Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.89
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12.89.1
वनस्पतीभक्ष्यफलान्न च्छिन्द्युर्विषये तव ।
ब्राह्मणानां मूलफलं धर्ममाहुर्मनीषिणः ॥ १२.८९.१ ॥
In your realm let no one cut off the edible fruits and food of the trees. The wise call the roots and fruits given to brahmins dharma.
12.89.2
ब्राह्मणेभ्योऽतिरिक्तं च भुञ्जीरन्नितरे जनाः ।
न ब्राह्मणोपरोधेन हरेदन्यः कथंचन ॥ १२.८९.२ ॥
Other people should eat only what remains after it has been given to brahmins. No one else should take anything, in any way, by oppressing the brahmins.
12.89.3
विप्रश्चेत्त्यागमातिष्ठेदाख्याया वृत्तिकर्शितः ।
परिकल्यास्य वृत्तिः स्यात्सदारस्य नराधिप ॥ १२.८९.३ ॥
If a brahmin, weakened by lack of livelihood, should resort to renunciation through begging, then, O lord of men, a means of livelihood should be arranged for him and his wife.
12.89.4
स चेन्नोपनिवर्तेत वाच्यो ब्राह्मणसंसदि ।
कस्मिन्निदानीं मर्यादामयं लोकः करिष्यति ॥ १२.८९.४ ॥
If he does not turn back, he should be addressed in the assembly of brahmins: 'Now, by what boundary of conduct will this world abide?'
12.89.5
असंशयं निवर्तेत न चेत्त्यक्ष्यत्यतः परम् ।
पूर्वं परोक्षं वक्तव्यमेतत्कौन्तेय शाश्वतम् ॥ १२.८९.५ ॥
Without doubt, if he does not turn back and later abandons it, this should first be said in private, O son of Kuntī: this is eternal.
12.89.6
आहुरेतज्जना ब्रह्मन्न चैतच्छ्रद्दधाम्यहम् ।
निमन्त्र्यश्च भवेद्भोगैरवृत्त्या च तदा चरेत् ॥ १२.८९.६ ॥
People say this, O brahmin, but I do not believe it: one invited to enjoyments, when he has no livelihood, should then live in that way.
12.89.7
कृषिगोरक्ष्यवाणिज्यं लोकानामिह जीवनम् ।
ऊर्ध्वं चैव त्रयी विद्या सा भूतान्भावयत्युत ॥ १२.८९.७ ॥
Agriculture, cattle-keeping and trade are the livelihood of people in this world; above them is the threefold knowledge, which nourishes beings.
12.89.8
तस्यां प्रपतमानायां ये स्युस्तत्परिपन्थिनः ।
दस्यवस्तद्वधायेह ब्रह्मा क्षत्रमथासृजत् ॥ १२.८९.८ ॥
When that order was collapsing, Brahmā created the warrior class (kṣatra) to slay the robbers who opposed it.
12.89.9
शत्रूञ्जय प्रजा रक्ष यजस्व क्रतुभिर्नृप ।
युध्यस्व समरे वीरो भूत्वा कौरवनन्दन ॥ १२.८९.९ ॥
Conqueror of enemies, protect your subjects; sacrifice with sacrifices, O king. Become a hero and fight in battle, O delight of the Kurus.
12.89.10
संरक्ष्यान्रक्षते राजा स राजा राजसत्तमः ।
ये केचित्तान्न रक्षन्ति तैरर्थो नास्ति कश्चन ॥ १२.८९.१० ॥
The king protects those who are to be protected; he is the best of kings. For those who do not protect them, there is no purpose at all.
12.89.11
सदैव राज्ञा योद्धव्यं सर्वलोकाद्युधिष्ठिर ।
तस्याद्धेतोर्हि भुञ्जीत मनुष्यानेव मानवः ॥ १२.८९.११ ॥
Yudhiṣṭhira, a king must always fight on behalf of all the worlds; and for that very purpose a man should sustain men.
12.89.12
आन्तरेभ्यः परान्रक्षन्परेभ्यः पुनरान्तरान् ।
परान्परेभ्यः स्वान्खेभ्यः सर्वान्पालय नित्यदा ॥ १२.८९.१२ ॥
Protecting those within from those without, and those without from those within again; protecting your own from outsiders, and all from your own — always protect everyone.
12.89.13
आत्मानं सर्वतो रक्षन्राजन्रक्षस्व मेदिनीम् ।
आत्ममूलमिदं सर्वमाहुर्वै विदुषो जनाः ॥ १२.८९.१३ ॥
Protecting yourself on every side, O king, protect the earth. The wise say that all this is rooted in the self.
12.89.14
किं छिद्रं कोनु सङ्गो मे किंवाऽस्त्यविनिपातितम् ।
कुतो मामाश्रयेद्दोष इति नित्यं विचिन्तयेत् ॥ १२.८९.१४ ॥
What flaw is in me, what attachment is mine, what fault has not yet been cast down, from where could a fault attack me — thus one should always reflect.
12.89.15
अतीतदिवसे वृत्तं प्रशंसन्ति न वा पुनः ।
गुप्तैश्चारैरनुमतैः पृथिवीमनुसारयेत् ॥ १२.८९.१५ ॥
Whether people praise past conduct or not, again — one should investigate the land through trusted hidden agents.
12.89.16
जानीत यदि मे वृत्तं प्रशंसन्ति न वा पुनः ।
कच्चिद्रोचेज्जनपदे कच्चिद्राष्ट्रे च मे वशः ॥ १२.८९.१६ ॥
If you know whether people praise my conduct or not — whether my conduct is pleasing in the realm, and whether the kingdom is under my control.
12.89.17
धर्मज्ञानां धृतिमतां संग्रामेष्वपलायिनाम् ।
राष्ट्रे तु येऽनुजीवन्ति ये तु राज्ञोऽनुजीविनः ॥ १२.८९.१७ ॥
Those who know dharma, the steadfast, who do not flee in battles — those who make their living in the realm, and those who live dependent on the king.
12.89.18
अमात्यानां च सर्वेषां मध्यस्थानां च सर्वशः ।
ये च त्वाऽभिप्रशंसेयुर्निन्देयुरथवा पुनः ॥ १२.८९.१८ ॥
Among all the ministers and mediators, those who praise you, or else those who blame you again.
12.89.19
सर्वान्सुपरिणीतांस्तान्कारयेथा युधिष्ठिर ।
एकान्तेन हि सर्वेषां न शक्यं तात रोचितुम्।
मित्रामित्रमथो मध्यं सर्वभूतेषु भारत ॥ १२.८९.१९ ॥
Yudhiṣṭhira, see that all of them are well married and well settled. Dear child, it is not possible to please everyone entirely. Bhārata, among all beings there are friends, enemies, and those in the middle.
12.89.20
तुल्यबाहुबलानां च तुल्यानां च गुणैरपि ।
कथं स्यादधिकः कश्चित्स च भुञ्जीत मानवान् ॥ १२.८९.२० ॥
How could anyone become superior among those equal in arm-strength and equal in qualities too? And how could he rule over men?
12.89.21
यच्चरा ह्यचरानद्युरदंष्ट्रान्दंष्ट्रिणस्तथा ।
आशीविषा इव क्रुद्धा भुजङ्गान्भुजगा इव ॥ १२.८९.२१ ॥
Those that move devour those that do not move; the toothless are devoured by the toothed, just as furious venomous snakes devour other serpents.
12.89.22
एतेभ्यश्चाप्रमत्तः स्यात्सदा शत्रोर्युधिष्ठिर ।
भारुण्डसदृशा ह्येते निपतन्ति प्रमादतः ॥ १२.८९.२२ ॥
Yudhiṣṭhira, one should always be vigilant against these and against the enemy, for they, like the bhāruṇḍa birds, swoop down through carelessness.
12.89.23
कच्चित्ते वणिजो राष्ट्रे नोद्विजन्ति करार्दिताः ।
क्रीणन्तो बहुनाऽल्पेन कान्तारकृतविश्रमाः ॥ १२.८९.२३ ॥
Are your merchants in the kingdom not distressed, oppressed by taxes—those who buy much with little, and who rest in the forest passes?
12.89.24
कच्चित्कृषिकरा राष्ट्रं न जहत्यतिपीडिताः ।
ये बहन्ति धुरं राज्ञां ते भरन्तीतरानपि ॥ १२.८९.२४ ॥
Do your farmers, greatly oppressed, not abandon the kingdom? Those who bear the yoke of kings are the same ones who support others as well.
12.89.25
आलस्येन हृतः पादः पादः पाषण्डमाश्रितः ।
राजानं सेवते पादः पादः कृषिमुपाश्रितः ॥ १२.८९.२५ ॥
By idleness one quarter is taken away; one quarter resorts to heterodox practice; one quarter serves the king; and one quarter resorts to agriculture.
12.89.26
एकपादं त्रयः पादा भक्षयन्ति दिनेदिने ।
तस्मात्सर्वप्रयत्नेन पादं रक्ष युधिष्ठिर ॥ १२.८९.२६ ॥
Three quarters consume one quarter day after day; therefore, Yudhiṣṭhira, guard that quarter with all your effort.
12.89.27
इतो दत्तेन जीवन्ति देवाः पितृगणास्तथा ।
मानुषोरगरक्षांसि वयांसि पशवस्तथा ॥ १२.८९.२७ ॥
From what is given here the gods and the groups of ancestors live; likewise humans, serpents and demons, birds and animals.
12.89.28
एषा ते राष्ट्रवृत्तिश्च राज्ञां गुप्तिश्च भारत ।
प्रोक्तोद्दिश्यैतमेवार्थं भूयो वक्ष्यामि पा…व ॥ १२.८९.२८ ॥
Bharata, this is for you the conduct of the realm and the protection of kings; with reference to this very matter I shall speak again, pā…v.