Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 13.218
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13.218.1
भगवन्देवदेवेश त्र्यक्ष भो वृषभध्वज ।
मानुषास्त्रिविधा देव दृश्यन्ते सततं विभो ॥ १३.२१८.१ ॥
O blessed lord, god of gods, lord, three-eyed bull-bannered one! O god, O mighty one, men are constantly seen in three kinds.
13.218.2
आसीना एव भुञ्जन्ते स्थानैश्वर्यपरिग्रहैः ।
अपरे यत्नपूर्वं तु लभन्ते भोगसङ्ग्रहम् ॥ १३.२१८.२ ॥
Some enjoy while sitting, by acquiring position and power; others, with effort, obtain a store of enjoyments.
13.218.3
अपरे यतमानाश्च न लभन्ते तु किञ्चन ।
केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥ १३.२१८.३ ॥
And others, though striving, obtain nothing at all. By the ripening of what action does this happen? You ought to declare it to me.
13.218.4
न्यायतस्त्वं महाभागे श्रोतुकामाऽसि भामिनि ॥ १३.२१८.४ ॥
Rightly so, O greatly fortunate one, O radiant lady, you are desirous of hearing.
13.218.5
ये लोके मानुषा देवि दानधर्मपरायणाः ।
पात्राणि विधिवज्ज्ञात्वा दूरतोप्यनुमानतः ॥ १३.२१८.५ ॥
O goddess, those men in the world who are intent on the duty of giving, having rightly recognized the worthy recipients, even from afar, by inference.
13.218.6
अभिगम्य स्वयं तत्र ग्राहयन्ति प्रसाद्य च ।
दानादि चेङ्गितैरेव तैरविज्ञातमेव वा ॥ १३.२१८.६ ॥
Going there themselves and pleasing them, they cause the gift and the rest to be accepted; by signs alone, or even without the recipients knowing it.
13.218.7
पुनर्जन्मनि ते देवि तादृशाः शोभना नराः ।
अयत्नतस्तु तान्येव फलानि प्राप्नुवन्त्युत ॥ १३.२१८.७ ॥
O goddess, in rebirth such fortunate men obtain those very fruits without effort.
13.218.8
आसीना एव भुञ्जन्ते भोगान्सुकृतभोगिनः ॥ १३.२१८.८ ॥
Those who enjoy the fruit of good deeds enjoy their pleasures even while seated.
13.218.9
अपरे ये च दानानि ददत्येव प्रयाचिताः ।
यदायदाऽर्थिने दत्त्वा पुनर्दानं च याचिताः ॥ १३.२१८.९ ॥
Others give gifts when asked, and whenever, having given to a supplicant, they are asked again for a gift.
13.218.10
तावत्कालं ततो देवि पुनर्जन्मनि ते नराः ।
यत्नतः श्रमसंयुक्ताः पुनस्तान्प्राप्नुवन्ति च ॥ १३.२१८.१० ॥
O goddess, for that long, then in rebirth those men, joined with effort and toil, obtain them again.
13.218.11
याचिता अपि केचित्तु अदत्त्वैव कथञ्चन ।
अभ्यसूयापरा मर्त्या लोभोपहतचेतसः ॥ १३.२१८.११ ॥
Some, though asked, do not give at all; those mortals, intent on envy, have minds struck by greed.
13.218.12
ते पुनर्जन्मनि शुभे यतन्तो बहुधा नराः ।
न प्राप्नुवन्ति मनुजा मार्गन्तस्तेऽपि किञ्चन ॥ १३.२१८.१२ ॥
O auspicious one, in rebirth those men, striving in many ways, obtain nothing; even seeking, they find nothing at all.
13.218.13
नानुप्तं रोहते सस्यं तद्वद्दानफलं विदुः ।
यद्यद्ददाति पुरुषस्तत्तत्प्राप्नोति केवलम् ॥ १३.२१८.१३ ॥
As a crop does not grow unsown, so know the fruit of giving: whatever a man gives, that alone he obtains.
13.218.14
इति ते कथितं देवि भूयः श्रोतुं किमिच्छसि ॥ १३.२१८.१४ ॥
Thus has this been told to you, O goddess. What more do you wish to hear?
13.218.15
भगवन्भगनेत्रघ्न केचिद्वार्धकसंयुताः ।
अभोगयोग्यकाले तु भोगांश्चैव धनानि च ॥ १३.२१८.१५ ॥
O lord, slayer of Bhaga's eyes, some who are joined with old age obtain enjoyments and wealth at a time unfit for enjoying them.
13.218.16
लभन्ते स्थविरा भूता भोगैश्वर्यं यतस्ततः ।
केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥ १३.२१८.१६ ॥
Though grown old, they obtain enjoyments and lordship from here and there. By what ripening of karma does this come about? You should declare it to me.
13.218.17
हन्त ते कथयिष्यामि शृणु तत्वं समाहिता ॥ १३.२१८.१७ ॥
Well then, I will tell you. Listen to this truth with a concentrated mind.
13.218.18
धर्मकार्यं चिरं कालं विस्मृत्य धनसंयुताः ।
प्राणान्तकाले सम्प्राप्ते व्याधिभिश्च निपीडिताः ॥ १३.२१८.१८ ॥
Endowed with wealth, having long forgotten dharmic duty, when the time of death has come, and tormented by diseases…
13.218.19
आरभन्ते पुनर्धर्मं दातुं दानानि वा नराः ।
ते पुनर्जन्मनि शुभे भूत्वा दुःखपरिप्लुताः ॥ १३.२१८.१९ ॥
Men begin again to perform dharma and to give gifts; but having been reborn in an auspicious birth, they remain overwhelmed by suffering.
13.218.20
अतीतयौवने काले स्थविरत्वमुपागताः ।
लभन्ते पूर्वदत्तानां फलानि शुभलक्षणे ॥ १३.२१८.२० ॥
When the time of youth is past and they have reached old age, O auspicious one, they obtain the fruits of the gifts given earlier.
13.218.21
एतत्कर्मफलं देवि कालयोगाद्भवत्युत ॥ १३.२१८.२१ ॥
This, O goddess, is the fruit of action; it comes about through the course of time.
13.218.22
भोगयुक्ता महादेव केचिद्व्याधिपरिप्लुताः ।
असमर्थाश्च तान्भोक्तं भवन्ति किमु कारणम् ॥ १३.२१८.२२ ॥
O great god, some who are endowed with enjoyments are overwhelmed by disease and become unable to enjoy them: what is the cause of this?
13.218.23
व्याधियोगपरिक्लिष्टा ये निराशाः स्वजविते ।
आरभन्ते तदा कर्तुं दानानि शुभलक्षणम् ॥ १३.२१८.२३ ॥
Those afflicted by the union with disease, who despair of their own lives, then begin to perform auspicious gifts.
13.218.24
ते पुनर्जन्मनि शुभे प्राप्य तानि फलान्युत ।
असमर्थाश्च तान्भोक्तुं व्याधितास्ते भवन्त्युत ॥ १३.२१८.२४ ॥
Having obtained those fruits in an auspicious rebirth, they nevertheless become unable to enjoy them and are afflicted with disease.
13.218.25
भगवन्देवदेवेश मानुषेष्वेव केचन ।
रूपयुक्ताः प्रदृश्यन्ते शुभाङ्गा प्रियदर्शनाः।
केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥ १३.२१८.२५ ॥
O blessed lord, lord of the gods, some among human beings are seen endowed with beauty, with auspicious limbs, pleasing to behold. Through what ripening of action is this so? You ought to tell me that.
13.218.26
हन्त ते कथयिष्यामि शृणु तत्वं समाहिता ॥ १३.२१८.२६ ॥
Well then, I will tell you. Listen to the truth with concentrated mind.
13.218.27
ये पुरा मनुजा देवि लज्जायुक्ताः प्रियंवदाः ।
शक्ताः सुमधुरा नित्यं भूत्वा चैव स्वभावतः ॥ १३.२१८.२७ ॥
O goddess, those human beings who formerly were modest, speaking pleasantly, capable, very sweet, and by nature always so.
13.218.28
अमांसभोजिनश्चैव सदा प्राणिदयायुताः ।
प्रतिकर्मप्रदा वाऽपि वस्त्रदा धर्मकारणात्।
भूमिशुद्धिकरा वाऽपि कारणादग्निपूजकाः ॥ १३.२१८.२८ ॥
Those who never ate flesh, always full of compassion for living beings, who repaid service with service or gave clothing, who purified the ground for the sake of dharma, or who for some reason worshipped fire.
13.218.29
एवं युक्तसमाचाराः पुनर्जन्मनि ते नराः ।
रूपेण स्पृहणीयास्तु भवन्त्येव न संशयः ॥ १३.२१८.२९ ॥
Thus those men of proper conduct, in rebirth, become desirable in beauty; there is no doubt of it.
13.218.30
विरूपाश्च प्रदृश्यन्ते मानुषेष्वेव केचन ।
केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥ १३.२१८.३० ॥
And among human beings some are seen deformed. Through what ripening of action is this so? You ought to tell me that.
13.218.31
तदहं ते प्रवक्ष्यामि शृणु कल्याणि कारणम् ॥ १३.२१८.३१ ॥
Therefore I will tell you the cause. Listen, O auspicious one.
13.218.32
रूपयोगात्पुरा मर्त्या दर्पाहंकारसंयुताः ।
विरूपहासकास्चैव स्तुतिनिन्दादिभिर्भृशम् ॥ १३.२१८.३२ ॥
In former times, mortals, filled with pride and self-conceit through their beauty, mocked the deformed and, with praise and blame and the like, greatly (wounded others).
13.218.33
परोपतापनाश्चैव मांसादाश्च तथैव च ।
अभ्यसूयापराश्चैव अशुद्धाश्च तथा नराः ॥ १३.२१८.३३ ॥
Tormentors of others, eaters of flesh, likewise those intent on envy and fault-finding, and impure men.
13.218.34
एवं युक्तसमाचारा यमलोके सुदण्डिताः ।
कथंचित्प्राप्य मानुष्यं तत्र ते रूपवर्जिताः।
विरूपाः सम्भवन्त्येव नास्ति तत्र विचारणा ॥ १३.२१८.३४ ॥
Having conducted themselves thus, they are severely punished in the world of Yama; then, having somehow obtained human birth, they are born there lacking beauty, deformed indeed. There is no doubt about this.
13.218.35
भगवन्देवदेवेश केचित्सौभाग्यसंयुताः ।
रूपभोग्यविहीनाश्च दृश्यन्ते प्रमदाप्रियाः।
केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥ १३.२१८.३५ ॥
O blessed lord, O lord of gods, some are seen endowed with good fortune, yet lacking beauty and enjoyment, and yet beloved of women. By what fruit of action is this? You ought to declare it to me.
13.218.36
ये पुरा मनुजा देवि सौम्यशीलाः प्रियंवदाः ।
स्वदारैरेव संतुष्टा दारेषु समवृत्तयः ॥ १३.२१८.३६ ॥
Those men of former times, O goddess, who were of gentle disposition and pleasant speech, content with their own wives alone, and even-minded in their conduct toward wives,
13.218.37
दाक्षिण्येनैव वर्तन्ते प्रमदास्वप्रियास्वपि ।
न तु प्रत्यादिशन्त्येव स्त्रीदोषान्गुणसंश्रितान्। ॥ १३.२१८.३७ ॥
Even towards women who are unpleasing, they behave out of courtesy alone; yet they do not truly reject the faults that come bound up with women's virtues.
13.218.38
अन्नपानीयदाः काले नृणां स्वादुप्रदाश्च ये ।
स्वदारवर्तिनश्चैव धृतिमन्तो निरत्ययाः ॥ १३.२१८.३८ ॥
Those who give food and drink to men in due time and provide them with pleasant things, who remain devoted to their own wives, steadfast and blameless.
13.218.39
एवं युक्तसमाचाराः पुनर्जन्मनि शोभने ।
मानुषास्ते भवन्त्येव सततं सुभगा भृशम्।
अर्थादृतेऽपि ते देवि भवन्ति प्रमदाप्रियाः ॥ १३.२१८.३९ ॥
Thus those of proper conduct, in a fair rebirth, always become men of great good fortune. O goddess, even apart from wealth, they are not unloved by women.
13.218.40
दुर्भगाः सम्प्रदृश्यन्ते आढ्या भोगयुता अपि ।
केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥ १३.२१८.४० ॥
Some are seen to be unfortunate even though they are wealthy and endowed with enjoyments. By the ripening of what deed does this come about? You should tell me that.
13.218.41
तदहं ते प्रवक्ष्यामि शृणु सर्वं समाहिता ॥ १३.२१८.४१ ॥
Therefore I will tell you; listen to all of it with a concentrated mind.
13.218.42
ये पुरा मनुजा देवि स्वदारेष्वनपेक्षया ।
यथेष्टवृत्तयश्चैव निर्लज्जा वीतसम्भ्रमाः ॥ १३.२१८.४२ ॥
O goddess, those men of old who, heedless of their own wives, behaved as they pleased, shameless and free from restraint.
13.218.43
परेषां विप्रियकरा वाङ्मनःकायकर्मभिः ।
निराश्रया निरानन्दाः स्त्रीणां हृदयकोपनाः ॥ १३.२१८.४३ ॥
Those who, by their deeds of speech, mind and body, do what is unpleasing to others become without support and joyless, and they cause anger in the hearts of women.
13.218.44
एवं युक्तसमाचाराः पनर्जन्मनि ते नराः ।
दुर्भगास्तु भवन्त्येव स्त्रीणां हृदयविप्रियाः। ॥ १३.२१८.४४ ॥
Thus those men whose conduct is disciplined become unfortunate in rebirth, and are indeed unpleasing to the hearts of women.
13.218.45
नास्ति तेषां रतिसुखं स्वदारेष्वपि किञ्चन ॥ १३.२१८.४५ ॥
For them there is no joy of love at all, not even with their own wives.