Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 13.166
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13.166.1
तत्वसङ्ख्या श्रुता चैषा येषां ब्रह्मविदांवर ।
सर्गसङ्ख्या मया प्रोक्ता नवानामानुपूर्व्यशः।
प्रवक्ष्यामि तु तेऽध्यात्ममधिभूताधिदैवतम् ॥ १३.१६६.१ ॥
O best of those who know Brahman, you have heard this enumeration of principles. I have declared the number of the nine creations in due order; now I shall teach you the inner self, the elements and the divinities.
13.166.2
स्वभावसत्वस्थमनीशमीशम् ॥ १३.१६६.२ ॥
Abiding in its own nature and in sattva, he who is without a lord, yet is the Lord.
13.166.3
कैवल्यतां प्राप्य महासुरोत्तम ।
तवैतदाख्यामि मुनीन्द्रवृत्त्या।
रहस्यमेवान्यदवाप्य दिव्यं ।
पवित्रपूतस्तव मृत्युजालम् ॥ १३.१६६.३ ॥
O greatest of asuras, having attained liberation, I tell you this in the manner of the lord of sages. Having obtained another divine secret, your net of death will be made pure and holy.
13.166.4
पृथ्वीमिमां यद्यपि रत्नपूर्णां ।
दद्यान्न देयं त्वपरीक्षिताय।
नाश्रद्दधानाय न चान्यबुद्धे ।
र्नाज्ञानयुक्ताय न विस्मिताय ॥ १३.१६६.४ ॥
Even if this earth were full of jewels, one should not give it to one who is untested, faithless, of divided mind, endowed with ignorance, or astonished.
13.166.5
स्वाध्याययुक्ताय गुणान्विताय ।
प्रदेयमेतन्नियतेन्द्रियाय ॥ १३.१६६.५ ॥
This should be given to one devoted to study, endowed with virtues, and with senses restrained.
13.166.6
संक्षेपं चाप्यथैतेषां तत्वानां वृषभध्वज ।
अनुलोमानुजातानां प्रतिलोमप्रमीयतम् ॥ १३.१६६.६ ॥
O bearer of the bull-banner, hear also the summary of these principles, concerning those born in the direct order and those measured in the inverted order.
13.166.7
प्रवक्ष्यामि तमध्यात्मं साधिभूताधिदैवतम् ।
यथांशुजालमर्कस्य तथैतत्प्रवदन्ति वै ॥ १३.१६६.७ ॥
I shall declare that inner self together with the elements and the deities; these are spoken of just as the web of the sun's rays.
13.166.8
संक्षीणे ब्रह्मदिवसे जगज्जलधिमाविशेत् ।
प्रलीयते जले भूमिर्जलमग्नौ प्रलीयते ॥ १३.१६६.८ ॥
When Brahmā's day is spent, the world enters the ocean of waters; the earth dissolves into water, and water dissolves into fire.
13.166.9
लीयतेऽग्निस्तथा वायौ वायुराकाश एव तु ।
मनसि प्रलीयते खं तु मनोऽहंकार एव च ॥ १३.१६६.९ ॥
Fire dissolves into air, and air dissolves into space itself; space dissolves into the mind, and the mind dissolves into the ego-sense.
13.166.10
अहङ्कारस्तथा तस्मिन्महति प्रविलीयते ।
महानव्यक्त इत्याहुस्तदेकत्वं प्रचक्षते ॥ १३.१६६.१० ॥
Ego-sense likewise dissolves completely into that great principle. The great one (mahat) is called the unmanifest; that is declared to be oneness.
13.166.11
अव्यक्तस्य महादेव प्रलयं विद्धि ब्रह्म्णि ।
एवमस्यासकृत्क्रीडामाहुस्तत्वविदो जनाः ॥ १३.१६६.११ ॥
O Mahādeva, know the dissolution of the unmanifest into Brahman. Thus the knowers of truth call this a play that repeats again and again.
13.166.12
अध्यात्ममधिभूतं च तथैवाप्यधिदैवतम् ।
यथावदुदितं शास्त्रं योगे तु सुमहात्मभिः ॥ १३.१६६.१२ ॥
The inner self, the elements, and likewise the deities — as the scripture has rightly taught them, so the great souls have declared them in yoga.
13.166.13
तथैव चेह साङ्ख्ये तु परिसंख्यात्मचिन्तकैः ।
प्रपञ्चितार्थमेतावन्महादेव महात्मभिः ॥ १३.१६६.१३ ॥
Likewise here, in Sāṅkhya, the great souls who reflect on the self through enumeration have elaborated this meaning so fully, O Mahādeva.
13.166.14
ब्रह्मेति विद्यादध्यात्मं पुरुषं चाधिदैवतम् ।
प्रभवं सर्वभूतानां रक्षणं तत्र कर्म च ॥ १३.१६६.१४ ॥
One should know Brahman as the inner self (adhyātma) and the Person as the divine principle (adhidaivata); there also are the origin of all beings, their protection, and action.
13.166.15
अध्यात्मं प्राणमित्याहुः क्रतुमप्यधिदैवतम् ।
रथं च यज्ञवाहोऽत्र कर्माहङ्कारमेव च ॥ १३.१६६.१५ ॥
They call breath the inner (adhyātma), and the sacrificial rite the divine principle (adhidaivata). Here too are the chariot, the bearer of the sacrifice, action, and self-conceit.
13.166.16
अध्यात्मं तु मनो विद्याच्चन्द्रमाश्चाधिदैवतम् ।
दैवं च प्रभवश्चैव कर्म व्याहृतयस्तथा ॥ १३.१६६.१६ ॥
One should know the mind as the inner (adhyātma) and the moon as the divine principle (adhidaivata); likewise the divine, the origin, action and the utterances (vyāhṛti).
13.166.17
विद्यात्तु श्रोत्रमध्यात्ममाकाशमधिदैवतम् ।
सर्वभावाभिधानार्थं शब्दः कर्म सदा स्मृतं ॥ १३.१६६.१७ ॥
One should know hearing as the inner (adhyātma) and space as the divine principle (adhidaivata); sound is always remembered as the action, for the naming of all states of being.
13.166.18
त्वगध्यात्ममथो विद्याद्वायुरत्राधिदैवतम् ।
सन्निपातय विज्ञानं सर्वकर्म च तत्र ह ॥ १३.१६६.१८ ॥
One should know the skin as the inner (adhyātma) and the wind here as the divine principle (adhidaivata); there is the coming together of knowledge, and all action.
13.166.19
अध्यात्मं चक्षुरित्याहुर्भास्करोऽत्राधिदैवतम् ।
ज्ञापतं सर्ववर्णानां रूपं कर्म सदा स्मृतम् ॥ १३.१६६.१९ ॥
The eye they call the inner (self) aspect; here the presiding deity is the sun. Form is what makes all colours known, and its function is ever remembered.
13.166.20
जिह्वेति विद्यादध्यात्ममापश्चात्राधिदैवतम् ॥ १३.१६६.२० ॥
The tongue one should know as the inner aspect; here the presiding deity is the waters.
13.166.21
पायुरध्यात्ममित्याहुर्यथावद्यतिसत्तमाः ।
विसर्गमधिभूतं च मित्रं चाप्यधिदैवतम् ॥ १३.१६६.२१ ॥
The anus they call the inner aspect, O best of ascetics, rightly so. Excretion is the elemental aspect, and Mitra too is the presiding deity.
13.166.22
उपस्थोऽध्यात्ममित्याहुर्देवदेव पिनाकधृक् ।
अनुभावोऽधिभूतं तु दैवतं च प्रजापतिः ॥ १३.१६६.२२ ॥
The genitals they call the inner aspect, O god of gods, bearer of the Pinaka bow. Enjoyment is the elemental aspect, and the deity is Prajāpati.
13.166.23
पादावध्यात्ममित्याहुस्त्रिशूलाङ्क मनीषिणः ।
गन्तव्यमधिभूतं तु विष्णुस्तत्राधिदैवतम् ॥ १३.१६६.२३ ॥
The two feet, the wise who bear the trident-mark say, are the inner aspect. That which is to be gone to is the elemental aspect, and there the presiding deity is Viṣṇu.
13.166.24
वागध्यात्मं तथैवाहुः पिनाकिंस्तत्वदर्शिनः ।
वक्तव्यमधिभूतं तु वह्निस्तत्राधिदैवतम् ॥ १३.१६६.२४ ॥
Speech, likewise, the seers of truth who bear the Pinaka say, is the inner aspect. That which is to be spoken is the elemental aspect, and there the presiding deity is Fire.
13.166.25
एतदध्यात्ममतुलं साधिभूताधिदैवतम् ।
मया तु वर्णितं सम्यग्देहिनाममरर्षभ ॥ १३.१६६.२५ ॥
This incomparable teaching of the self, together with the elemental and the divine, I have fully described for embodied beings, bull among the immortals.
13.166.26
एतत्कीटपतङ्गे च श्वपाके शुनि हस्तिनि ।
पुत्रिकादंशमशके ब्राह्मणे गवि पार्थिवे ॥ १३.१६६.२६ ॥
This is the same in worm and moth, in the outcaste dog-cooker, in the dog, in the elephant, in the gnat, mosquito and fly, in the Brahmin, in the cow and in the king.
13.166.27
सर्वमेव हि द्रष्टव्यमन्यथा मा विचिन्तय ।
अतोऽन्यथा ये पश्यन्ति न सम्यक्तेषु दर्शनम् ॥ १३.१६६.२७ ॥
Everything must be seen in just this way; do not think otherwise. Those who see otherwise do not have right vision of them.
13.166.28
देवदानवगन्धर्वयक्षराक्षसकिन्नराः ।
यन्न जानन्ति को ह्येष कुतो वा भगवानिति ॥ १३.१६६.२८ ॥
That which gods, Dānavas, Gandharvas, Yakṣas, Rākṣasas and Kinnaras do not know — who indeed is this, or whence the blessed lord?
13.166.29
ओमित्येकाक्षरं ब्रह्म यत्तत्सदसतः परम् ।
अनादिमध्यपर्यन्तं कूटस्थमचलं ध्रुवम् ॥ १३.१६६.२९ ॥
The single syllable Om is Brahman, which is beyond being and non-being, without beginning, middle or end, unchanging, immovable and steadfast.
13.166.30
योगेश्वरं पद्मनाभं विष्णुं जिष्णुं जगत्पतिम् ।
अनादिनिधं देवं देवदेवं सनातनम् ॥ १३.१६६.३० ॥
The lord of yoga, lotus-navelled Viṣṇu, the victorious one, lord of the world, without beginning or end, the god, god of gods, the eternal.
13.166.31
अपमेयमविज्ञेयं हरिं नारायणं प्रभुम् ।
कृताञ्जलिः शुचिर्भूत्वा प्रणम्य प्रयतोऽर्चयेत् ॥ १३.१६६.३१ ॥
The immeasurable, unknowable Hari, Nārāyaṇa, the lord — one should worship him with folded hands, becoming pure, bowing down, self-restrained.
13.166.32
अनाद्यन्तं परं ब्रह्म न देवा ऋषयो विदुः ।
एकोयं वेद भगवांस्त्राता नारायणो हरिः ॥ १३.१६६.३२ ॥
The supreme Brahman, without beginning or end, the gods and sages do not know; this one alone, the blessed lord, knows it — the protector Nārāyaṇa, Hari.
13.166.33
नारायणादृषिगणास्ततः सिद्धा महोरगाः ।
देवा देवर्षयश्चैव यं विदुर्दुःखभेषजम् ॥ १३.१६६.३३ ॥
From Nārāyaṇa came the groups of sages; then the perfected beings, the great serpents, the gods and divine sages — him whom they know as the remedy for suffering.
13.166.34
यमाहुर्विजितक्लेशं यस्मिंश्च विहिताः प्रजाः ।
यस्मिँल्लोकाः स्फुरन्तीमे जाले शकुनयो यथा ॥ १३.१६६.३४ ॥
Him they call the conqueror of afflictions, in whom creatures are established, and in whom these worlds shine like birds in a net.
13.166.35
सप्तर्षयो मनः सप्त साङ्ख्यास्तु मुनिदर्शनात् ।
सप्तर्षयश्चेन्द्रियाणि पञ्च बुद्धीन्द्रियाणि च ॥ १३.१६६.३५ ॥
The seven sages are the mind; the Sāṅkhyas say seven through the sight of the sages; the seven sages are the senses, and also the five organs of perception.
13.166.36
श्रोत्रयोश्च दिशः प्राहुर्मनसि त्वथ चन्द्रमाः ॥ १३.१६६.३६ ॥
For the two ears they name the directions, and in the mind, the moon.
13.166.37
मनः षष्ठं बुद्धिः सप्तमी ह्यात्मनि स्थापितानि ।
शरीरेषु नात्मनि तस्य हि कारणानि भन्ति सर्वा-
ण्यपि सर्वकर्मसु वा विषयेषुवा युञ्जन्ति यथात्म-
नि स्वानि कर्माणि प्रवृत्तानि सप्तस्वपि ॥ १३.१६६.३७ ॥
Mind is the sixth, intellect the seventh; all these are established in the self. Those in the bodies are not in the self, for they are its causes. In all actions or objects they set their own functions in motion, as all seven are set in motion.
13.166.38
विषयाणां व्यापकत्वानि तान्येव स्वपतो भूत ।
ग्रामस्याजमात्मानं देवलोकस्थानसंमितं देहान्तर।
गामिनं मुमुक्षुं वानुप्रतिशन्ति सूक्ष्माणि प्रलीयन्ते ॥ १३.१६६.३८ ॥
Those very extensions of the objects belong to one who sleeps, O being. The unborn self, like a village, measured by the abode of the gods, going into another body or seeking liberation: the subtle faculties follow it back and dissolve.
13.166.39
मोक्षकाले तमेकं न कश्चिद्वेत्ति स्वपरम् ।
एवं प्रविष्टेषु भूतेषु को जागर्तीत्युच्यते ॥ १३.१६६.३९ ॥
At the time of liberation no one knows that one alone, whether as his own or another's. When beings have thus entered in, it is asked: who is awake?
13.166.40
निद्राप्रसुप्तेषु वाऽत्र जाग्रत्स्वप्नशीलोत्रसदनौ ।
च देवद्योतनो भगवांश्चात्र क्षत्रेज्ञो बुद्धिर्वाऽभिसुप्त।
स्यापि स्वप्नदर्शनानि पश्यन्ति ॥ १३.१६६.४० ॥
Here, among those deeply asleep in sleep, or in the two abodes of waking and dreaming, the blessed lord who illumines the gods, and here the knower of the field, or the intellect deeply asleep — they too see dream-sights.
13.166.41
अप्रतिबुद्धेषु लोकेषु स एव प्रतिबुध्यते। स ।
एष प्राज्ञः। अथ तैजसः कायाग्निः स हि सुप्तस्यात्मा वा ॥ १३.१६६.४१ ॥
Even among the worlds that are not awake, he alone awakens. This is the wise one (prājña). Then the luminous (taijasa), the bodily fire; he indeed is the self of the sleeper, or…
13.166.42
अविदुषो वाऽप्रतिबुध्यमानस्यान्नं पचतीत्यन्ते ।
वै तिष्ठति एतदात्मानमधिकृत्यानुज्ञातमिति ॥ १३.१६६.४२ ॥
It is said at the end that it digests the food of one who is ignorant or not awake. Indeed it stands, taking this self as its basis, as declared and permitted.