Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.54
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12.54.1
अथाव्रवीन्महातेजा वाक्यं कौरवनन्दनः ।
हन्त धर्मान्प्रवक्ष्यामि दृढे वाङ्भनसी मम ॥ १२.५४.१ ॥
Then the mighty-radiant delight of the Kurus spoke these words: Well then, I shall declare the dharmas; my speech and mind are steady.
12.54.2
तव प्रसादाद्गोविन्द भूतात्मा ह्यसि शाश्वतः ।
युधिष्ठिरस्तु धर्मात्मा मां धर्माननुपृच्छतु।
एवं प्रीतो भविष्यामि धर्मान्वक्ष्यामि चाखिलान् ॥ १२.५४.२ ॥
By your grace, O Govinda, you are the eternal soul of beings. Let the righteous Yudhiṣṭhira ask me about the dharmas; thus pleased, I shall expound all the dharmas.
12.54.3
यस्मिन्राजर्षभे जाते धर्मात्मनि महात्मनि ।
अहृष्यन्नृषयः सर्वे स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डवः ॥ १२.५४.३ ॥
At whose birth, that bull among kings, all the sages, righteous and great of soul, rejoiced — let that Pāṇḍava ask me.
12.54.4
सर्वेषां दीप्तयशसां कुरूणां धर्मचारिणाम् ।
यस्य नास्ति समः कश्चित्स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डवः ॥ १२.५४.४ ॥
Among all the Kurus of blazing fame who walk the path of dharma, there is no equal to him — let that Pāṇḍava ask me.
12.54.5
धृतिर्दमो ब्रह्मचर्यं क्षमा धर्मश्च नित्यदा ।
यस्मिन्नोजश्च तेजश्च स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डवः ॥ १२.५४.५ ॥
In whom steadfastness, self-restraint, chastity, forbearance and righteousness ever abide, and vigor and splendor too — let that Pāṇḍava ask me.
12.54.6
संबन्धिनोऽतिथीन्भृत्यान्संश्रितांश्चैव यो भृशम् ।
संमानयति सत्कृत्य स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डवः ॥ १२.५४.६ ॥
He who greatly honors his kinsmen, guests, servants and dependents with due respect — let that Pāṇḍava ask me.
12.54.7
सत्यं दानं तपः शौर्यं शान्तिर्दाक्ष्यमसंभ्रमः ।
यस्मिन्नेतानि सर्वाणि स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डवः ॥ १२.५४.७ ॥
He in whom truth, giving, austerity, valour, peace, skill and composure are all present — let that Pāṇḍava ask me.
12.54.8
यो न कामान्न संरम्भान्न भयान्नार्थकारणात् ।
कुर्यादधर्मं धर्मात्मा स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डवः ॥ १२.५४.८ ॥
He, the righteous-souled, who does no unrighteousness out of desire, anger, fear, or for the sake of wealth — let that Pāṇḍava ask me.
12.54.9
सत्यनित्यः क्षमानित्यो ज्ञाननित्योऽतिथिप्रियः ।
यो ददाति सतां नित्यं स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डवः ॥ १२.५४.९ ॥
He who is ever steadfast in truth, forbearance and knowledge, dear to guests, and who always gives to the good — let that Pāṇḍava ask me.
12.54.10
इज्याध्ययननित्यश्च धर्मे च निरतः सदा ।
क्षान्तः श्रुतरहस्यश्च स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डवः ॥ १२.५४.१० ॥
He who is ever devoted to sacrifice and study, always intent on dharma, forbearing, and who has heard the secret teachings — let that Pāṇḍava ask me.
12.54.11
लज्जया परयोपेतो धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ।
अभिशापभयाद्भीतो भवन्तं नोपसर्पति ॥ १२.५४.११ ॥
Dharmarāja Yudhiṣṭhira, endowed with great shame, afraid of the fear of a curse, does not approach you.
12.54.12
लोकस्य कदनं कृत्वा लोकनाथो विशांपते ।
अभिशापभयाद्भीतो भवन्तं नोपसर्पति ॥ १२.५४.१२ ॥
O lord of men, having wrought destruction upon the world, the lord of the world, afraid of the fear of a curse, does not approach you.
12.54.13
पूज्यान्मान्यांश्च भक्तांश्च गुरून्संबन्धिबान्धवान् ।
अर्घार्हानिषुभिर्भित्त्वा भवन्तं नोपसर्पति ॥ १२.५४.१३ ॥
Having pierced with arrows the honoured, the respected, the devoted, the teachers, the kinsmen and relatives, those worthy of the arghya, he does not approach you.
12.54.14
ब्राह्मणानां यथा धर्मो दानमध्ययनं तपः ।
क्षत्रियाणां तथा कृष्ण समरे देहपातनम् ॥ १२.५४.१४ ॥
As the duty of brahmins is giving, study and austerity, so, O Kṛṣṇa, the duty of kṣatriyas is the giving up of the body in battle.
12.54.15
पितॄन्पितामहान्भ्रातॄन्गुरून्संबन्धिबान्धवान् ।
मिथ्याप्रवृत्तान्यः सख्ये निहन्याद्धर्म एव सः ॥ १२.५४.१५ ॥
He who slays fathers, grandfathers, brothers, teachers, kinsmen and relatives who have acted falsely in friendship, he indeed is following dharma.
12.54.16
समयत्यागिनो लुब्धान्गुरूनपि च केशव ।
निहन्ति समरे पापान्क्षत्रियो यः स धर्मवित् ॥ १२.५४.१६ ॥
O Keśava, the kṣatriya who slays in battle even greedy, sinful teachers who have abandoned their pledges, he is the knower of dharma.
12.54.17
यो लोभान्न समीक्षेत धर्मसेतुं सनातनम् ।
निहन्ति यस्तं समरे क्षत्रियो वै स धर्मवित् ॥ १२.५४.१७ ॥
He who, out of greed, does not regard the eternal bridge of dharma, and the kṣatriya who slays him in battle, he indeed is the knower of dharma.
12.54.18
लोहितोदां केशतृणां गजशैलां ध्वजद्रुमाम् ।
महीं करोति युद्धेषु क्षत्रियो यः स धर्मवित् ॥ १२.५४.१८ ॥
The kṣatriya who in battles makes the earth one with rivers of blood, hair for grass, elephants for mountains and banners for trees, he is the knower of dharma.
12.54.19
आहूतेन रणे नित्यं योद्धव्यं क्षत्रबन्धुना ।
धर्म्यं स्वर्ग्यं च लोक्यं च युद्धं हि मनुरब्रवीत् ॥ १२.५४.१९ ॥
When summoned to battle, a kṣatriya kinsman must always fight, for Manu declared that war is lawful, leads to heaven, and leads to the worlds.
12.54.20
एवमुक्तस्तु भीष्मेण धर्मपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः ।
विनीतवदुपागम्य तस्थै संदर्शनेऽग्रतः ॥ १२.५४.२० ॥
When Bhīṣma had spoken thus, Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Dharma, humbly approached and stood before him, within his sight.
12.54.21
अथास्य पादौ जग्राह भीष्मश्चापि ननन्द तम् ।
मूर्ध्निं चैनमुपाघ्राय निषीदेत्यब्रवीत्तदा ॥ १२.५४.२१ ॥
Then Bhīṣma seized his feet, was pleased, and, having smelled his head, said, "Sit down."
12.54.22
तमुवाचाथ गाङ्गेयो वृषभः सर्वधन्विनाम् ।
मां पृच्छ तात विस्रब्धं मा भैस्त्वं कुरुसत्तम ॥ १२.५४.२२ ॥
Then Gāṅgeya, the bull among all archers, said to him: "Dear son, ask me without fear. Do not be afraid, best of the Kurus."