्ञस्तु निष्कल उच्यते ॥ १२.३२३.४० ॥
They call knowledge prakṛti, and the knowable is indeed the puruṣa; the unknowing is said to be the unmanifest, but the knower is called partless.
12.323.41
कस्तपा अतपाः प्रोक्तः कोसौ पुरुष उच्यते ।
तपास्तु प्रकृतिं प्राहुरतपा निष्कलः स्मृतः ॥ १२.३२३.४१ ॥
Who is said to be the ascetic and who the non-ascetic? Who is called the puruṣa? They call tapas prakṛti, and the non-ascetic is remembered as partless.
12.323.42
सूर्यमव्यक्तमित्युक्तमतिसूर्यस्तु निष्कलः ।
अविद्या प्रोक्तमव्यक्तं विद्या पुरुष उच्यते ॥ १२.३२३.४२ ॥
The sun is said to be the unmanifest, but the beyond-sun is partless; ignorance is said to be the unmanifest, and knowledge is called the puruṣa.
12.323.43
तथैवावेद्यमव्यक्तं वेद्यः पुरुष उच्यते ।
चलाचलमिति प्रोक्तं त्वया तदपि मे शृणु ॥ १२.३२३.४३ ॥
Likewise the unmanifest is unknowable, and the person is said to be the knowable. Hear from me also what you spoke of as the moving and the unmoving.
12.323.44
चलां तु प्रकृतिं प्राहुः कारणं क्षेपसर्गयोः ।
अक्षेपसर्गयोः कर्ता निश्चलः पुरुषः स्मृतः ॥ १२.३२३.४४ ॥
They call the moving nature the cause of casting forth and of creation; the agent of not casting forth and not creating is remembered as the unmoving person.
12.323.45
अज्ञावुभौ ध्रुवौ चैव अक्षयौ चाप्युभावपि ॥ १२.३२३.४५ ॥
Both are unborn, fixed, and imperishable; both indeed.
12.323.46
अजौ नित्यावुभौ प्राहुरध्यात्मगतिनिश्चयाः ।
अक्षयत्वात्प्रजनने अजमत्राहुरव्ययम्।
अक्षयं पुरुषं प्राहुः क्षयो ह्यस्य न विद्यते ॥ १२.३२३.४६ ॥
Those certain of the path of the self say both are unborn and eternal. Because of imperishability, the unborn is called undecaying in generation; they call the person imperishable, for he has no decay.
12.323.47
गुणक्षयत्वात्प्रकृतिः कर्तृत्वादक्षयं बुधाः ।
एषा तेऽन्वीक्षिकी विद्या चतुर्थी सांपरायिकी ॥ १२.३२३.४७ ॥
Because the qualities decay, nature is perishable; because of agency, the wise call it imperishable. This is for you the investigative knowledge, the fourth, concerning the next world.
12.323.48
विद्योपेतं धनं कृत्वा कर्मणा नित्यकर्मणि ।
एकान्तदर्शना वेदाः सर्वे विश्वावसो स्मृताः ॥ १२.३२३.४८ ॥
Having made wealth endowed with knowledge, through action in the constant rite; all the Vedas having a single final view, O Viśvāvasu, are remembered.
12.323.49
जायन्ते च म्रियन्ते च यस्मिन्नेते यतश्च्युताः ।
वेदार्थं ये न जानीते वेद्यं गन्धर्वसत्तम ॥ १२.३२३.४९ ॥
In that from which these are born and die, and from which they have fallen away; those who do not know the meaning of the Vedas, and what is to be known, O best of Gandharvas.
12.323.50
साङ्गोपाङ्गानपि यदि पञ्च वेदानधीयते ।
वेदवेद्यं न जानीते वेदभारवहो हि सः ॥ १२.३२३.५० ॥
Even if one studies the five Vedas together with their limbs and sub-limbs, yet does not know what is to be known through the Veda, he is indeed only a bearer of the Veda's burden.
12.323.51
यो घृतार्थी खराक्षीरं मथेद्गन्धर्वसत्तम ।
विष्ठां तत्रानुपश्येत न मण्डं न च वै घृतम् ॥ १२.३२३.५१ ॥
One who, desiring ghee, churns the milk of a she-donkey, O best of Gandharvas, finds in it only dung — neither cream nor ghee.
12.323.52
तथा वेद्यमवेद्यं च वेदविद्यो न विन्दति ।
स केवलं मूढमतिर्वेदभारवहः स्मृतः ॥ १२.३२३.५२ ॥
Likewise, one learned in the Veda does not attain what is to be known and what is not; he is said to be merely a bearer of the Veda's burden, deluded in mind.
12.323.53
द्रष्टव्यौ नित्यमेवैतौ तत्परेणान्तरात्मना ।
यथाऽस्य जन्मनिधने न भवेतां पुनः पुनः ॥ १२.३२३.५३ ॥
These two should always be seen by the inner self intent upon that, so that this being's birth and death do not recur again and again.
12.323.54
अजस्रं जन्मनिधनं चिन्तयित्वा त्रयीमिमाम् ।
परित्यज्य क्षयमिह अक्षयं धर्ममास्थितः ॥ १२.३२३.५४ ॥
Having constantly contemplated birth and death, having abandoned this triple Veda and the perishable here, one should take refuge in the imperishable dharma.
12.323.55
यदाऽनुपश्यतेऽत्यन्तमहन्यहनि काश्यप ।
तदा स केवलीभूतः षड्विंशमनुपश्यति ॥ १२.३२३.५५ ॥
O Kāśyapa, when one perceives that supreme reality day after day, then he, become alone, sees the twenty-sixth.
12.323.56
अन्यश्च शाश्वतो व्यक्तस्तथाऽन्यः पञ्चविंशकः ।
तत्स्थं समनुपश्यन्ति तमेकमिति साधवः ॥ १२.३२३.५६ ॥
One is eternal, another manifest, and yet another is the twenty-fifth. Abiding in that, the wise perceive it as one.
12.323.57
तेनैतं नाभिनन्दन्ति पञ्चविंशकमच्युतम् ।
जन्ममृत्युभयाद्योगाः सांख्याश्च परमैषिणः ॥ १२.३२३.५७ ॥
Therefore, from fear of birth and death, the yogins and Sāṃkhyas who seek the highest do not delight in that imperishable twenty-fifth.
12.323.58
पञ्चविंशं यदेतत्ते प्रोक्तं ब्राह्मणसत्तम ।
तदहं न तथा वेद्मि तद्भवान्वक्तुमर्हति ॥ १२.३२३.५८ ॥
Best of brāhmaṇas, this twenty-fifth that you have declared, I do not know it thus; you alone are fit to explain it.
12.323.59
जैगीषव्यस्यासितस्य देवलस्य मया श्रुतम् ।
पराशरस्य विप्रर्षेर्वार्षगण्यस्य धीमतः ॥ १२.३२३.५९ ॥
I have heard (the teaching) of Jaigīṣavya, Asita, Devala, the brahmarṣi Parāśara, and the wise Vārṣagaṇya.
12.323.60
भिक्षोः पञ्चशिखस्यास्य कपिलस्य शुकस्य च ।
गौतमस्याष्टिंषेणस्य गर्गस्य च महात्मनः ॥ १२.३२३.६० ॥
Also (the teachings) of the mendicant Pañcaśikha, this Kapila, Śuka, Gautama, Aṣṭiṣeṇa, and the great-souled Garga.
12.323.61
नारदस्यासुरेश्चैव पुलस्त्यस्य च धीमतः ।
सनत्कुमारस्य ततः शुक्रस्य च महात्मनः ॥ १२.३२३.६१ ॥
I have heard the words of Nārada and of Asura, of the wise Pulastya, then of Sanatkumāra and of the great-souled Śukra.
12.323.62
कश्यपस्य पितुश्चैव पूर्वमेव मया श्रुतम् ।
तदनन्तरं च रुद्रस्य विश्वरूपस्य धीमतः ॥ १२.३२३.६२ ॥
I heard the words of my father Kaśyapa long ago, and afterwards those of Rudra, the wise Viśvarūpa.
12.323.63
दैवतेभ्यः पितृभ्यश्च दैतेयेभ्यस्ततस्ततः ।
प्राप्तमेतन्मया कृत्स्नं वेद्यं नित्यं वदन्त्युत ॥ १२.३२३.६३ ॥
From the gods, from the ancestors, and from the Daityas, and then from others, I have obtained all this knowledge, which they say is always worth knowing.
12.323.64
तस्मात्तद्वै भवद्बुद्ध्या श्रोतुमिच्छामि ब्राह्मण ।
भवान्प्रबर्हः शास्त्राणां प्रगल्भश्चातिबुद्धिमान् ॥ १२.३२३.६४ ॥
Therefore, O brahmin, I wish to hear that from your wisdom; you are foremost among the treatises, skilled, and very wise.
12.323.65
न तवाविदितं किंचिद्भवाञ्श्रुतिनिधिः स्मृतः ।
कथ्यसे देवलोके च पितृलोके च ब्राह्मण ॥ १२.३२३.६५ ॥
Nothing is unknown to you; you are regarded as a treasury of revelation. O brahmin, you are spoken of in the world of the gods and in the world of the ancestors.
12.323.66
ब्रह्मलोकगताश्चैव कथयन्ति महर्षयः ।
पतिश्च तपतां शश्वदादित्यस्तव भाषिता ॥ १२.३२३.६६ ॥
The great sages who have gone to the world of Brahmā also speak of you, and Āditya, lord of those who always blaze, is spoken of by you.
12.323.67
साङ्ख्यज्ञानं त्वया ब्रह्मन्नवाप्तं कृत्स्नमेव च ।
तथैव योगशास्त्रं च याज्ञवल्क्य विशेषतः ॥ १२.३२३.६७ ॥
O Brahmin, you have attained the whole knowledge of Sāṅkhya, and likewise the treatise of Yoga, especially, O Yājñavalkya.
12.323.68
निःसंदिग्धं प्रबुद्धस्त्वं बुध्यमानश्चराचरम् ।
श्रोतुमिच्छामि तज्ज्ञानं घृतं मण्डमयं यथा ॥ १२.३२३.६८ ॥
You are undoubtedly awakened, perceiving the moving and the unmoving. I wish to hear that knowledge, as ghee is made from cream.
12.323.69
कृत्स्नधारिणमेव त्वां मन्ये गन्धर्वसत्तम ।
जिज्ञासमे च मां राजंस्तन्निबोध यथाश्रुतम् ॥ १२.३२३.६९ ॥
O best of Gandharvas, I deem you the one who holds the whole. O king, I too wish to inquire; understand it as you have heard it.
12.323.70
बुध्यमानो हि प्रकृतिं बुध्यते पञ्चविंशकः ।
न तु बुध्यति गन्धर्वप्रकृतिः पञ्चविंशकम् ॥ १२.३२३.७० ॥
Indeed, the one who perceives knows Nature, and the twenty-fifth perceives. But the Gandharva nature does not perceive the twenty-fifth.
12.323.71
अनेन प्रतिबोधेन प्रधानं प्रवदन्ति तत् ।
साङ्ख्ययोगार्थतत्त्वज्ञा यथ्नाश्रुतिनिदर्शनात् ॥ १२.३२३.७१ ॥
By this awakening, the knowers of the truths of Sāṅkhya and Yoga call that the primal matter (pradhāna), as shown by the teaching of what is heard.
12.323.72
पश्यंस्तथैव चापश्यन्पश्यत्यन्यः सदाऽनघ ।
षड्विंशं पञ्चविंशं च चतुर्विशं च पश्यति ॥ १२.३२३.७२ ॥
One who sees, and one who does not see; likewise another always sees, O sinless one. He sees the twenty-sixth, the twenty-fifth, and also the twenty-fourth.
12.323.73
न तु पश्यति पश्यंस्तु यश्चैनमनुपश्यति ।
पञ्चविंशोऽभिमन्येत नान्योऽस्ति परतो मम ॥ १२.३२३.७३ ॥
He who sees the seer does not truly see. One who perceives him takes himself to be the twenty-fifth; there is no other beyond me.
12.323.74
न चतुर्विशको ग्राह्यो मनुजैर्ज्ञानदर्शिभिः ।
मत्स्यो वोदकमन्वेति प्रवर्तेत प्रवर्तनात् ॥ १२.३२३.७४ ॥
Men who see with knowledge do not take the twenty-fourth as a principle. As a fish follows the water, so one proceeds from activity to activity.
12.323.75
यथैव बुध्यते मत्स्यस्तथैषोऽप्यनुबुध्यते ।
स स्नेहात्सहवासाच्च साभिमानाच्च नित्यशः ॥ १२.३२३.७५ ॥
As the fish perceives, so this one also perceives; through affection, through living together, and through self-conceit, he always does so.
12.323.76
स निमज्जति कालस्य यदैकत्वं न बुध्यते ।
उन्मज्जति हि कालस्य समत्वेनाभिसंवृतः ॥ १२.३२३.७६ ॥
When he does not perceive oneness, he sinks into time; enveloped by the sameness of time, he rises again.
12.323.77
यदा तु मन्यतेऽन्योऽहमन्य एष इति द्वजिः ।
तदा स केवलीभूतः षड्विंशमनुपश्यति ॥ १२.३२३.७७ ॥
When the twice-born thinks, 'I am other, this one is other,' then, becoming solitary, he perceives the twenty-sixth.
12.323.78
अन्यश्च राजन्परमस्तथाऽन्यः पञ्चविंशकः ।
तत्स्थत्वादनुपश्यन्ति एक एवेति साधवः ॥ १२.३२३.७८ ॥
O king, the supreme is one thing, and the twenty-fifth is another; because they abide in that, the wise perceive that there is only one.
12.323.79
तेनैतन्नाभिनन्दन्ति पञ्चविंशकमच्युतम् ।
जन्ममृत्युभयाद्भीता योगाः साङ्ख्याश्च काश्यप।
षड्विंशमनुपश्यन्तः शुचयस्तत्परायणाः ॥ १२.३२३.७९ ॥
Therefore the yogins and the Sāṅkhyas, afraid of the fear of birth and death, do not delight in the unfallen twenty-fifth. O Kāśyapa, the pure, intent upon that, contemplate the twenty-sixth.
12.323.80
यदा स केवलीभूतः षड्विंशमनुपश्यति ।
तदा स सर्वविद्विद्वान्न पुनर्जन्म विन्दति ॥ १२.३२३.८० ॥
When he becomes alone (free of attachment) and perceives the twenty-sixth, then that wise knower of all does not obtain rebirth again.
12.323.81
एवमप्रतिबुद्धश्च बुध्यमानश्च तेऽनघ ।
बुद्धिश्चोक्ता यथातत्त्वं मया श्रुतिनिदर्शनात् ॥ १२.३२३.८१ ॥
Thus, O sinless one, you are not yet awakened, yet you are awakening; and understanding has been declared to you as it truly is, by me, through the testimony of the Veda.
12.323.82
पश्यापश्यं यो न पश्येत्क्षेम्यं तत्वं च काश्यप ।
केवलाकेवलं चान्यत्पञ्चविंशं परं च यत् ॥ १२.३२३.८२ ॥
O Kāśyapa, he who does not see the seeing and not-seeing, the secure principle, the isolated and the non-isolated, and the twenty-fifth and the supreme that is beyond it.
12.323.83
तथ्यं शुभं चैतदुक्तं त्वया विभो ।
सम्यक्क्षेम्यं दैवताद्यं यथावत्।
स्वस्त्यक्षयं भवतश्चास्तु नित्यं ।
बुद्ध्या सदा बुद्धियुक्तं नमस्ये ॥ १२.३२३.८३ ॥
O lord, you have rightly spoken this true and auspicious matter, the secure and foremost among the gods, just as it is. May your well-being be imperishable forever. I always bow to you, endowed with understanding, with my intellect.
12.323.84
एवमुक्त्वा संप्रयातो दिवं स ।
विभ्राजन्वै श्रीमता दर्शनेन।
दृष्टश्च तुष्ट्या परयाऽभिनन्द्य ।
प्रदक्षिणं मम कृत्वा महात्मा ॥ १२.३२३.८४ ॥
Having spoken thus, the great-souled one departed to heaven, shining with his glorious appearance. He was seen and greeted with supreme satisfaction, and he circumambulated me.
12.323.85
ब्रह्मादीनां खेचराणां क्षितौ च ।
ये चाधस्तात्संवसन्ते नरेन्द्र।
तत्रैव तद्दर्शनं दर्शयन्वै ।
सम्यक्क्षेम्यं ये पथं संश्रिता वै ॥ १२.३२३.८५ ॥
O lord of men, Brahmā and the others, the sky-goers, those on earth, and those who dwell below all display that very vision right there. Those who have taken refuge in the perfectly secure path indeed attain it.
12.323.86
साङ्ख्याः सर्वे साङ्ख्यधर्मे रताश्च ।
तद्वद्योगा योगधर्मे रताश्च।
ये चाप्यन्ये मोक्षकामा मनुष्या ।
स्तेषामेतद्दर्शनं ज्ञानदृष्टम् ॥ १२.३२३.८६ ॥
All the Sāṅkhyas, devoted to the Sāṅkhya doctrine, and likewise the yogins, devoted to the discipline of yoga, and the other men who desire liberation — for them this vision is seen through knowledge.
12.323.87
ज्ञानान्मोक्षो जायते राजसिंह ।
नास्त्यज्ञानादेवमाहुर्नरेन्द्र।
तस्माज्ज्ञानं तत्त्वतोऽन्तेषितव्यं ।
येनात्मानं मोक्षयेज्जन्ममृत्योः ॥ १२.३२३.८७ ॥
O lion among kings, liberation arises from knowledge; they say there is none from ignorance. Therefore, O lord of men, knowledge should be truly sought, by which one may free oneself from birth and death.
12.323.88
प्राप्य ज्ञानं ब्राह्मणात्क्षत्रियाद्वा ।
वैश्याच्छ्रद्रादपि नीचादभीक्ष्णम्।
श्रद्धातव्यं श्रद्दधानेन नित्यं ।
न श्रद्धिनं जन्ममृत्यू विशेताम् ॥ १२.३२३.८८ ॥
Having obtained knowledge from a brahmin, a kshatriya, a vaishya, a shudra, or even from a lowly person, one should always keep faith. Birth and death do not enter the one who has faith.
12.323.89
सर्वं विश्वं ब्रह्म चैतत्समस्तम् ॥ १२.३२३.८९ ॥
All this universe is indeed brahman, the whole of it.
12.323.90
ब्रह्मास्यतो ब्राह्मणाः संप्रसूता ।
बाहुभ्यां वै क्षत्रियाः संप्रसूताः।
नाभ्यां वैश्याः पादतश्चापि शूद्राः ।
सर्वे वर्णा नान्यथा वेदितव्याः ॥ १२.३२३.९० ॥
Brahmins were born from Brahmā's mouth, kshatriyas from his arms, vaishyas from his navel, and shudras too from his feet. All the social classes must be understood in just this way and not otherwise.
12.323.91
अज्ञानतः कर्मयोनिं भजन्ते ।
तांतां राजंस्ते यथा यान्त्यभावम्।
तथा वर्णा ज्ञानहीनाः पतन्ते ।
घोरादज्ञानात्प्राकृतं योनिजालम् ॥ १२.३२३.९१ ॥
Through ignorance beings enter into one womb of action after another; O king, just as they go to destruction, so the social classes devoid of knowledge fall. From terrible ignorance arises the natural web of wombs.
12.323.92
तस्माज्ज्ञानं सर्वतो मार्गितव्यं ।
सर्वत्रस्थं चैतदुक्तं मया ते।
तत्स्थो ब्रह्मा तस्थिवांश्चापरो य ।
स्तस्मै नित्यं मोक्षमाहुर्नरेन्द्र ॥ १२.३२३.९२ ॥
Therefore knowledge must be sought from every side. I have told you that it abides everywhere. He who abides in it is brahman; and for another who stands firm in it, O lord of men, liberation is declared to come always.
12.323.93
यत्ते पृष्टं तन्मया चोपदिष्टं ।
याथातथ्यं तद्विशोको भजस्व।
राजन्गच्छस्वैतदर्थस्य पारं ।
सम्यक्प्रोक्तं स्वस्ति ते त्वस्तु नित्यम् ॥ १२.३२३.९३ ॥
What you asked has been taught by me. Know it as it truly is and be free from sorrow. O king, go to the far shore of this matter. It has been well declared; may well-being always be yours.
12.323.94
स एवमनुशिष्टस्तु याज्ञवल्क्येन धीमता ।
प्रीतिमानभवद्राजा मिथिलाधिपतिस्तदा ॥ १२.३२३.९४ ॥
Thus instructed by the wise Yājñavalkya, the king, lord of Mithilā, was then delighted.
12.323.95
गते मुनिवरे तस्मिन्कृते चापि प्रदक्षिणम् ।
दैवरातिर्नरपतिरासीनस्तत्र मोक्षवित् ॥ १२.३२३.९५ ॥
When that best of sages had departed, and had also been circumambulated, King Daivarāti, knower of liberation, remained seated there.
12.323.96
गोकोटिं स्पर्शयामास हिरण्यस्य तथैव च ।
रत्नाञ्जलिमथैकैकं ब्राह्मणेभ्यो ददौ तदा ॥ १२.३२३.९६ ॥
He caused ten million cows and gold to be given in the same way, and then gave a handful of jewels to each of the brahmins.
12.323.97
वेदहराज्यं च तदा प्रतिष्ठाप्य सुतस्य वै ।
यतिधर्ममुपास्यंश्चाप्यवसन्मिथिलाधिपः ॥ १२.३२३.९७ ॥
Then, having established his son on the kingdom of the Veda-bearer, the lord of Mithilā dwelt there, practising the duty of an ascetic.
12.323.98
साङ्ख्यज्ञानमधीयानो योगशास्त्रं च कृत्स्नशः ।
धर्माधर्मं च राजेन्द्र प्राकृतं परिगर्हयन् ॥ १२.३२३.९८ ॥
Studying fully the knowledge of Sāṅkhya and the science of Yoga, O lord of kings, and reproaching the worldly distinction between dharma and adharma.
12.323.99
अनन्त इति कृत्वा स नित्यं केवलमेव च ।
धर्माधर्मौ पुण्यपापे सत्यासत्ये तथैव च ॥ १२.३२३.९९ ॥
Regarding it as infinite, he always saw only the pure; and so he saw dharma and adharma, merit and sin, truth and untruth.
12.323.100
जन्ममृत्यू च राजेन्द्र प्राकृतं तदचिन्तयत् ।
ब्रह्माव्यक्तस्य कर्मेदमिति नित्यं नराधिप ॥ १२.३२३.१०० ॥
O lord of kings, he considered birth and death natural; always thinking, O lord of men, that this is the work of the unmanifest Brahman.
12.323.101
पश्यन्ति योगाः साङ्ख्याश्च स्वशास्त्रकृतलक्षणाः ।
इष्टानिष्टविमुक्तं हि तस्थौ ब्रह्म परात्परम् ॥ १२.३२३.१०१ ॥
Yogins and Sāṅkhya philosophers see it by the marks taught in their own treatises; Brahman, free from the desired and the undesired, stands as the highest of the high.
12.323.102
नित्यं तदाहुर्विद्वांसः शुचि तस्माच्छुचिर्भव ।
दीयते यच्च लभते दत्तं यच्चानुमन्यते ॥ १२.३२३.१०२ ॥
The wise call that eternal and pure; therefore be pure. What is given, what is received, what is bestowed, and what is approved, all of it is that.
12.323.103
अव्यक्तेनेति तच्चिन्त्यमन्यथा मा विचन्तय ।
ददाति च नरश्रेष्ठ प्रतिगृह्णाति यच्च ह।
ददात्यव्यक्त इत्येतत्प्रतिगृह्णाति यच्च वै ॥ १२.३२३.१०३ ॥
It is to be thought of as 'by the unmanifest'; do not think otherwise. O best of men, it gives and it receives; 'the unmanifest gives' and 'receives' is just this.
12.323.104
आत्मा ह्येवात्मनो ह्येकः कोऽन्यस्तस्मात्परो भवेत् ।
एवं मन्यस्व सततमन्यथा मा विचिन्तय ॥ १२.३२३.१०४ ॥
The self alone is the one self of the self; what other could be higher than that? So always hold this, and do not think otherwise.
12.323.105
यस्याव्यक्तं न विदितं सगुणं निर्गुणं पुनः ।
तेन तीर्थानि यज्ञाश्च सेवितव्या विपश्चिता ॥ १२.३२३.१०५ ॥
He who does not know the unmanifest, with qualities and without qualities, should attend to pilgrimage places and sacrifices, as the wise man must.
12.323.106
न स्वाध्यायैस्तपोभिर्वा यज्ञैर्वा कुरुनन्दन ।
लभतेऽव्यक्तिकं स्थानं ज्ञात्वाऽव्यक्तं महीयते ॥ १२.३२३.१०६ ॥
O joy of the Kurus, not by study of the Veda, nor by austerities, nor by sacrifices does one attain the unmanifest state; having known the unmanifest, one is honoured.
12.323.107
तथैव महतः स्थानमाहंकारिकमेव च ।
अहंकारात्परं चापि स्थानानि समवाप्नुयात् ॥ १२.३२३.१०७ ॥
Likewise there is the place of the Great One and the place pertaining to the ego; and beyond the ego one may attain still higher states.
12.323.108
ये त्वव्यक्तात्परं नित्यं जानते शास्त्रतत्पराः ।
जन्ममृत्युविमुक्तं च विमुक्तं सदसच्च यत् ॥ १२.३२३.१०८ ॥
Those devoted to the scriptures know the eternal that lies beyond the unmanifest, that which is freed from birth and death, and freed from being and non-being.
12.323.109
एतन्मयाऽऽप्तं जनकात्पुरस्ता ।
त्तेनापि चाप्तं नृप याज्ञवल्क्यात्।
ज्ञातं विशिष्टं न तथा हि यज्ञा ।
ज्ञानेन दुर्गं तरते न यज्ञैः ॥ १२.३२३.१०९ ॥
This I formerly obtained from Janaka, and he too obtained it from Yājñavalkya, O king. It is known to be excellent; sacrifices are not so. By knowledge one crosses the difficult passage, not by sacrifices.
12.323.110
दुर्गं जन्म निधनं चापि राज ।
न्न भौतिकं ज्ञानविदो वदन्ति।
यज्ञैस्तपोभिर्नियमैर्व्रतैश्च ।
दिवं समासाद्य पतन्ति भूमौ ॥ १२.३२३.११० ॥
O king, the difficult passage of birth and death… (gap in text)…; the knowers of truth do not call it material. Having reached heaven through sacrifices, austerities, observances and vows, people fall to the earth.
12.323.111
तस्मादुपासस्व परं महच्छुचि ।
शिवं विमोक्षं विमलं पवित्रम्।
क्षेत्रं ज्ञात्वा पार्थिव ज्ञानयज्ञ ।
मुपास्य वै तत्त्वमृषिर्भविष्यसि ॥ १२.३२३.१११ ॥
Therefore worship that supreme, great, pure, auspicious, liberating, stainless and purifying reality. O king, having known the field and worshipped it with the sacrifice of knowledge, you will attain the truth and become a seer.
12.323.112
युदुपनिषदमुपाकरोत्तथाऽसौ ।
जनकनृपस्य पुरा हि याज्ञवल्क्यः।
यदुपगणितशाश्वताव्ययं त ।
च्छुभममृतत्वमशोकमर्च्छति ॥ १२.३२३.११२ ॥
That Upaniṣad which Yājñavalkya long ago expounded to King Janaka: whoever attains that which is held to be eternal and imperishable attains that auspicious, immortal and sorrowless state.