Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 13.167
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13.167.1
प्रभवश्चाप्ययस्तात वर्णितस्तेऽनुपूर्वशः ।
तथाऽध्यात्माधेभूतं च तथैवात्राधिदैवतम् ॥ १३.१६७.१ ॥
Dear one, the origin and the dissolution have been described to you in order, and likewise the inner self, the outer elements, and here the presiding deities.
13.167.2
निखिलेन तु वक्ष्यामि दैवतानि ह देहिनाम् ।
यान्याश्रितेषु देहेषु यानि पृच्छसि शङ्कर ॥ १३.१६७.२ ॥
O Śaṅkara, I will tell you fully the deities who dwell in the bodies of embodied beings, and all that you ask about.
13.167.3
वाच्यग्निस्त्वथ जिह्वायां सोमः प्राणे तु मारुतः ।
रूपे चाप्यथ नक्षत्रं जिह्वायां चाप एव तु ॥ १३.१६७.३ ॥
In speech is Agni; in the tongue, Soma; in the breath, the Wind. In the form is also the constellation, and in the tongue the waters.
13.167.4
नाभ्यां समुद्रश्च विभुर्नखरोम तथैव च ।
वनस्पतिवनौषध्यस्त्वङ्गेषु मरुतस्तथा ॥ १३.१६७.४ ॥
In the navel are the ocean and the all-pervading one; likewise in the nails and hair. Trees and forest herbs are in the skin and limbs, and the Winds likewise.
13.167.5
संवत्सराः पर्वसु च आकाशे दैवमानुषे ।
उदाने विद्युदभवद्व्याने पर्जन्य एव च ॥ १३.१६७.५ ॥
The years are in the joints, and in the sky are the divine and the human. In the upward breath came lightning, and in the pervading breath the rain-god Parjanya.
13.167.6
स्तनयोरेव चाकाशं बले चेन्द्रस्तथैव च ।
मनसोऽप्यथ चेशानस्त्वपाने रुद्र एव च ॥ १३.१६७.६ ॥
In the breasts is space, and in strength likewise Indra. In the mind too is Īśāna, and in the downward breath Rudra.
13.167.7
गन्धर्वाप्सरसो व्याने सत्ये मित्रश्च शङ्कर ।
प्रज्ञायां वरुणश्चैव चक्षुष्यादित्य एव च ॥ १३.१६७.७ ॥
In the vyāna breath are the Gandharvas and Apsarases, in truth Mitra, O Śaṅkara; in wisdom Varuṇa, and in the eye the sun Āditya.
13.167.8
शरीरे पृथिवी चैव पादयोर्विष्णुरेव च ।
पायौ मित्रस्तथोपस्थे प्रजापतिररिंदम ॥ १३.१६७.८ ॥
In the body is the earth, and in the feet Viṣṇu; in the anus Mitra, likewise in the genitals Prajāpati, O subduer of foes.
13.167.9
मूर्ध्नि चैव दिशः प्राहुर्बुद्धौ ब्रह्मा प्रतिष्ठितः ।
बुध्यमानोऽऽत्मनिष्ठः स्यादधिष्ठाता तु शङ्करः ॥ १३.१६७.९ ॥
In the head, indeed, the directions are said to dwell; in the intellect Brahmā is established. For one who is awake and steadfast in the self, the presiding lord is Śaṅkara.
13.167.10
अबुद्धश्चाभवत्तस्माद्बुध्यमानान्न संशयः ।
आभ्यामन्यः परो बुद्धो वेदवादेषु शङ्कर ॥ १३.१६७.१० ॥
Therefore the one who was unaware became aware, without doubt. Apart from these two, the supreme awareness is found in the doctrines of the Vedas, O Śaṅkara.
13.167.11
यदाश्रितानि देहेषु दैवतानि पृथक्पृथक् ।
योऽग्नये जायते नित्यमात्मयाजी समाहितः ॥ १३.१६७.११ ॥
He who constantly offers to Agni the deities that dwell separately in the bodies, composed and concentrated, is one who sacrifices to the self.
13.167.12
य एवमनुपश्येत दैवतानि समाहितः ।
सोत्र योगी भवत्येव य एवमनुपश्यति।
स सर्वज्ञयाजिभ्यो ह्यात्मयाजी विशिष्यते ॥ १३.१६७.१२ ॥
He who, composed in this way, perceives the deities becomes a yogin right here; and he who perceives thus, the one who sacrifices to the self, surpasses all sacrificers who know everything.
13.167.13
मुखे जुहोति यो नित्यं कृत्स्नं विश्वमिदं जगत् ।
सोत्मवित्प्रोच्यते तज्ज्ञैर्महादेव महात्मभिः ॥ १३.१६७.१३ ॥
He who always offers this entire world into his mouth as an oblation is called a knower of the self by the great-souled ones who know it, O Mahādeva.
13.167.14
सर्वेभ्यः परमेभ्यो वै दैवतेभ्यो ह्यात्मयाजिना ।
गन्तव्यं परमाकाङ्क्षन्परमेव च चिन्तयन् ॥ १३.१६७.१४ ॥
The self-sacrificer must go beyond all the supreme deities, desiring the highest and contemplating only the supreme.
13.167.15
यथा संक्रमते देहाद्देही त्रिपुरसूदन ।
तथास्य स्थानमाख्यास्ये पृथक्त्वेनेह शङ्कर ॥ १३.१६७.१५ ॥
Just as the embodied soul passes over from the body, O destroyer of Tripura, so I will here declare separately its abode, O Śaṅkara.
13.167.16
पादाभ्यां वैष्णवं स्थानमाप्नोति विनियोजनात् ।
पायुना मित्रमाप्नोति उपस्थेन प्रजापतिम् ॥ १३.१६७.१६ ॥
By applying the feet he attains the abode of Viṣṇu; through the anus he attains Mitra, and through the genital organ he attains Prajāpati.
13.167.17
नाभ्या च वारुणं स्थानं स्तनाभ्यां तु भवो लभेत् ।
बाहुभ्यां वासवं स्थानं श्रोत्राभ्यामाप्नुयाद्दिशः।
आदित्यं चक्षुषा स्थानं मूर्ध्ना ब्रह्मण एव च ॥ १३.१६७.१७ ॥
Through the navel one should obtain the abode of Varuṇa, through the breasts Bhava; through the arms the abode of Vāsava (Indra), through the ears one should attain the directions. Through the eyes the abode of Āditya, and through the crown of the head the abode of Brahmā.
13.167.18
अथ मूर्धसु यः प्राणान्धारयेत समाहितः ।
बुद्ध्या मानमवाप्नोति द्रव्यावस्थं च संशयः ॥ १३.१६७.१८ ॥
Then he who, composed, holds the vital breaths in the crown of the head, attains honour through intellect and also the state of substance; there is no doubt.
13.167.19
अव्यक्तात्परमं शुद्धमप्रमेयमनामयम् ।
तमाहुः परमं नित्यं यद्यदाप्नोति बुद्धिमान् ॥ १३.१६७.१९ ॥
Beyond the unmanifest, supreme, pure, immeasurable, free from ailment: that they call the supreme and eternal, whatever the wise man attains.
13.167.20
बुध्यमानाप्रबुद्धाभ्यां स बुद्ध इति पठ्यते ।
बुध्यमानमबुद्धश्च नित्यमेवानुपश्यति ॥ १३.१६७.२० ॥
By being aware and by being unaware, he is called 'the awakened'; the one who is aware and the one who is unaware he always perceives.
13.167.21
विकारपुरुषस्त्वेष बुध्यमान इति स्मृतः ।
पञ्चविंशतितत्वं तत्प्रोच्यते तत्र संशयः ॥ १३.१६७.२१ ॥
This modified person is remembered as 'the aware one'; it is declared together with the twenty-five principles, and there is doubt about this.
13.167.22
स एष प्रकृतिस्थत्वात्तस्थुरित्युपदिश्यते ।
महानात्मा महादेव महानत्राधितिष्ठति ॥ १३.१६७.२२ ॥
Because he abides in nature he is taught as 'the stationary one'; the great self, the great god, the great one dwells here.
13.167.23
अधिष्ठानादधिष्ठाता प्रोच्यते शास्त्रदर्शनात् ।
एष चेतयते देव मोहजालमबुद्धिमान् ॥ १३.१६७.२३ ॥
From the substratum he is called the one who abides, by the sight of the scriptures; this god perceives the net of delusion, being unwise.
13.167.24
अव्यक्तस्यैव साधर्म्यमेतदाहुर्मनीषिणः ।
सोहं सोहमतो नित्यादज्ञानादिति मन्यते ॥ १३.१६७.२४ ॥
The sages say this is the very likeness of the unmanifest; 'I am that, I am that' — from eternal ignorance he thinks so.
13.167.25
यदि बुध्यति चैवायं मन्येयमिति भास्वरः ।
न प्रबुद्धो न वर्तेत पानीयं मत्स्यको यथा ॥ १३.१६७.२५ ॥
If this radiant one understands, thinking 'I am thinking this,' and though awakened does not act, he is like a fish in water.
13.167.26
देवता निखिलेनैताः प्रोक्तास्त्रिभुवनेश्वर ।
योगकृत्यं तु तावन्मे त्वं निबोधानुपूर्वशः ॥ १३.१६७.२६ ॥
O lord of the three worlds, these deities have been fully declared. Now hear from me, in due order, the task of yoga.
13.167.27
शून्यागारेष्वरण्येषु सागरे वा गुहासु वा ।
विष्टम्भयित्वा त्रीन्दण्डानवाप्तो ह्यद्वयो भवेत् ॥ १३.१६७.२७ ॥
In empty dwellings, in forests, in the sea, or in caves, having restrained the three staffs, one indeed attains non-duality.
13.167.28
प्राङ्मुखोदङ्मुखो वापि तथा पश्चान्मुखोपि वा ।
दक्षिणावदनो वापि बद्ध्वा विधिवदासनम् ॥ १३.१६७.२८ ॥
Facing east, north, west, or south, having duly assumed a seat, one should sit.
13.167.29
स्वस्तिकेनोपसंविष्टः कायमुन्नाम्य भास्वरम् ।
यथोपदिष्टं गुरुणा तथा तद्ब्रह्म धारयेत् ॥ १३.१६७.२९ ॥
Seated in the svastika posture, raising the body erect and radiant, one should hold that brahman just as the teacher has instructed.
13.167.30
लघ्वाहारो यतो दान्तस्त्रिकालपरिवर्जकः ।
मूत्रोत्सर्गपुरीषाभ्यामाहारे च समाहितः ॥ १३.१६७.३० ॥
One who eats lightly, is self-restrained and tamed, abstains at the three times, and is composed in urinating, defecating, and eating.
13.167.31
शेषकालं तु युञ्जीत मनसा सुसमाहितः ।
इन्द्रियाणीन्द्रियार्थेभ्यो मनसा विनिवर्तयेत् ॥ १३.१६७.३१ ॥
In the remaining time, with the mind well composed, one should apply oneself to yoga; with the mind, one should turn the senses away from their objects.
13.167.32
मनस्तथैव सङ्गृह्य बुद्ध्या बुद्धिमतां वर ।
विधावमानं धैर्येण विस्फुरन्तमितस्ततः ॥ १३.१६७.३२ ॥
O best of the wise, likewise, having restrained the mind by the intellect, one should check it with steadiness, when it runs about and quivers here and there.
13.167.33
निरुध्य सर्वसङ्कल्पांस्ततो वै स्थिरतां व्रजेत् ।
एकाग्रस्तद्विजानीयात्सर्वं गुह्यतमं परम् ॥ १३.१६७.३३ ॥
Having restrained all intentions, one should then indeed attain steadiness; one-pointed, one should know that — all of it the supreme and most secret.
13.167.34
निवातस्थ इवालोलो यथा दीपोऽतिदीप्यते ।
ऊर्ध्वमेव न तिर्यक्च तथैवाभ्रान्ति ते मनः ॥ १३.१६७.३४ ॥
As a lamp in a windless place, unflickering, shines brightly, so may your mind be only upward, not sideways, without wandering.
13.167.35
हृदिस्थस्तिष्ठते योसौ तस्यैवाभिमुखो यदा ।
मनो भवति देवेश पाषाणमिव निश्चलम् ॥ १३.१६७.३५ ॥
When the mind turns toward him who dwells in the heart, O lord of gods, then the mind becomes motionless as a stone.
13.167.36
स निर्जने विनिर्घोषे सघोषे चाऽऽवसञ्जने ।
युक्तो यो न विकम्पेत योगी योगविधिः श्रुतः ॥ १३.१६७.३६ ॥
He who, absorbed in yoga, does not tremble, whether in a solitary place, a silent place, a noisy place, or a dwelling of people — he is the yogin; such is the method of yoga as it has been heard.
13.167.37
ततः पश्यति तद्ब्रह्म ज्वलदात्मनि संस्थितम् ।
विद्युदम्बुधरे यद्वत्तद्वदेकमनाश्रयम् ॥ १३.१६७.३७ ॥
Then he sees that brahman established in the blazing self, like lightning in a cloud, one and without support.
13.167.38
तमस्यगाधे तिष्ठन्तं निस्तमस्कमचेतनम् ।
चेतयानमचेतं च दीप्यमानं स्वतेजसा ॥ १३.१६७.३८ ॥
Abiding in unfathomable darkness yet free of darkness, unconscious, giving consciousness yet itself unconscious, shining by its own radiance.
13.167.39
अङ्गष्ठपर्वमात्रं तन्नैश्रेयसमनिन्दितम् ।
महद्भूतमनन्तं च स्वतन्त्रं विगतज्वरम् ॥ १३.१६७.३९ ॥
It is the size of a thumb-joint, yet it is supreme bliss, blameless, a great being, infinite, self-dependent, and free from fever.
13.167.40
ज्योतिषां ज्योतिषं देवं विष्णुमत्यन्तनिर्मलम् ।
नारायणमणीयांसमीश्वराणामधीश्वरम् ॥ १३.१६७.४० ॥
The light of lights, the god Viṣṇu, utterly pure, Nārāyaṇa, subtler, the lord of lords.
13.167.41
विश्वतः परमं नित्यं विश्वं नारायणं प्रभुम् ।
अविज्ञाय निमज्जन्ति लोकाः संसारसागरे ॥ १३.१६७.४१ ॥
Not knowing Nārāyaṇa, the lord beyond the universe, eternal, the universe itself, the worlds sink into the ocean of rebirth.
13.167.42
यं दृष्ट्वा यतयस्तात न शोचन्ति गतज्वराः ।
जन्ममृत्युभयान्मुक्तास्तीर्णाः संसारसागरम् ॥ १३.१६७.४२ ॥
Dear one, seeing whom the ascetics do not grieve, free from fever, freed from the fear of birth and death, they cross the ocean of rebirth.
13.167.43
अणिमा लघिमा भूमा प्राप्तिः प्राकम्यमेव च ।
ईशित्वं च वशित्वं च यत्र कामावसायिता।
एतदष्टुगुणं योगं योगानाममितं स्मृतम् ॥ १३.१६७.४३ ॥
Aṇimā, laghimā, bhūmā, prāpti, prākāmya, īśitva and vaśitva, and where desire is fulfilled — this yoga of eight qualities is declared to be the foremost among countless yogas.
13.167.44
दृष्ट्वात्मानं निरात्मानमप्रमेयं सनातनम् ।
ते विशन्ति शरीराणि योगेनानेन भास्वरम्।
दैत्यदेवमनुष्याणां बलेन बलवत्तमाः ॥ १३.१६७.४४ ॥
Having seen the self as no-self, immeasurable and eternal, they enter radiant bodies through this yoga — the mightiest among demons, gods and men.
13.167.45
एतत्तत्वमनाद्यन्तं यद्भवाननुपृच्छति ।
नित्यं वयमुपास्यामो योगधर्मं सनातनम् ॥ १३.१६७.४५ ॥
This truth, which has no beginning and no end, about which you inquire — we always practise that eternal dharma of yoga.
13.167.46
योगधर्मान्न धर्मोस्ति गरीयान्सुरसत्तम ।
एतद्धर्म हि धर्माणामपुनर्भवसंस्कृतम् ॥ १३.१६७.४६ ॥
Greater than the dharma of yoga there is no other dharma, O best of gods; this dharma, refined toward non-rebirth, is the foremost of all dharmas.
13.167.47
तत्वतः परमस्तीस्ति केचिदाहुर्मनीषिणः ।
केचिदाहुः परं नास्ति ये ज्ञानफलमाश्रिताः ॥ १३.१६७.४७ ॥
In truth, some wise men say there is a supreme; while others, who rest upon the fruit of knowledge, say there is no supreme.
13.167.48
ज्ञानस्थः पुरुषस्त्वेष विकृतः स्वेन वर्णितः ।
ये ध्यानेनानुपश्यन्ति नित्यं योगपरायणाः ॥ १३.१६७.४८ ॥
This person, established in knowledge, appears altered from his own nature because he is described by himself; those who are devoted to yoga and see him constantly through meditation truly perceive him.
13.167.49
तमेव पुरुषं देवं केचिदेव महेश्वर ।
नित्यमन्यतमाः प्राहुर्ज्ञानं परमकं स्मृतम् ॥ १३.१६७.४९ ॥
O Maheśvara, some indeed always call that same Puruṣa, the god, by other names; it is held to be supreme knowledge.
13.167.50
ज्ञानमेव विनिर्मुक्ताः सांख्या गच्छन्ति केवलम् ।
चिन्ताध्यात्मनि चान्यत्र योगाः परमबुद्धयः ॥ १३.१६७.५० ॥
Those Sāṅkhyas, wholly freed through knowledge alone, attain only that; and the yogins of supreme intellect attain it in reflection on the self and elsewhere.
13.167.51
उक्तमेतावदेतत्ते योगदर्शनमुत्तमम् ।
साङ्ख्यज्ञानं प्रवक्ष्यामि परिसंख्याविदर्शनम् ॥ १३.१६७.५१ ॥
Thus far this excellent doctrine of yoga has been declared to you; now I shall expound the Sāṅkhya knowledge, the teaching of enumeration.