Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.339
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12.339.1
सुखदुःखविपर्यासो यदा समनुपद्यते ।
नैनं प्रज्ञा सुनीतं वा त्रायते नापि पौरुषम् ॥ १२.३३९.१ ॥
When the reversal of pleasure and pain comes upon a man, neither understanding, well-planned conduct, nor human effort protects him.
12.339.2
स्वभावाद्यत्नमातिष्ठेद्यत्नवान्नावसीदति ।
जरामरणरोगेभ्यः प्रियमात्मानमुद्धरेत् ॥ १२.३३९.२ ॥
One should make effort by nature; the diligent man does not sink. From old age, death and disease one should lift up one's dear self.
12.339.3
रुजन्ति हि शरीराणि रोगाः शारीरमानसाः ।
सायका इव तीक्ष्णाग्राः प्रयुक्ता दृढधन्विभिः ॥ १२.३३९.३ ॥
Indeed, diseases—bodily and mental—afflict the bodies, like sharp-pointed arrows shot by firm archers.
12.339.4
व्यथितस्य विधित्साभिस्त्रस्यतो जीवितैषिणः ।
अवशस्य विनाशाय शरीरमपकृष्यते ॥ १२.३३९.४ ॥
The body of the afflicted, frightened, life-desiring, helpless man is dragged away to destruction.
12.339.5
स्रवन्ति न निवर्तन्ते स्रोतांसि सरितामिव ।
आयुरादाय मर्त्यानां रात्र्यहानि पुनः पुनः ॥ १२.३३९.५ ॥
They flow on and do not turn back, like the streams of rivers; taking away the life of mortals, the nights and days, again and again.
12.339.6
व्यत्ययो ह्ययमत्यन्तं पक्षयोः शुक्लकृष्णयोः ।
जातान्मर्त्याञ्जरयति निमेषान्नावतिष्ठते ॥ १२.३३९.६ ॥
This alternation of the bright and dark fortnights is truly constant; it wears down the mortals who are born, and does not remain even for a moment.
12.339.7
सुखदुःखानि भूतानामजरो जरयत्यसौ ।
आदित्यो ह्यस्तमभ्येति पुनः पुनरुदेति च ॥ १२.३३९.७ ॥
The ageless one ages the pleasures and pains of beings; the sun indeed goes toward setting and rises again and again.
12.339.8
अदृष्टपूर्वानादाय भावानपरिशङ्कितान् ।
इष्टानिष्टान्मनुष्याणामस्तं गच्छन्ति रात्रयः ॥ १२.३३९.८ ॥
Taking up states never seen before and never suspected, the nights go toward setting, bearing men's desired and undesired things.
12.339.9
योयदिच्छेद्यथाकाममयत्नाच्च तदाप्नुयात् ।
यदि स्यान्न पराधीनं पुरुषस्य क्रियाफलम् ॥ १२.३३९.९ ॥
Whoever desires something, as he wishes, would obtain it without effort, if the fruit of a man's action were not dependent on another.
12.339.10
संयताश्च हि दक्षाश्च मतिमन्तश्च मानवाः ।
दृश्यन्ते निष्फलाः सन्तः प्रहीणाः सर्वकर्मभिः ॥ १२.३३९.१० ॥
Self-controlled, skilled and intelligent men are seen to be fruitless, deprived of all their actions.
12.339.11
अपरे बालिशाः सन्तो निर्गुणाः पुरुषाधमाः ।
अशुभैरपि संयुक्ता दृश्यन्ते सर्वकामिनः ॥ १२.३३९.११ ॥
Others, foolish, without virtue, the lowest of men, are seen to have every desire, even when joined with inauspicious things.
12.339.12
भूतानामपरः कश्चिद्धिंसायां सततोत्थितः ।
वञ्चनायां च लोकस्य स सुखेष्वेव जीर्यते ॥ १२.३३९.१२ ॥
Among beings there is another who is always intent on violence and on deceiving the world; he grows old precisely amid pleasures.
12.339.13
अचेष्टमानमासीनं श्रीः कंचिदुपतिष्ठते ।
कश्चित्कर्मानुसृत्यान्यो नाप्राप्यमधिगच्छति ॥ १२.३३९.१३ ॥
On one who sits motionless, Fortune sometimes comes of her own accord; another, by following action, attains what was not yet attained.
12.339.14
अपराधं समाचक्ष्व पुरुषस्य स्वभावतः ।
शुक्रमन्यत्र संभूतं पुनरन्यत्र गच्छति ॥ १२.३३९.१४ ॥
Explain that fault which arises from a man's nature: the seed produced in one place goes again to another.
12.339.15
तस्य योनौ प्रसक्तस्य गर्भो भवति वा न वा ।
आम्रपुष्पोपमा यस्य निर्वृत्तिरुपलभ्यते ॥ १२.३३९.१५ ॥
Whether a pregnancy results for the man engaged in the womb, or not, whose result is seen to be like a mango blossom.
12.339.16
केषांचित्पुत्रकामानामनुसन्तानमिच्छताम् ।
सिद्धौ प्रयतमानानां न चाण्डमुपजायते ॥ १२.३३९.१६ ॥
For some who desire sons and wish for the continuation of the line, and strive for success, no egg (seed of progeny) arises.
12.339.17
गर्भाच्चोद्विजमानानां क्रुद्धादाशीविषादिव ।
आयुष्माञ्जायते पुत्रः कथं प्रेतः पितेव ह ॥ १२.३३९.१७ ॥
How is a long-lived son born to those who, frightened from the very womb, tremble as before an angry serpent? He would be like a dead man, like his father.
12.339.18
देवानिष्ट्वा तपस्तप्त्वा कृपणैः पुत्रगृद्धिभिः ।
दश मासान्परिधृता जायन्ते कुलपांसनाः ॥ १२.३३९.१८ ॥
Having worshipped the gods and performed austerities, carried for ten months by wretched men greedy for sons, the defilers of the family are born.
12.339.19
अपरे धनधान्यानि भोगांश्च पितृसंचितान् ।
विपुलानभिजायन्ते लब्धास्तैरेव मङ्गलैः ॥ १२.३३९.१९ ॥
Others are born into abundant wealth, grain and enjoyments accumulated by their ancestors, obtained by those very auspicious deeds.
12.339.20
अन्योन्यं समभिप्रेत्य मैथुनस्य समागमे ।
उपद्रव इवाविष्टो योनिं गर्भः प्रपद्यते ॥ १२.३३९.२० ॥
Desiring one another, at the meeting of sexual union, the embryo enters the womb as if seized by some affliction.
12.339.21
शीर्णं परशरीराणि च्छिन्नबीजं शरीरिणम् ।
प्राणिनं प्राणंसरोधे मांसश्लेष्मविचेष्टितम् ॥ १२.३३९.२१ ॥
Other bodies decay; the seed, severed, becomes an embodied creature, which, when its breath is obstructed, stirs within flesh and phlegm.
12.339.22
निर्दग्धं परदेहेऽपि परदेहं चलाचलम् ।
विनश्यन्तं विनाशान्ते भावि नावमिवाहितम् ॥ १२.३३९.२२ ॥
Burnt up in another body, yet unsteady, it moves toward yet another body; perishing at the end of destruction, destined to be lost, like a thing set upon a boat.
12.339.23
सङ्गत्या जठरे न्यस्तं रेतोबिन्दुमचेतनम् ।
केन यत्नेन जीवन्तं गर्भं त्वमिह पश्यसि ॥ १२.३३९.२३ ॥
The unconscious drop of seed placed in the belly through union—by what effort do you here see the embryo living?
12.339.24
अन्नपानानि जीर्यन्ते यत्र भक्षाश्च भक्षिताः ।
तस्मिन्नेवोदरे गर्भः किं नान्नमिव जीर्यते ॥ १२.३३९.२४ ॥
In the very belly where food, drink and eaten things are digested, why is the embryo not digested like food?
12.339.25
गर्भे मूत्रपुरीषाणां स्वभावनियता गतिः ।
धारणे वा विसर्गे वा न कर्ता विद्यतेऽवशः ॥ १२.३३९.२५ ॥
In the womb, the movement of urine and faeces is fixed by their own nature; there is no powerless agent who holds them back or lets them go.
12.339.26
स्रवन्ति ह्युदराद्गर्भा जायमानास्तथा परे ।
आगमेन तथाऽन्येषां विनाश उपपद्यते ॥ १२.३३९.२६ ॥
Some embryos slip away from the belly itself, and others are destroyed as they are being born; likewise the destruction of still others comes about through their very arrival.
12.339.27
एतस्माद्योनिसंबन्धाद्यो जीवः परिमुच्यते ।
प्रजां च लभते कांचित्पुनर्द्वन्द्वेषु सज्जति ॥ १२.३३९.२७ ॥
The living being that is released from this bond with the womb obtains some offspring, and then again clings to the pairs of opposites.
12.339.28
स तस्य सहजातस्य सप्तमीं नवमीं दशाम् ।
प्राप्नुवन्ति ततः पञ्च न भवन्ति शतायुषः ॥ १२.३३९.२८ ॥
They reach the seventh and ninth stages of that newborn; after that, five of them do not become hundred-year-lived.
12.339.29
नाभ्युत्थाने मनुष्याणां योगाः स्युर्नात्र संशयः ।
व्याधिभिश्च विमथ्यन्ते व्याधैः क्षुद्रमृगा इव ॥ १२.३३९.२९ ॥
In the rising up of human beings there may indeed be occurrences—of this there is no doubt; and by diseases they are harassed, as small deer are harassed by a hunter.
12.339.30
व्याधिभिर्भक्ष्यमाणानां त्यजतां विपुलं धनम् ।
वेदनां नापकर्षन्ति यतमानाश्चिकित्सकाः ॥ १२.३३९.३० ॥
The pain of those being devoured by diseases and giving up great wealth is not relieved even by physicians striving to do so.
12.339.31
ते चापि निपुणा वैद्याः कुशलाः संभृतौषधाः ।
व्याधिभिः परिकृष्यन्ते मृगा व्याधैरिवार्दिताः ॥ १२.३३९.३१ ॥
Even those skilled, clever physicians, who have gathered their medicines, are dragged along by diseases, like deer tormented by hunters.
12.339.32
ते पिबन्तः कषायांश्च सर्पीषि विविधानि च ।
दृश्यन्ते जरया भग्ना नगा नागैरिवोत्तमैः ॥ १२.३३९.३२ ॥
Though drinking various decoctions and clarified butters, they are seen broken by old age, like trees broken by excellent elephants.
12.339.33
के वा भुवि चिकित्सन्ते रोगार्तान्मृगपक्षिणः ।
श्वापदानि दरिद्रांश्च प्रायो नार्ता भवन्ति ते ॥ १२.३३९.३३ ॥
Who on earth treats the deer and birds afflicted by disease, the beasts of prey, and the poor? Mostly they are not free from suffering.
12.339.34
पौरानपि दुराधर्षान्नृपतीनुग्रतेजसः ।
आक्रम्य खादन्ते रोगाः पशून्पशुपचा इव ॥ १२.३३९.३४ ॥
Diseases, attacking, devour even citizens and kings of fierce splendor who are hard to assail, as herdsmen devour cattle.
12.339.35
इति लोकमनाक्रन्दं मोहशोकपरिप्लुतम् ।
स्रोतसा सहसा क्षिप्तं ह्रियमाणं बलीयसा ॥ १२.३३९.३५ ॥
Thus the world, submerged in delusion and grief, unable even to lament, is suddenly hurled into the current and swept away by the mightier force.
12.339.36
न धनेन न राज्येन नोग्रेण तपसा तथा ।
स्वभावमतिवर्तन्ते ये नियुक्ताः शरीरिणः ॥ १२.३३९.३६ ॥
Neither by wealth, nor by kingdom, nor by fierce austerity, do embodied beings appointed to this order transcend their nature.
12.339.37
न म्रियेरन्न जीर्येरन्सर्वे स्युः सर्वकामिनः ।
नाप्रियं प्रतिपश्येयुरुत्थानस्य फले सति ॥ १२.३३९.३७ ॥
If there were a fruit of exertion, none would die or grow old; all would have every desire fulfilled and would see nothing unpleasant.
12.339.38
उपर्युपरि लोकस्य सर्वो भवितुमीहते ।
यतते च यथाशक्ति न च तद्वर्तते तथा ॥ १२.३३९.३८ ॥
In the world everyone strives to rise higher and higher, and exerts himself according to his power, yet it does not turn out that way.
12.339.39
ऐश्वर्यमदमत्तांश्च मत्तान्मद्यमदेन च ।
अप्रमत्ताश्च शूराश्च विक्रान्ताः पर्युपासते ॥ १२.३३९.३९ ॥
People attend upon those intoxicated with the pride of power and those drunk with liquor, as well as upon the vigilant, the heroic and the valiant.
12.339.40
क्लेशाः प्रतिनिवर्तन्ते केषांचिदसमीक्षिताः ।
स्वंस्वं न पुनरन्येषां न किंचिदधिगम्यते ॥ १२.३३९.४० ॥
For some, afflictions turn back unforeseen, while for others nothing of their own is ever again attained.
12.339.41
महच्च फलवैपम्यं दृश्यते कर्मसिद्धिषु ।
वहन्ति शिविकामन्ये यान्त्यन्ये शिविकागताः ॥ १२.३३९.४१ ॥
In the accomplishment of deeds a great inequality of results is seen: some carry the palanquin, while others go about seated in palanquins.
12.339.42
सर्वेषामृद्धिकामानामन्ये रथपुरःसराः ।
मनुजाश्च गतस्त्रीकाः शतशो विविधाः स्त्रियः ॥ १२.३३९.४२ ॥
Of all who desire prosperity, some go before chariots, some men remain without wives, and some have hundreds of various women.
12.339.43
द्वन्द्वारामेषु भूतेषु गच्छन्त्येकैकशो नराः ।
इदमन्यत्परं पश्य माऽत्र मोहं करिष्यसि ॥ १२.३३९.४३ ॥
Among beings who delight in the pairs of opposites, men go one by one. Look at this other supreme truth; do not be deluded here.
12.339.44
त्यज धर्ममधर्मं च उभे सत्यानृते त्यज ।
उभे सत्यानृते त्यक्त्वा येन त्यजसि तं त्यज ॥ १२.३३९.४४ ॥
Abandon dharma and adharma; abandon both truth and untruth. Having abandoned both truth and untruth, abandon that by which you abandon.
12.339.45
एतत्ते परमं गुह्यमाख्यातमृषिसत्तम ।
येन देवाः परित्यज्य मर्त्यलोकं दिवं गताः ॥ १२.३३९.४५ ॥
This supreme secret has been declared to you, best of sages, by which the gods, having left the mortal world, went to heaven.
12.339.46
नारदस्य वचः श्रुत्वा शुकः परमबुद्धिमान् ।
संचिन्त्य मनसा धीरो निश्चयं नाध्यगच्छत ॥ १२.३३९.४६ ॥
Having heard Nārada's words, Śuka, supremely wise and steadfast, reflected deeply in his mind, yet did not reach a firm conclusion.
12.339.47
पुत्रदारैर्महान्क्लेशो विद्याम्नाये महाञ्छ्रमः ।
किंनु स्याच्छाश्वतं स्थानमल्पक्लेशं महोदयम् ॥ १२.३३९.४७ ॥
Great affliction comes from sons and wives, and great toil from learning and the recitation of the Vedas. What then could be the eternal place, with little affliction and great prosperity?
12.339.48
ततो मुहूर्तं संचिन्त्य निश्चितां गतिमात्मनः ।
परावरज्ञो धर्मस्य परां नैःश्रेयसीं गतिम् ॥ १२.३३९.४८ ॥
Then, after reflecting for a moment, he who knew the higher and the lower determined the course of his own self: the supreme path of liberation in dharma.
12.339.49
कथं त्वहमसंश्लिष्टो गच्छेयं गतिमुत्तमाम् ।
नावर्तेयं यथा भूयो योनिसंसारसागरे ॥ १२.३३९.४९ ॥
How, unattached, might I attain that supreme path, so that I do not return again to the ocean of saṃsāra and wombs?
12.339.50
परं भावं हि काङ्क्षामि यत्र नावर्तते पुनः ।
सर्वसङ्गान्परित्यज्य निश्चितो मनसा गतिम् ॥ १२.३३९.५० ॥
I desire that supreme state from which one does not turn back again; having abandoned all attachments, resolved in mind, that path.
12.339.51
तत्र यास्यामि यत्रात्मा शर्म मेऽधिगमिष्यति ।
अक्षयश्चाव्ययश्चैव यत्र स्थास्यामि शाश्वतः ॥ १२.३३९.५१ ॥
There I shall go, where my self will find peace; where I shall abide imperishable, undecaying, and eternal.
12.339.52
न तु योगमृते शक्त्या प्राप्नुयां परमां गतिम् ।
अनुबन्धो विमुक्तस्य कर्मभिर्नोपपद्यते ॥ १२.३३९.५२ ॥
Without yoga I could not, by my own power, attain that supreme path; and for one who is liberated, bondage through actions does not arise.
12.339.53
यस्माद्योगं समास्थाय त्यक्त्वा गृहकलेवरम् ।
वायुभूतः प्रवेक्ष्यामि तेजोराशिं दिवाकरम् ॥ १२.३३९.५३ ॥
Therefore, taking up yoga and abandoning this house-body, becoming wind, I shall enter the sun, the mass of radiance.
12.339.54
न ह्येप क्षयतां याति सोमः सुरगणैर्यथा ।
कम्पितः पतते भूमिं पुनश्चैवाधिरोहति ॥ १२.३३९.५४ ॥
Just as the moon, shaken by the hosts of gods, falls to the earth and again ascends, so this one (Soma) does not come to decay.
12.339.55
क्षीयते हि सदा सोमः पुनश्चैवाभिपूर्यते ।
नेच्छाम्येवं विदित्वैते ह्रासवृद्धी पुनः पुनः ॥ १२.३३९.५५ ॥
The moon always wanes and then is filled again. Knowing these decrease and increase again and again, I do not wish it so.
12.339.56
रविस्तु संतापयते लोकान्रश्मिभिरुल्बणैः ।
सर्वतस्तेज आदत्ते नित्यमक्षयमण्डलः ॥ १२.३३९.५६ ॥
The sun scorches the worlds with his fierce rays; his orb is imperishable, and on every side he constantly draws in radiance.
12.339.57
अतो मे रोचते गन्तुमादित्यं दीप्ततेजसम् ।
अत्र वत्स्यामि दुर्धर्षो निःसङ्गेनान्तरात्मना ॥ १२.३३९.५७ ॥
Therefore I am pleased to go to the sun, of blazing radiance. Here I shall dwell, unassailable, with an inner self free from attachment.
12.339.58
सूर्यस्यर सदने चाहं निक्षिप्येदं कलेवरम् ।
ऋषिभिः सह वत्स्यामि सौरं तेजोऽतिदुःसहं ॥ १२.३३९.५८ ॥
Laying down this body in the abode of the sun, I shall dwell together with the sages in the solar radiance, which is most unbearable.
12.339.59
आपृच्छामि नगान्नागान्गिरीनुर्वी दिशो दश ।
देवदानवगन्धर्वान्पिशाचोरगराक्षसान् ॥ १२.३३९.५९ ॥
I take leave of the mountains, the serpents, the hills, the earth and the ten directions; of the gods, the dānavas, the gandharvas, the piśācas, the uragas and the rākṣasas.
12.339.60
लोकेषु सर्वभूतानि प्रवेक्ष्यामि न संशयः ।
पश्यन्तु योगवीर्यं मे सर्वे देवाः सहर्षिभिः ॥ १२.३३९.६० ॥
I shall enter all beings in the worlds, without doubt. Let all the gods, together with the sages, behold the power of my yoga.
12.339.61
अथानुज्ञाप्य तमृषिं नारदं लोकविश्रुतम् ।
तस्मादनुज्ञां संप्राप्य जगाम पितरं प्रति ॥ १२.३३९.६१ ॥
Then, having taken leave of the sage Nārada, renowned in the worlds, and obtained his permission, he set out toward his father.
12.339.62
सोऽभिवाद्य महात्मानं कृष्णद्वैपायनं मुनिम् ।
शुकः प्रदक्षिणं कृत्वा कृष्णमापृष्टवान्मुनिम् ॥ १२.३३९.६२ ॥
Having bowed to that great-souled sage Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana, Śuka circumambulated him, keeping him on his right, and asked leave of the sage Kṛṣṇa.
12.339.63
श्रुत्वा चर्षिस्तद्वचनं शुकस्य ।
प्रीतो महात्मा पुनराह चैनम्।
भोभो पुत्र स्थीयतां तावदद्य ।
यावच्चक्षुः प्रीणयामि त्वदर्थे ॥ १२.३३९.६३ ॥
Hearing Śuka's words, the great-souled sage, pleased, spoke again to him: "O son, stay here for now, until my eyes are gladdened for your sake."
12.339.64
निरपेक्षः शुको भूत्वा निःस्नेहो मुक्तसंशयः ।
मोक्षमेवानुसंचिन्त्य गमनाय मनो दधे ॥ १२.३३९.६४ ॥
Free from expectation and affection, freed from doubt, Śuka thought only of liberation and resolved to depart.
12.339.65
पितरं स परित्यज्य जगाम मुनिसत्तमः ।
कैलासपृष्ठं विपुलं सिद्धसङ्घनिषेवितम् ॥ १२.३३९.६५ ॥
Leaving his father, that best of sages went to the vast ridge of Kailāsa, frequented by hosts of perfected beings.