Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 13.221
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13.221.1
भगवन्देवदेवेश भूतपाल नमोस्तु ते ।
ह्रस्वाङ्गाश्चैव वक्राङ्गाः कुब्जा वामनकास्तथा ॥ १३.२२१.१ ॥
O blessed lord, god of gods, protector of beings, homage to you. Some are short-limbed, crooked-limbed, hunchbacked, and dwarfish as well.
13.221.2
अपरे मानुषा देव दृश्यन्ते कुणिबाहवः ।
केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥ १३.२२१.२ ॥
O god, other humans are seen with withered arms. By the ripening of what action does that come about? You ought to tell me this.
13.221.3
ये पुरा मनुजा देवि लोभमोहसमन्विताः ।
धान्यमानान्विकुर्वन्ति क्रयविक्रयकारणात् ॥ १३.२२१.३ ॥
O goddess, those people of old, filled with greed and delusion, falsified the grain measures for the sake of buying and selling.
13.221.4
कुलदोषं तदा देवि धृतमानेषु नित्यशः ।
अर्धापकर्षणं चैव सर्वेषां क्रयविक्रये ॥ १३.२२१.४ ॥
O goddess, then there was a fault in their lineage: constantly among those who held the measures, and in buying and selling for everyone, a fault of reducing by half.
13.221.5
अङ्गदोषकरा ये तु परेषां कोपकारणात् ।
मांसादाश्चैव ये मूर्खा अयथावत्प्रथाः सदा ॥ १३.२२१.५ ॥
Those who caused defects of limbs by provoking the anger of others, the foolish flesh-eaters, and those who always followed improper customs.
13.221.6
एवंयुक्तसमाचाराः पुनर्जन्मनि शोभने ।
ह्रस्वाङ्गा वामनाश्चैव कुब्जाश्चैव भवन्ति ते ॥ १३.२२१.६ ॥
Those whose conduct is thus endowed become, in a fair rebirth, short-limbed, dwarfish, and hunchbacked.
13.221.7
भगवन्मानुषाः केचिद्दृश्यन्ते मानुषेषु वै ।
उन्मत्ताश्च पिशाचाश्च पर्यटन्तो यतस्ततः।
केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥ १३.२२१.७ ॥
O blessed one, some among humans are seen as mad and like ghouls, wandering here and there. By what result of action is this, tell me.
13.221.8
ये पुरा मनुजा देवि दर्पाहंकारसंयुताः ।
बहुधा प्रलपन्त्येव हसन्ति च परान्भृशम् ॥ १३.२२१.८ ॥
O goddess, those humans who formerly were full of pride and arrogance babbled in many ways and laughed greatly at others.
13.221.9
मोहयन्ति परान्भोगैर्मदनैर्लोभकारणात् ।
वृद्धान्गुरूंश्च ये मूर्खा वृथैवापहसन्ति च।
शौण्डा विदग्धाः शास्त्रेषु सदैवानृतवादिनः ॥ १३.२२१.९ ॥
Out of greed they deceive others with pleasures and intoxicants; the fools mock elders and teachers in vain; the boastful, who claim to be learned in the scriptures, always speak falsehood.
13.221.10
एवंयुक्तसमाचाराः पुनर्जन्मनि शोभने ।
उन्मत्ताश्च पिशाचाश्च भवन्त्येव न संशयः ॥ १३.२२१.१० ॥
Those of such conduct, O auspicious one, surely become mad and ghouls in their next birth; there is no doubt.
13.221.11
भगवन्मानुषाः केचिन्निरपत्याः सुदुःखिताः ।
यतन्तो न लभन्त्येव अपत्यानि यतस्ततः।
केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥ १३.२२१.११ ॥
O blessed one, some among humans are childless and deeply sorrowful; though they strive, they obtain no offspring from anywhere. By what result of action is this, tell me.
13.221.12
ये पुरा मनुजा देवि सर्वप्राणिषु निर्दयाः ।
घ्नन्ति बालांश्च भुञ्जन्ते मृगाणां पक्षिणामपि ॥ १३.२२१.१२ ॥
O goddess, those humans who formerly were merciless toward all living beings killed even children and ate deer and birds too.
13.221.13
गुरुविद्वेषिणश्चैव परपुत्राभ्यसूयकाः ।
पितृपूजां न कुर्वन्ति यथोक्तां चाष्टकादिभिः ॥ १३.२२१.१३ ॥
Those who hate their teachers and envy other men's sons, do not worship the ancestors as prescribed, with the aṣṭakā rites and the rest.
13.221.14
एवंयुक्तसमाचाराः पुनर्जन्मनि शोभने ।
मानुष्यं वा चिरात्प्राप्य निरपत्या भवन्ति ते।
पुत्रशोकयुताश्चापि नास्ति तत्र विचारणा ॥ १३.२२१.१४ ॥
Those whose conduct is such will, in a fair rebirth, or after a long time obtaining human birth, be childless and also afflicted with grief for sons; there is no doubt about this.
13.221.15
भगवन्मानुषाः केचित्प्रदृश्यन्ते सुदुःखिताः ।
उद्वेगवासनिरताः सोद्वेगाश्च यतव्रताः ॥ १३.२२१.१५ ॥
O Lord, some men are seen to be very much afflicted, devoted to dwelling in anxiety, agitated, yet firm in their vows.
13.221.16
नित्यं शोकसमाविष्टा दुर्गताश्च तथैव च ।
केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥ १३.२२१.१६ ॥
Those who are always seized by grief and likewise in misery, by what result of action are they so? You ought to declare this to me.
13.221.17
ये पुरा मनुजा नित्यमुत्क्रोशनपरायणाः ।
भीषयन्ति परानित्यं विकुर्वन्ति तथैव च ॥ १३.२२१.१७ ॥
Those men who formerly were always intent on loud lamentation, who constantly frightened others, and likewise harmed them.
13.221.18
ऋणवृद्धिकराश्चैव दरिद्रेभ्यो यथेष्टतः ।
ऋणार्थमभिगच्छन्ति सततं वृद्धिरूपकाः ॥ १३.२२१.१८ ॥
Those who increased debt for the poor as much as they wished, and who constantly approached lenders at interest for the sake of debt.
13.221.19
उद्विजन्ते हि तान्दृष्ट्वा धारकाः स्वार्थकारणात् ।
अतिवृद्धिर्न कर्तव्या दरिद्रेभ्यो यथेष्टतः ॥ १३.२२१.१९ ॥
Seeing them, even the creditors become distressed for the sake of their own gain. Excessive interest should not be taken from the poor at one's whim.
13.221.20
ये श्वभिः क्रीडमानाश्च त्रासयन्ति वने मृगान् ।
प्राणिहिंसां तथा देवि कुर्वन्ति च यतस्ततः ॥ १३.२२१.२० ॥
Those who, playing with dogs in the forest, frighten the deer, and, O goddess, likewise commit injury to living beings here and there.
13.221.21
येषां गृहेषु वै श्वानस्त्रासयन्ति वृथा नरान् ।
एवंयुक्तसमाचाराः कालधर्मगताः पुनः ॥ १३.२२१.२१ ॥
In whose houses dogs needlessly frighten people, those whose conduct is of this kind, having gone to the law of time (death), again
13.221.22
पीडिता यमदण्डेन निरयस्थाश्चिरं प्रिये ।
कथञ्चित्प्राप्य मानुष्यं तत्र ते दुःखसंयुताः ॥ १३.२२१.२२ ॥
O beloved, tormented by the rod of Yama and dwelling in hell for a long time, having somehow obtained human birth, they there remain full of suffering.
13.221.23
कुदेशे दुःखभूयिष्ठे व्याघातशतसङ्कुले ।
जायन्ते तत्र शोचन्तः सोद्वेगाश्च यतस्ततः ॥ १३.२२१.२३ ॥
In a bad country abounding in suffering and crowded with hundreds of obstacles they are born there, grieving and agitated here and there.
13.221.24
भगवन्मानुषाः केचिदैश्वर्यज्ञानसंयुताः ।
म्लेच्छभूमिषु दृश्यन्ते म्लेच्छैश्वर्यसमन्विताः।
केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥ १३.२२१.२४ ॥
O blessed lord, some people, endowed with lordship and knowledge, are seen in the lands of barbarians, possessed of the lordship of barbarians. By what fruit of action is this so? You should declare it to me.
13.221.25
ये पुरा मनुजा देवि धनधान्यसमन्विताः ।
अयथावत्प्रयच्छन्ति श्रद्धावर्जितमेव वा ॥ १३.२२१.२५ ॥
O goddess, those men who formerly possessed wealth and grain would give improperly, or only without faith.
13.221.26
अपात्रेभ्यश्च ये दानं शौचमङ्गलवर्जिताः ।
ददत्येव च ये मूर्खाः श्लाघयाऽवज्ञयाऽपि वा ॥ १३.२२१.२६ ॥
Those who give gifts to the unworthy, lacking purity and auspiciousness, and fools who give out of vanity or even out of contempt.
13.221.27
एवंयुक्तसमाचाराः पुनर्जन्मनि शोभने ।
कुदेशे म्लेच्छभूयिष्ठे दुर्गमे वनसंकटे।
म्लेच्छाधिपत्यं सम्प्राप्य जायन्ते तत्रतत्र वै ॥ १३.२२१.२७ ॥
Those whose conduct is thus joined, in a fine rebirth, are born here and there in a bad land, mostly inhabited by barbarians, inaccessible and full of forest dangers, having attained lordship over barbarians.
13.221.28
भगवन्भगनेत्रघ्न मानुषेषु च केचन ।
क्लीबा नपुंसकाश्चैव दृश्यन्ते षण्डकास्तथा ॥ १३.२२१.२८ ॥
O blessed lord, destroyer of Bhaga's eyes, among humans too some are seen to be impotent, eunuchs, and neuters.
13.221.29
नीचकर्मरता नीचा नीचसक्यास्तथा भुवि ।
केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥ १३.२२१.२९ ॥
On earth there are also those who delight in base deeds, base people, and those with base companions. By what fruition of karma does this come about? You ought to tell me.
13.221.30
तदहं ते प्रवक्ष्यामि शृणु कल्याणि कारणम् ॥ १३.२२१.३० ॥
Therefore I shall tell you the cause. Listen, O auspicious one.
13.221.31
ये पुरा मनुजा भूत्वा घोरकर्मरतास्तथा ।
पशुपंस्त्वोपगातेन जीवन्ति च रमन्ति च ॥ १३.२२१.३१ ॥
Those who in former times, having been men and delighting in terrible deeds, obtain the manhood of animals, live and take their pleasure.
13.221.32
पुंस्त्वोपघातिनश्चैव नराणां कोपकारणात् ।
ये धूर्ताः स्त्रीषु गच्छन्ति अयथावद्यथेष्टतः ॥ १३.२२१.३२ ॥
Those who destroy manhood and cause the anger of men, and the deceitful ones who go to women improperly and at will.
13.221.33
कामविघ्नकरा ये तु द्वेषपैशुन्यकारणात् ।
एवंयुक्तसमाचाराः कालधर्मं गतास्तु ते।
दण्डिता यमदण्डेन निरयस्थाश्चिरं प्रिये ॥ १३.२२१.३३ ॥
Those who obstruct desire out of hatred and slander, whose conduct is such — having met the fate of time, punished by Yama's rod, they dwell long in hell, O beloved.
13.221.34
यदि चेन्मानुषं जन्म लभेरंस्ते तथाविधाः ।
क्लीबा वर्षवराश्चैव षण्डकाश्च भवन्ति ते ॥ १३.२२१.३४ ॥
If they obtain a human birth again, being such, they become impotent, sexually weak men, and eunuchs.
13.221.35
नीचकर्मपरा लोके निर्लज्जा वीतसम्भ्रमाः ।
परान्दीनान्बहिष्कृत्य ते भवन्ति स्वकर्मणा ॥ १३.२२१.३५ ॥
Those devoted to base deeds in the world, shameless and free of concern for honour, casting out others and the humble — by their own deeds they become such.
13.221.36
यदि चेत्सम्प्रपश्येरंस्ते मुच्यन्ते हि कल्मषात् ।
अत्रापि ते प्रमाद्येयुः पतन्ति नरकालये ॥ १३.२२१.३६ ॥
If they should see rightly, they are indeed freed from sin; but if they are negligent even here, they fall into the abode of hell.
13.221.37
स्त्रीणामपि तथा देवि यथा पुंसां तु कर्मजम् ।
इति ते कथितं देवि भूयः श्रोतुं किमिच्छसि ॥ १३.२२१.३७ ॥
O goddess, as it is for men, so too for women, what arises from action. Thus has it been told to you, O goddess. What more do you wish to hear?