Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.92
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12.92.1
कथं धर्मे स्थातुमिच्छन्राजा वर्तेत भारत ।
पृच्छामि त्वां कुरुश्रेष्ठ तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥ १२.९२.१ ॥
How should a king, desiring to stand firm in dharma, conduct himself? O Bhārata, best of the Kurus, I ask you; O grandfather, tell me that.
12.92.2
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
गीतं दृष्टार्थतत्त्वेन वामदेवेन धीमता ॥ १२.९२.२ ॥
On this subject, too, people recite this ancient legend, sung by the wise Vāmadeva, who had seen the true meaning of things.
12.92.3
राजा वसुमना नाम कौसल्यो बलवाञ्शुचिः ।
महर्षि परिपप्रच्छ वामदेवं तपस्विनम् ॥ १२.९२.३ ॥
A strong and pure king of the Kosala line, named Vasumanā, thoroughly asked the great sage Vāmadeva, the ascetic.
12.92.4
धर्मार्थसहितैर्वाक्यैर्भगवन्ननुशाधि माम् ।
येन वृत्तेन वै तिष्ठन्न च्यवेयं स्वधर्मतः ॥ १२.९२.४ ॥
O venerable one, instruct me with words joined to dharma and wealth, by what conduct, standing firm, I might not fall from my own duty.
12.92.5
तमब्रवीद्धामदेवस्तेजस्वी तपतां वरः ।
हेमवर्णं सुखासीनं ययातिमिव नाहुषम् ॥ १२.९२.५ ॥
To him, the radiant Vāmadeva, best of ascetics, spoke, to the gold-hued king seated at ease like Yayāti, son of Nahuṣa.
12.92.6
धर्ममेवानुवर्तस्व न धर्माद्विद्यते परम् ।
धर्मे स्थिता हि राजानो जयन्ति पृथिवीमिनाम् ॥ १२.९२.६ ॥
Follow dharma alone; nothing is higher than dharma. Kings who stand established in dharma conquer this earth.
12.92.7
अर्थसिद्धेः परं धर्मं मन्यते यो महीपतिः ।
वृद्ध्यां च कुरुते बृद्धिं स धर्मेण विराजते ॥ १२.९२.७ ॥
The king who regards dharma as higher than the attainment of wealth, and who keeps his wisdom even in prosperity, shines with dharma.
12.92.8
अधर्मदर्शी यो राजा बलादेव प्रवर्तते ।
क्षिप्रमेवापयातोऽस्मादुभौ प्रथममध्यमौ ॥ १२.९२.८ ॥
The king who, seeing unrighteousness, acts only by force, quickly falls from this position, and so do both the first and the middle ones.
12.92.9
असत्पापिष्ठसचिवो वध्यो लोकस्य धर्महा ।
सहैव परिवारेण क्षिप्रमेवावसीदति ॥ १२.९२.९ ॥
A king with the most wicked and sinful counselors, a destroyer of dharma in the world, deserves to be slain; together with his retinue he quickly perishes.
12.92.10
अर्थानामननुष्ठाता कामचारी विकत्थनः ।
अपि सर्वां महीं लब्ध्वा क्षिप्रमेव विनश्यति ॥ १२.९२.१० ॥
He who does not carry out his duties and aims, acts at will and boasts, perishes quickly even after winning the whole earth.
12.92.11
अथाददानः कल्याणमनसूयुर्जितेन्द्रियः ।
वर्धते मतिमान्राजा स्रोतोभिरिव सागरः ॥ १२.९२.११ ॥
The wise king who accepts what is good, is free from envy and has conquered his senses, grows like the ocean fed by its streams.
12.92.12
न पूर्णोऽस्मीति मन्येत धर्मतः कामतोऽर्थतः ।
बुद्धितो मन्त्रतश्चापि सततं वसुधाधिप ॥ १२.९२.१२ ॥
One should never think, 'I am complete'—in dharma, in desire, in wealth, nor in wisdom and counsel, always, O lord of the earth.
12.92.13
एतेष्वेव हि सर्वेषु लोकयात्रा प्रतिष्ठिता ।
एतानि शृण्वँल्लभते यशः कीर्ति श्रियं प्रजाः ॥ १२.९२.१३ ॥
In all of these the course of the world is established. Hearing these, one obtains glory, renown, prosperity and subjects.
12.92.14
एवं यो धर्मसंरम्भी धर्मार्थपरिचिन्तकः ।
अर्थान्परीक्ष्यारभते स ध्रुवं महदश्नुते ॥ १२.९२.१४ ॥
He who is thus zealous for dharma, who reflects on dharma and wealth, and who examines matters before undertaking them, surely attains great things.
12.92.15
अदाता ह्यनभिस्नेहो दण्डेनावर्तयन्प्रजाः ।
साहसप्रकृती राजा क्षिप्रमेव विनश्यति ॥ १२.९२.१५ ॥
A king who does not give, has no affection, drives his subjects by punishment, and is of a rash nature, quickly perishes.
12.92.16
अथ पापं कृतं बुद्ध्या न च पश्यत्यबुद्धिमान् ।
अकीर्त्याऽभिसमायुक्तो भूयो नरकमश्नुते ॥ १२.९२.१६ ॥
And the unwise man does not see the sin he has committed deliberately; joined with infamy, he again attains hell.
12.92.17
ततो न याचितुर्दातुः शुक्लस्य रसवेदिनः ।
व्यसनं स्वमिवोत्पन्नं विजिघांसन्ति मानवाः ॥ १२.९२.१७ ॥
Therefore men desire to destroy the one who asks and the giver, the pure one who knows what is pleasing, as if he were a calamity arisen from their own doing.
12.92.18
यस्य नास्ति गुरुर्धर्मे न चान्यानपि पृच्छति ।
सुखतन्त्रोऽर्थलाभेषु न चिरं सुखमश्नुते ॥ १२.९२.१८ ॥
He who has no teacher in dharma and does not even ask others, who is ruled by pleasure in the gains of wealth, does not long enjoy happiness.
12.92.19
गुरुप्रधानो धर्मेषु स्वयमर्थानवेक्षिता ।
धर्मप्रधानो लाभेषु स चिरं सुखमश्नुते ॥ १२.९२.१९ ॥
He who holds the teacher foremost in matters of dharma, examines wealth's purposes himself, and keeps dharma foremost in gains, enjoys happiness for a long time.