Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.63
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12.63.1
चातुराश्रम्यधर्माश्च यतिधर्माश्च पाण्डव ।
लोकवेदोत्तराश्चैव क्षात्रधर्मे समाहिताः ॥ १२.६३.१ ॥
O son of Pāṇḍu, the duties of the four life-stages and the duties of the renunciant, and those that go beyond worldly and Vedic norms, are all contained in the duty of the warrior.
12.63.2
सर्वाण्येतानि कर्माणि क्षात्रे भरतसत्तम ।
निराशिषो जीवलोकाः क्षत्रधर्मे व्यवस्थिते ॥ १२.६३.२ ॥
O best of the Bharatas, all these actions belong to the warrior. When the warrior's duty is established, the living world becomes free of desire for their fruits.
12.63.3
अप्रत्यक्षं बहुफलं धर्ममाश्रमवासिनाम् ।
प्ररूपयन्ति तद्भावमागमैरेव शाश्वतम् ॥ १२.६३.३ ॥
The duty of those who dwell in hermitages is not directly seen, yet its fruit is great; they describe its eternal nature solely through the scriptures.
12.63.4
अपरे वचनैः पुण्यैर्वादिनो लोकनिश्चये ।
अनिश्चयज्ञा धर्माणामदृष्टान्ते परे रताः ॥ १२.६३.४ ॥
Some speakers, using sacred words, debate the certainty of the world; some know the uncertainty of the duties; others delight in what lies beyond the unseen.
12.63.5
प्रत्यक्षं फलभूयिष्ठमात्मसाक्षिकमच्छलम् ।
सर्वलोकहितं धर्मं क्षत्रियेषु प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥ १२.६३.५ ॥
The duty that is visible, bears abundant fruit, is witnessed by the self, is guileless, and benefits all worlds is established among the warriors.
12.63.6
धर्माश्रमेऽध्यवसिनां ब्राह्मणानां युधिष्ठिर ।
यथा त्रयाणां वर्णानां संख्यातोपश्रुतिः पुरा।
राजधर्मेष्वनुमता लोकाः सुचरितैः सह ॥ १२.६३.६ ॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, for brahmins who are resolute in the duty of the hermitage, just as in ancient times a settled hearing was taught for the three classes, the worlds approved in the duties of kings are joined with good conduct.
12.63.7
उदाहृतं ते राजेन्द्र यथा विष्णुं महौजसम् ।
सर्वभूतेश्वरं देवं ब्राह्मं नारायणं पुरा।
जग्मुः सुबहुशः शूरा राजानो दण्डनीतये ॥ १२.६३.७ ॥
Lord of kings, as I have told you of the mighty Viṣṇu, lord of all beings, the god of Brahmā's nature, Nārāyaṇa, in former times many heroic kings went to him for the science of punishment.
12.63.8
एकैकमात्मनः कर्म तुलयित्वाश्रमं पुरा ।
जानः पर्युपासन्त दृष्टान्तवचने स्थिताः ॥ १२.६३.८ ॥
In former times, weighing each one's own duty and stage of life, people abiding in the words of examples attended upon him.
12.63.9
साध्या देवा वसवश्चाश्विनौ च ।
रुद्राश्च विश्वे मरुतां गणाश्च।
सृष्टाः पुरा ह्यादिदेवेन देवाः ।
क्षात्रे धर्मे वर्तयन्ते च सिद्धाः ॥ १२.६३.९ ॥
The Sādhyas, the gods, the Vasus, the Aśvins, the Rudras, the Viśvedevas and the troops of the Maruts, the gods created in former times by the primal god, and the Siddhas, abide in the duty of the warrior.
12.63.10
अत्र ते वर्तयिष्यामि धर्ममर्थविनिश्चये ।
निर्मर्यादे वर्तमाने दानवैकार्णवे पुरा ॥ १२.६३.१० ॥
Here I shall set forth dharma in the determination of what is right, when in former times the bounds were lost in the sea of the Dānavas.
12.63.11
बभूव राजा राजेन्द्र मान्धाता नाम वीर्यवान् ।
पुरा वसुमतीपालो यज्ञं चक्रे दिदृक्षया ॥ १२.६३.११ ॥
There was a mighty king named Māndhātṛ, lord of kings, protector of the earth in former times; he performed a sacrifice with the desire to see.
12.63.12
अनादिमध्यनिधनं देवं नारायणं प्रभुम् ।
स राजा राजशार्दूल मान्धाता परमेश्वरम् ॥ १२.६३.१२ ॥
The god Nārāyaṇa, without beginning, middle or end, the lord — he, the king Māndhātṛ, tiger among kings, revered the supreme lord.
12.63.13
जगाम शिरसा पादौ यज्ञे विष्णोर्महात्मनः ।
दर्शयामास तं विष्णू रूपमास्थाय वासवम् ॥ १२.६३.१३ ॥
He went to bow his head at the feet of the great-souled Viṣṇu at the sacrifice. Viṣṇu, having assumed a form, showed himself to Vāsava.
12.63.14
स पार्थिवैर्वृतः सद्भिरर्चयामास तं प्रभुम् ।
तस्य पार्थिवसङ्घस्य तस्य चैव महात्मनः।
संवादोऽयं महानासीद्विष्णुं प्रति महाद्युतिम् ॥ १२.६३.१४ ॥
Surrounded by kings and good men, he worshipped that lord. And between that host of kings and that great-souled one there arose this great dialogue concerning Viṣṇu of great splendour.
12.63.15
किमिष्यसे धर्मभूतां वरिष्ठ ।
यं द्रष्टुकामोऽसि तमप्रमेयम्।
अनन्तमायामितमन्त्रवीर्यं ।
नारायणं ह्यादिदेवं पुराणम् ॥ १२.६३.१५ ॥
O best of those who uphold dharma, what do you wish? Him whom you desire to see — the immeasurable, of endless illusory power and boundless mantra-might, Nārāyaṇa, the primal ancient god.
12.63.16
नासौ देवो विश्वरूपो मयाऽपि ।
शक्यो द्रष्टुं ब्रह्मणा वाऽपि साक्षात्
येऽन्ये कामास्तव राजन्हृदिस्था ।
दास्ये चैतांस्त्वं हि मर्त्येषु राजा ॥ १२.६३.१६ ॥
That god of universal form cannot be seen directly, even by me or by Brahmā. O king, the other desires residing in your heart I shall grant you, for you are a king among mortals.
12.63.17
सत्ये स्थितो धर्मपरो जितेन्द्रियः ।
शूरो दृढप्रीतिरतः सुराणाम्।
बुद्ध्या भक्त्या चोत्तमः श्रद्धया च ।
ततस्तेऽहं दझि वरान्यथेष्टम् ॥ १२.६३.१७ ॥
You are established in truth, devoted to dharma, self-controlled, valiant, delighting in steadfast love of the gods, and supreme in intellect, devotion and faith. Therefore I shall grant you boons as you desire.
12.63.18
असंशयं भगवन्नादिदेवं ।
वक्ष्यामि त्वाऽहं शिरसा संप्रसाद्य।
त्यक्त्वा कामान्धर्मकामो ह्यरण्य ।
मिच्छे गन्तुं सत्पथं साधुजुष्टम् ॥ १२.६३.१८ ॥
Without doubt, O blessed primeval god, I shall speak to you. Bowing my head and pleasing you, having abandoned desires, desiring dharma, I wish to go to the forest on the good path followed by the virtuous.
12.63.19
क्षात्राद्धर्माद्विपुलादप्रमेया ।
श्लोकाः प्राप्ताः स्थापितं स्वं यशश्च।
धर्मो योऽसावादिदेवात्प्रवृत्तो ।
लोकश्रेष्ठं तं न जानामि कर्तुम् ॥ १२.६३.१९ ॥
Through the warrior duty, vast and immeasurable, immeasurable verses of praise were won and my own fame was established; but that dharma which proceeded from the primeval god and is best in the world, I do not know how to practise.
12.63.20
असैनिका धर्मपराश्च धर्मे ।
परां गतिं न नयन्ते ह्ययुक्तम्।
क्षात्रो धर्मो ह्यादिदेवात्प्रवृत्तः ।
पश्चादन्ये शेषभूताश्च धर्माः ॥ १२.६३.२० ॥
Those without an army, though intent on dharma, do not attain the supreme goal through dharma, for it is unfit for them. The warrior duty indeed proceeded from the primeval god; afterwards came the other dharmas, belonging to the remaining beings.
12.63.21
शेषाः सृष्टा ह्यन्तवन्तो ह्यनन्ताः ।
सप्रस्थानाः क्षात्रधर्मा विशिष्टाः।
अस्मिन्धर्मे सर्वधर्माः प्रविष्टाः ।
क्षात्रं धर्मं श्रेष्ठतमं वदन्ति ॥ १२.६३.२१ ॥
The remaining dharmas, created, finite and also infinite, with their courses, the warrior duties are distinguished; all dharmas have entered into this dharma. They declare the warrior duty to be the most excellent.
12.63.22
कर्मणा वै पुरा देवा ऋषयश्चामितौजसः ।
त्राताः सर्वे प्रसह्यारीन्क्षत्रधर्मेण विष्णुना ॥ १२.६३.२२ ॥
In former times, the gods and the seers of boundless splendour were all protected by Viṣṇu, through the warrior's duty, by their own action, forcibly overcoming their enemies.
12.63.23
यदि ह्यसौ भगवन्नाहनिष्य ।
द्रिपू सर्वानसुरानप्रमेयः।
न च ब्रह्मा नैव लोकादिकर्ता ।
सन्तो धर्माश्चादिधर्माश्च न स्युः ॥ १२.६३.२३ ॥
O blessed one, if that immeasurable one had not slain all the enemies and asuras, there would be no Brahmā, no creator of the worlds at the beginning, and the laws of the good and the primal laws would not exist.
12.63.24
इमामुर्वी नाजयद्विक्रमेण ।
देवश्रेष्ठः सासुरामादिदेवः।
चातुर्वर्ण्यं चातुराश्रम्यधर्माः ।
सर्वे न स्युर्ब्राह्मणानां विनाशात् ॥ १२.६३.२४ ॥
If the foremost of gods, the primal god, had not conquered this earth with its asuras by valour, then through the destruction of the brahmins all the fourfold order of castes and the duties of the four life-stages would not exist.
12.63.25
नष्टा धर्माः शतधा शाश्वतास्ते ।
क्षात्रेण धर्मेण पुनः प्रवृद्धाः।
युगेयुगे ह्यादिधर्माः प्रवृत्ता ।
लोकज्येष्ठं क्षात्रधर्मं वदन्ति ॥ १२.६३.२५ ॥
Those eternal laws were destroyed a hundredfold, yet through the warrior's duty they flourished again. Age after age the primal laws come into play, and so the warrior's duty is declared the eldest of the worlds.
12.63.26
आत्मत्यागः सर्वभूतानुकम्पा ।
लोकज्ञानं पालनं मोक्षणं च।
विषण्णानां मोक्षणं पीडितानां ।
क्षात्रे धर्मे विद्यते पार्थिवानाम् ॥ १२.६३.२६ ॥
Self-sacrifice, compassion for all beings, knowledge of the world, protection, and the deliverance of the despondent and the afflicted — these exist in the warrior's duty of kings.
12.63.27
निर्मर्यादाः काममन्युप्रवृत्ता ।
भीता राज्ञो नाधिगच्छन्ति पापम्।
शिष्टाश्चान्ये सर्वधर्मोपपन्नाः ।
साध्वाचाराः साधुधर्मं वदन्ति ॥ १२.६३.२७ ॥
Those without restraint, driven by desire and anger, fear the king and do not incur sin. But the disciplined others, endowed with all duties and of good conduct, speak of the good law.
12.63.28
पुत्रवत्पाल्यमानानि धर्मलिङ्गानि पार्थिवैः ।
लोके भूतानि सर्वाणि चरन्ते नात्र संशयः ॥ १२.६३.२८ ॥
Under kings who protect them as sons, the marks of dharma are kept, and all beings in the world live by them; of this there is no doubt.
12.63.29
सर्वधर्मपरं क्षात्रं लोकश्रेष्ठं सनातनम् ।
शश्वदक्षरपर्यन्तमक्षरं सर्वतोमुखम् ॥ १२.६३.२९ ॥
The warrior duty, supreme over all duties, best in the world and eternal, endures to the imperishable end, imperishable, facing every direction.