Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 13.229
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13.229.1
भगवन्सर्वलोकेश त्रिपुरार्दन शङ्कर ।
कीदृशा यमदण्डास्ते कीदृशाः परिचारकाः ॥ १३.२२९.१ ॥
O blessed lord, lord of all worlds, destroyer of Tripura, Śaṅkara! What kind are Yama's rods, and what kind are his attendants?
13.229.2
कथं मृतास्ते गच्छन्ति प्राणिनो यमसादनम् ।
कीदृशं भवनं तस्य कथं दण्डयति प्रजाः।
एतत्सर्वं महादेव श्रोतुमिच्छाम्यहं प्रभो ॥ १३.२२९.२ ॥
How do the dead, these living beings, go to Yama's abode? What kind is his dwelling, and how does he punish creatures? O great god, O lord, I wish to hear all this.
13.229.3
शृणु कल्याणि तत्सर्वं यत्ते देवि मनःप्रियम् ।
दक्षिणस्यां दिशि शुभे यमस्य सदनं महत् ॥ १३.२२९.३ ॥
Listen, O auspicious one, to all that is dear to your heart, O goddess, O fair one. In the southern direction is the great abode of Yama.
13.229.4
विचित्रं रमणीयं च नानाभावसमन्वितम् ।
पितृभिः प्रेतसङ्घैश्च यमदूतैश्च सन्ततम् ॥ १३.२२९.४ ॥
It is wondrous and delightful, endowed with many aspects, constantly filled with the ancestors, hosts of departed spirits, and Yama's messengers.
13.229.5
प्राणिसङ्घैश्च बहुभिः कर्मवश्यैश्च पूरितम् ।
तत्रास्ते दण्डयन्नित्यं यमो लोकहिते रतः ॥ १३.२२९.५ ॥
It is filled with many hosts of living beings subject to their deeds. There Yama dwells, always punishing, delighting in the welfare of the worlds.
13.229.6
मायया सततं वेत्ति प्राणिनां यच्छुभाशुभम् ।
मायया संहरंस्तत्र प्राणिसङ्घान्यतस्ततः ॥ १३.२२९.६ ॥
By his illusory power he always knows the good and evil of living beings; by illusion he gathers the hosts of creatures here and there.
13.229.7
तस्य मायामयाः पाशा न वेद्यन्ते सुरासुरैः ।
को हि मानुषमात्रस्तु देवस्य चरितं महत् ॥ १३.२२९.७ ॥
His snares, made of illusion, are not known even to gods and demons. What mere mortal could know the great conduct of the god?
13.229.8
एवं संवसतस्तस्य यमस्य परिचारकाः ।
गृहीत्वा सन्नयन्त्येव प्राणिनः क्षीणकर्मणः।
यन केनापदेशेन त्वपदेशसमुद्भवाः ॥ १३.२२९.८ ॥
Thus, dwelling in Yama's service, his attendants seize living beings whose deeds are spent and lead them away. Arising from some pretext, they come by one or another means.
13.229.9
कर्मणा प्राणिनो लोके उत्तमाधममध्यमाः ।
यथार्हं तान्समादाय नयन्ति यमसादनम् ॥ १३.२२९.९ ॥
In the world, living beings are best, worst, or middling according to their deeds. Taking each as is fitting, they lead them to Yama's abode.
13.229.10
धार्मिकानुत्तमान्विद्धि स्वर्गिणस्ते यथाऽमराः ।
त्रिषु जन्म लभन्ते ये कर्मणा मध्यमाः स्मृताः।
तिर्यङनरकगन्तारो ह्यधमास्ते नराधमाः ॥ १३.२२९.१० ॥
Know the righteous to be the best; they dwell in heaven like the immortals. Those called middling by their deeds obtain birth in three ways. Those who go to the animal realm and to hell are the lowest, the lowest of men.
13.229.11
पन्थानस्त्रिविधा दृष्टाः सर्वेषां गतजीविनाम् ।
रमणीयं निराबाधं दुर्दर्शमिति नामतः ॥ १३.२२९.११ ॥
For all who have departed life, three kinds of paths have been seen, named by their nature: the pleasant, the unobstructed, and the hard to see.
13.229.12
रमणीयं तु यन्मार्गं पताकाध्वजसङ्कुलम् ।
धूपितं सिक्तसंमृष्टं पुष्पमालाभिसङ्कुलम् ॥ १३.२२९.१२ ॥
That pleasant path is crowded with pennants and banners, fragrant with incense, sprinkled and swept clean, and thronged with garlands of flowers.
13.229.13
मनोहरं सुखस्पर्शं गच्छतामेव तद्भवेत् ।
निराबाधं यथालोकं सुप्रशस्तं कृतं भवेत् ॥ १३.२२९.१३ ॥
That path, pleasing and pleasant to the touch, would be free of obstruction for those who walk it, and would be made excellently, as far as the eye can see.
13.229.14
तृतीयं यत्तु दुर्दर्शं दुर्गन्धि तमसा वृतम् ।
परुषं शर्कराकीर्णं श्वदंष्ट्राबहुलं भृशम्।
किमिकीटसमाकीर्णं भजतामतिदुर्गमम् ॥ १३.२२९.१४ ॥
The third path, dreadful to behold, foul-smelling and shrouded in darkness, rough, strewn with gravel, thick with dog-fang thorns, and crowded with worms and insects, is exceedingly difficult to traverse for those who go along it.
13.229.15
मार्गैरेवं त्रिभिर्नित्यमुत्तमाधममध्यमान् ।
सन्नयन्ति यथा काले तन्मे शृणु शुचिस्मिते ॥ १३.२२९.१५ ॥
By these three paths they always lead the best, the worst and the middling in due time. Hear that from me, O bright-smiling one.
13.229.16
उत्तमानन्तकाले तु यमदूताः सुसंवृताः ।
नयन्ति सुखमादाय रमणीयपथेन वै ॥ १३.२२९.१६ ॥
But at the end of life the messengers of Yama, well-arrayed, take up the best with ease and lead them indeed along the pleasing path.
13.229.17
भगवंस्तत्र चात्मानं त्यक्तदेहं निराश्रयम् ।
अदृश्यं कथमादाय सन्नयन्ति यमान्तिकम् ॥ १३.२२९.१७ ॥
O blessed lord, how do the messengers of Yama take up the self there, its body abandoned and without support, invisible, and lead it into Yama's presence?
13.229.18
शृणु भामिनि तत्स्रवं त्रिविधं देहकारणम् ।
कर्मवश्यं भोगवश्यं दुःखवश्यमिति प्रिये ॥ १३.२२९.१८ ॥
Hear it, O lady: the cause of the body is threefold, subject to action, subject to enjoyment, and subject to suffering, so, O beloved.
13.229.19
मानुषं कर्मवश्यं स्याद्द्वितीयं भोगसाधनम् ।
तृतीयं यातनावश्यं शरीरं मायया कृतम्।
यमलोके न चान्यत्र दृश्यते यातनायुतम् ॥ १३.२२९.१९ ॥
The human body is subject to karma; the second is the means of enjoyment; the third is subject to torment; this body is made by illusion. Nowhere but in the world of Yama is a body full of torment seen.
13.229.20
शरीरैर्यातनावश्यैर्जीवानामुच्य भामिनि ।
नयन्ति यामिकास्तत्र प्राणिनो मायया मृतान् ॥ १३.२२९.२० ॥
O lady, living beings are led there together with those bodies subject to torment; there Yama's attendants lead away the dead, who were made dead by illusion.
13.229.21
मध्यमान्योधवेषेण मध्यमेन पथा तथा ॥ १३.२२९.२१ ॥
The middling ones are led in the guise of warriors, by the middle path, likewise.
13.229.22
चण्डालवेषास्त्वधमान्गृहीत्वा भर्त्सतर्जनैः ।
आकर्षन्तस्तथा पाशैर्दुर्दर्शेन नयन्ति तान् ॥ १३.२२९.२२ ॥
But those in the guise of outcastes seize the lowest ones, with reproaches and threats, dragging them with nooses, and lead them away in a terrible manner.
13.229.23
त्रिविधानेवमादाय नयन्ति यमसादनम् ।
धर्मासनगतं दक्षं भ्राजमानं स्वतेजसा ॥ १३.२२९.२३ ॥
Thus taking away the three kinds, they lead them to the abode of Yama, where Yama, the skilful one, seated on the seat of Dharma, shines with his own splendour.
13.229.24
लोकपालं सहाध्यक्षं तथैव परिषद्गतम् ।
दर्शयन्ति महाभागे यामिकास्तं निवेद्य ते
पूजयन्दण्डयन्कांश्चित्तेषां शृण्वञ्शुभाशुभम् ।
व्याहृतो बहुसाहस्रैस्तत्रास्ते सततं यमः ॥ १३.२२९.२४ ॥
O greatly fortunate one, Yama's attendants announce and show him, the guardian of the worlds, seated in the assembly with his overseers. They honour some and punish others; hearing the good and bad deeds of these, Yama dwells there constantly, addressed by many thousands.
13.229.26
गतानां तु यमस्तेषामुत्तमानभिपूजया ।
अभिसङ्गृह्य विधिवत्पृष्ट्वा स्वागतकौशलम्।
प्रस्तुत्य तत्कृतं तेषां लोकं संदिशते यमः ॥ १३.२२९.२६ ॥
Yama, having honored the best of the dead and received them duly, asking after their welfare, reciting the deeds they had done, directs them to a world.
13.229.27
यमेनैवमनुज्ञाता यान्ति पश्चात्त्रिविष्टपम् ॥ १३.२२९.२७ ॥
Thus permitted by Yama, they afterward go to the three heavens.
13.229.28
मध्यमानां यमस्तेषां श्रुत्वा कर्म यथातथम् ।
जायन्तां मानुषेष्वेव इति संदिशते च तान् ॥ १३.२२९.२८ ॥
Having heard the deeds of the middling ones exactly as they were, Yama directs them: 'Let them be born among human beings.'
13.229.29
अधमान्पाशसंयुक्तान्यमो नावेक्षते गतान् ।
यमस्य पुरुषा घोराश्चण्डालसमदर्शनाः।
यातनाः प्रापयन्त्येताँल्लोकपालस्य शासनात् ॥ १३.२२९.२९ ॥
Yama does not look upon the lowest ones, bound with nooses. Yama's terrible attendants, who look like outcastes, inflict torments on them by the command of the world-guardian.
13.229.30
भिन्दन्तश्च तुदन्तश्च प्रकर्षन्तो यतस्ततः ।
क्रोशन्तः पातयन्त्येतान्मिथो गर्तेष्ववाङ्मुखान् ॥ १३.२२९.३० ॥
Piercing, striking, dragging them hither and thither, shouting, they cast these down face-first into pits, one upon another.
13.229.31
संयामिन्यः शिलास्तेषां पतन्ति शिरसि प्रिये ।
अयोमुखाः कङ्कवला भक्षयन्ति सुदारुणाः ॥ १३.२२९.३१ ॥
O beloved, stones from Saṃyāminī fall upon their heads; iron-faced kaṅka birds, most cruel, devour them.
13.229.32
असिपत्रवने घोरे चारयन्ति तथा परान् ।
तीक्ष्णदंष्ट्रास्तथा श्वानः कांश्चित्तत्र ह्यदन्ति वै ॥ १३.२२९.३२ ॥
In the terrible forest of sword-leaves they make others wander, and there fierce-fanged dogs devour some of them.
13.229.33
तत्र वैतरणी नाम नदी ग्राहसमाकुला ।
दुष्प्रवेशा च घोरा च मूत्रशोणितवाहिनी।
तस्यां सम्मज्जयन्त्येते तृषितान्पाययन्ति तान् ॥ १३.२२९.३३ ॥
There is a river named Vaitaraṇī, full of crocodiles, hard to enter, terrible, carrying urine and blood. In it they plunge the thirsty and make them drink that very water.
13.229.34
आरोपयन्ति वै कांश्चित्तत्र कण्टकशल्मलीम् ।
यन्त्रचक्रेषु तिलवत्पीड्यन्ते तत्र केचन ॥ १३.२२९.३४ ॥
There they make some climb the thorny śālmalī tree, and there some are crushed like sesame seeds in the wheels of machines.
13.229.35
अङ्गरेषु च दह्यन्ते तथा दुष्कृतकारिणः ।
कुम्भीपाकेषु पच्यन्ते पच्यन्ते सिकतासु वै ॥ १३.२२९.३५ ॥
Evildoers are burned on beds of glowing coals, cooked in the kumbhī-pāka pots, and they are cooked on the sand.
13.229.36
पाट्यन्ते तरुवच्छस्त्रैः पापिनः क्रकचादिभिः ।
भिद्यन्ते भागशः शूलैस्तुद्यन्ते सूक्ष्मसूचिभिः ॥ १३.२२९.३६ ॥
Sinners are split like trees with saws and other weapons, pierced in pieces with stakes, and pricked with fine needles.
13.229.37
एवं त्वया कृतं दोषं तदर्थं दण्डनं त्विति ।
वाचैव घोषयन्ति स्म दण्डमानाः समन्ततः ॥ १३.२२९.३७ ॥
"You committed this fault, and this is the punishment for it" — thus, being punished on all sides, they proclaim it with words alone.
13.229.38
एवं ते यातनां प्राप्य शरीरैर्यातनाशयैः ।
प्रसहन्तश्च तद्दुःखं स्मरन्तः स्वापराधजम् ॥ १३.२२९.३८ ॥
Thus, having received torment, enduring that suffering with bodies fit for torment, remembering what was born of their own offence.
13.229.39
क्रोशन्तश्च रुद्रन्तश्च न मुच्यन्ते कथञ्चन ।
स्मरन्तस्तत्र तप्यन्ते पापमात्मकृतं भृशम् ॥ १३.२२९.३९ ॥
Though they cry out and weep, they are in no way released; there, remembering the evil they themselves did, they suffer greatly.
13.229.40
एवं बहुविधा दण्डा भुज्यन्ते पापकारिभिः ।
यातनाभिश्च पच्यन्ते नरकेषु पुनः पुनः ॥ १३.२२९.४० ॥
Thus evildoers undergo many kinds of punishment, and in the hells they are cooked again and again by torments.
13.229.41
अपरे यातनां भुक्त्वा मुच्यन्ते तत्र किल्बिषात् ।
पापदोषक्षयकरा यातनाः संस्मृता नृणाम्।
बहुतप्तं यथा लोहममलं तत्तथा भवेत् ॥ १३.२२९.४१ ॥
Others, having undergone torment there, are freed from their guilt. Torments that destroy the sin and fault of men are thus recalled; just as iron heated well becomes pure, so it becomes.