Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 13.263
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13.263.1
ब्राह्मणानर्चसे राजन्सततं संशितव्रतान् ।
कं तु धर्मोदयं दृष्ट्वा तानर्चसि जनाधिप ॥ १३.२६३.१ ॥
O king, you constantly honour brahmins of firm vows. O lord of the people, having seen what rise of dharma do you honour them?
13.263.2
कां वा ब्राह्मणपूजायां व्युष्टिं दृष्ट्वा महाव्रत ।
तानर्चसि महाबाहो सर्वमेतद्वदस्व मे ॥ १३.२६३.२ ॥
O great-vowed one, in the worship of brahmins, what fruit have you seen that you honour them? O mighty-armed one, tell me all of this.
13.263.3
एष ते केशवः सर्वमाख्यास्यति महामतिः ।
व्युष्टिं ब्राह्मणपूजायां दृष्ट्वा व्युष्टिं महाव्रत ॥ १३.२६३.३ ॥
This great-minded Keśava will tell you all. O great-vowed one, having seen the result in the worship of brahmins, he will explain it.
13.263.4
बलं श्रोत्रे वाङ्मनश्चक्षुषी च ।
ज्ञानं तथा नविशुद्धं ममाद्य।
देहन्यासो नातिचिरान्मतो मे ।
न चातितूर्णं सविताऽद्य याति ॥ १३.२६३.४ ॥
My strength, my ears, speech, mind, eyes and knowledge are not clear today. I think the laying down of my body will not be long delayed, and today the sun is not moving too swiftly.
13.263.5
उक्ता धर्मा ये पुराणे महान्तो ।
राजन्विप्राणां क्षत्रियाणां विशां च।
येये शूद्राणां धर्ममुपासते ते ।
तानेव कृष्णदुपशिक्षस्व पार्थः ॥ १३.२६३.५ ॥
O king, the dharmas declared in the ancient lore by the great ones, and the dharmas which brahmins, kshatriyas, vaishyas and shudras follow — O Pārtha, learn these from Kṛṣṇa.
13.263.6
अहं ह्येनं वेद्मि तत्त्वेन कृष्णं ।
योऽयं हि यच्चास्य बलं पुराणम्।
अमेयात्मा केशवः कौरवेन्द्र ।
सोयं धर्मं वक्ष्यति सर्वमेतत् ॥ १३.२६३.६ ॥
I know this Kṛṣṇa in truth, and his ancient strength. O lord of the Kurus, Keśava of immeasurable self will expound all this dharma.
13.263.7
कृष्णः पृथ्वीमसृजत्स्वं दिवं च ।
कृष्णस्यि देहान्मेदिनी सम्बभूव।
वराहोऽयं भीमबलः पुराणः ।
स पर्वतान्व्यसृजद्वै दिशश्च ॥ १३.२६३.७ ॥
Kṛṣṇa created the earth and his own heaven; from Kṛṣṇa's body the earth Medinī came into being. This ancient Boar of terrible strength emitted the mountains and the directions.
13.263.8
अस्माद्वायुश्चान्तरिक्षं दिवं च ।
दिशश्चतस्रो विदिशश्चतस्रः।
सृष्टिस्तथैवेयमनुप्रसूता ।
स निर्ममे विश्वमिदं पुराणः ॥ १३.२६३.८ ॥
From this came wind, the atmosphere and heaven, the four directions and the four intermediate directions. In this way this creation came forth in succession. That ancient one fashioned this whole universe.
13.263.9
अस्य नाभ्यां पुष्करं सम्प्रसूतं ।
यत्रोत्पन्नः स्वयमेवामितौजाः।
येनाच्छिन्नं तत्तमः पार्थ घोरं ।
यत्र तिष्ठन्त्यर्णवास्तच्छयानाः ॥ १३.२६३.९ ॥
From his navel sprang a lotus, in which the one of immeasurable power was himself born. By him that dreadful darkness was cut away, O Pārtha; where the oceans rest, lying upon him.
13.263.10
कृते युगे धर्म आसीत्समग्र-
स्त्रेताकाले यज्ञमनुप्रपन्नः।
बलं त्वासीद्द्वापरे पार्थ कृष्णः ।
कलौ त्वधर्मः क्षितिमेवाजगाम ॥ १३.२६३.१० ॥
In the Kṛta age dharma was complete; in the Tretā it took refuge in sacrifice. O Pārtha, in the Dvāpara there was strength; but in the Kali age adharma came upon the earth.
13.263.11
स एव पूर्वं निजघान दैत्या-
न्स एव देवश्च बभूव सम्राट्।
स भूतानां भावनो भूतभव्यः ।
स विश्वस्यास्य जगतश्चाभिगोप्ताः ॥ १३.२६३.११ ॥
He it was who long ago slew the Daityas; he it was who became god and supreme sovereign. He is the begetter of beings, the past and the future; he is the protector of this whole universe and world.
13.263.12
यदा धर्मो ग्लाति वंशे सुराणां ।
तदा कृष्णो जायते मानुषेषु।
धर्मे स्थित्वा स तु वै भावितात्मा ।
परांश्च लोकानपराश्च पाति ॥ १३.२६३.१२ ॥
When dharma declines in the lineage of the gods, then Kṛṣṇa is born among men. Standing firm in dharma, that purified self truly protects both the higher and the lower worlds.
13.263.13
त्याज्यांस्त्यक्त्वा चासुराणां वधेन ।
कार्याकार्ये कारणं चैव पाति।
कृतं करिष्यत्क्रियते च देवो ।
राहुं सोमं विद्धि च शक्रमेनम् ॥ १३.२६३.१३ ॥
Having slain the asuras and abandoned what must be abandoned, he protects as the cause of what is to be done and what is not. What has been done, what will be done, and what is being done is god; know him as Rāhu, Soma, and Śakra.
13.263.14
स विश्वकर्मा स हि विश्वरूपः ।
स विश्वबुग्विश्वसृग्विश्वजिच्च।
स शूलभृच्छोणितभृत्कराल-
स्तं कर्मभिर्विदितं वै स्तुवन्ति ॥ १३.२६३.१४ ॥
He is Viśvakarmā, he is indeed of all forms. He knows all, creates all, conquers all; he bears the trident, bears blood, and is fearsome. Known by his deeds, him people indeed praise.
13.263.15
तं गन्धर्वाणामप्सरसां च नित्य-
मुपतिष्ठन्ते विबुधानां शतानि।
तं राक्षसाश्च परिसंवदन्ति ।
राजन्यानां स विजिगीषुरेकः ॥ १३.२६३.१५ ॥
Gandharvas and apsarases, and hundreds of companies of gods, constantly attend upon him. Rākṣasas also speak of him; among kings he alone is desirous of conquest.
13.263.16
तमध्वरे शंसितारः स्तुवन्ति ।
रथन्तरे सामगाश्च स्तुवन्ति।
तं ब्राह्मणा ब्रह्ममन्त्रैः स्तुवन्ति ।
तस्मै हविरध्वर्यवः कल्पयन्ति ॥ १३.२६३.१६ ॥
At the sacrifice the reciters of praise extol him; in the Rathantara chant the Sāma-singers also praise him. The brahmins praise him with sacred Vedic mantras; the adhvaryu priests prepare the oblation for him.
13.263.17
स पौराणीं ब्रह्मगुहां प्रविष्टो ।
महीसत्रं भारताग्रे ददर्श।
स चैव गामुद्दधाराग्र्यकर्मा ।
विक्षोभ्य दैत्यानुरगान्दानवांश्च ॥ १३.२६३.१७ ॥
He entered the ancient cave of Brahman and beheld the earth-sacrifice, foremost among the Bhāratas. That one of supreme deeds lifted up the earth, and, shaking the daityas, the serpents and the dānavas,
13.263.18
तं घोषार्थे गीर्भिरिन्द्राः स्तुवन्ति ।
स चापीशो भारतैकः पशूनाम्।
तस्य भक्षान्विविधान्वेदयन्ति ।
तमेवाजौ वाहनं वेदयन्ति ॥ १३.२६३.१८ ॥
For the sake of the cattle-settlement the Indras praise him with hymns. He is the lord of cattle, the one unique Bhārata; his various foods are proclaimed, and in battle he is known as the very vehicle.
13.263.19
तस्यान्तरिक्षं पृथिवी दिवं च ।
सर्वं वशे तिष्ठति शाश्वतस्य।
स कुम्भे रेतः ससृजे सुराणां ।
यत्रोत्पन्नमृषिमाहुर्वसिष्ठम् ॥ १३.२६३.१९ ॥
Under the control of that eternal one stand the sky, the earth, heaven, and all things. He poured out the seed of the gods into a pot, and the sage born there is called Vasiṣṭha.
13.263.20
स मातरिश्वा विभुरश्ववाजी ।
स रश्मिवान्सविता चादिदेवः।
तेनासुरा विजिताः सर्व एव ।
तद्विक्रान्तैर्विजितानीह त्रीणि ॥ १३.२६३.२० ॥
He is Mātariśvan, the all-pervading, swift as a steed; he is the ray-bearing Savitṛ and the first god. By him all the asuras were conquered, and by his prowess the three worlds were conquered here.
13.263.21
स देवानां मानुषाणां पितॄणां ।
तमेवाहुर्यज्ञविदां वितानम्।
स एव कालं विभजन्नुदेति ।
तस्योत्तरं दक्षिणं चायने द्वे ॥ १३.२६३.२१ ॥
He belongs to the gods, to humans, and to the ancestors; those who know the sacrifice call him the sacrificial canopy. He rises dividing time; his two paths are the northern and the southern course.
13.263.22
तस्यैवोर्ध्वं तिर्यगधश्चरन्ति ।
गभस्तयो मेदिनीं भासयन्तः।
तं ब्राह्मणा वेदविदो जुषन्ति ।
तस्यादित्यो गामुपयुज्य भाति ॥ १३.२६३.२२ ॥
His rays move upward, sideways and downward, lighting the earth. The brahmins who know the Veda honour him; his Āditya shines, joined to the earth.
13.263.23
स मासिमास्यध्वरकृद्विधत्ते ।
तमध्वरे वेदविदः पठन्ति।
स एवोक्तश्चक्रमिदं त्रिनाभि ।
सप्ताश्वयुक्तं वहते वै त्रिधामा ॥ १३.२६३.२३ ॥
He is the one who ordains the sacrifice month by month, and those who know the Veda recite him at the sacrifice. He is called this three-naved wheel, which he carries yoked to seven horses — he is the three-abodes one.
13.263.24
कृष्णं सदा पार्थ कर्तारमेहि ॥ १३.२६३.२४ ॥
Pārtha, always regarding Kṛṣṇa as the doer, come to him.
13.263.25
स एकदा कक्षगतो महात्मा ।
तुष्टो विभुः खाण्डवे धूमकेतुः।
स राक्षसानुरगांश्चावजित्य ।
सर्वत्रगः सर्वमग्नौ जुहोति ॥ १३.२६३.२५ ॥
Once that great-souled one entered the thicket; pleased, the all-pervading smoke-bannered one (Agni), having conquered the rākṣasas and serpents in the Khāṇḍava, moving everywhere, offers everything into the fire.
13.263.26
स एव पार्थाय श्वेतमश्वं प्रायच्छ-
त्स एवाश्वानथ सर्वांश्चकार।
सबन्धुरस्तस्य रथस्त्रिचक्र-
स्त्रिवृच्छिराश्चतुरश्वस्त्रिनाभिः ॥ १३.२६३.२६ ॥
He himself gave the white horse to Pārtha, and he himself made all the horses. His chariot had three wheels, a threefold top, four horses, and three hubs, with its yoke-strap.
13.263.27
स विहायो व्यदधात्पञ्चनाभिः ।
स निर्ममे गां दिवमन्तरिक्षम्।
सोऽरण्यानि व्यसृजत्पर्वतांश्च ।
हृषीकेशोऽमितदीप्ताग्नितेजाः ॥ १३.२६३.२७ ॥
He established the sky with five hubs; he created the earth, heaven and the atmosphere. He set forth the forests and the mountains; he is Hṛṣīkeśa, of immeasurable blazing fire-splendor.
13.263.28
अलङ्घयद्वै सरितो जिघांस-
ञ्शक्रं वज्रं प्रहरन्तं निरास।
स महेन्द्रः स्तूयते वै महाध्वरे ।
विप्रैरेको ऋक्सहस्रैः पुराणैः ॥ १३.२६३.२८ ॥
He crossed the rivers, desiring to slay Śakra, who was striking with the thunderbolt; he drove him away. That great Indra alone is praised at the great sacrifice by the brahmins with thousands of ṛk verses and the ancient hymns.
13.263.29
दुर्वासा वै तेन नान्येन शक्यो ।
गृहे राजन्वासयितुं महौजाः।
तमेवाहुर्ऋषिमेकं पुराणं ।
स विश्वकृद्विदधात्यात्मभावान् ॥ १३.२६३.२९ ॥
O king, Durvāsas cannot be made to dwell in a house by any other than him; he is of great might. They call him the one ancient sage; that creator of the universe establishes his own states of being.
13.263.30
वेदांश्च यो वेदयतेऽधिदेवो ।
विधींश्च यश्चाश्रयते पुराणान्।
कामे वेदे लौकिके यत्फलं च ।
विष्वक्सेनः सर्वमेतत्प्रतीहि ॥ १३.२६३.३० ॥
The supreme god who makes the Vedas known, and who rests upon the ancient rules; whatever fruit there is in desire, in the Veda, and in worldly life — that is Viṣvaksena. Understand all of this.
13.263.31
ज्योतींषि शुक्लानि हि सर्वलोके ।
त्रयो लोका लोकपालास्त्रयश्च।
त्रयोऽग्रयो व्याहृतयश्च तिस्रः ।
सर्वे देवा देवकीपुत्र एव ॥ १३.२६३.३१ ॥
In all the worlds there are pure lights: three worlds, three world-guardians, three foremost ones, and three utterances — all these gods are none other than the son of Devakī.
13.263.32
स क्त्सरः स ऋतुः सोऽर्धमासः ।
सोऽहोरात्रः स कला वै स काष्ठाः।
मात्रा मुहूर्ताश्च लवाः क्षणाश्च ।
विष्वक्सेनः सर्वमेतत्प्रतीहि ॥ १३.२६३.३२ ॥
He is the year, he is the season, he is the fortnight; he is day and night, he is the kalās and the kāṣṭhās. The measures, the muhūrtas, the instants and moments are also he — know that Viṣvaksena is all of this.
13.263.33
चन्द्रादित्यौ ग्रहनक्षत्रताराः ।
सर्वाणि दर्शान्यथ पौर्णमासम्।
चन्द्रादित्यौ ग्रहनक्षत्रताराः ।
सर्वाणि दर्शान्यथ पौर्णमासम्। ॥ १३.२६३.३३ ॥
The moon and sun, the planets, constellations and stars; all the new-moon rites and then the full-moon rite — the moon and sun, the planets, constellations and stars; all the new-moon rites and then the full-moon rite.
13.263.34
सर्व कृष्णादृषयश्चैव सप्त ॥ १३.२६३.३४ ॥
All things come from Kṛṣṇa — the seers, and indeed the seven.
13.263.35
वायुर्भूत्वा विक्षिपते च विश्व-
मग्निर्भूत्वा दहते विश्वरूपः।
आपो भूत्वा मज्जयते च सर्वं ।
ब्रह्म भूत्वा सृजते विश्वसङ्घान् ॥ १३.२६३.३५ ॥
Becoming the wind, he scatters the universe; becoming the fire of all forms, he burns; becoming the water, he submerges all; becoming Brahman, he creates the assemblies of the universe.
13.263.36
वेद्यं च यद्वेदयते च वेद्यं ।
विधिश्च यश्च श्रयते विधेयम्।
धर्मे च वेदे च बले च सर्वं ।
चराचरं केशवं त्वं प्रतीहि ॥ १३.२६३.३६ ॥
He who makes the knowable known, and who is himself the knowable; he who is the rule and resorts to what is to be enjoined; in dharma, in the Veda and in strength, all that moves and does not move — know that as Keśava.
13.263.37
ज्योतिर्भूतः परमोसौ पुरस्ता-
त्प्रकाशते यत्प्रभया विश्वरूपः।
अपः सृष्ट्वा सर्वभूतात्मयोनिः ।
पुराऽकरोत्सर्वमेवाथ विश्वम् ॥ १३.२६३.३७ ॥
Having become light, that supreme one shines forth in front, by whose radiance the all-formed universe gleams. Having created the waters, he who is the source of the self of all beings made the whole universe in former times.
13.263.38
ऋतूनुत्पातान्विविधान्यद्भुतानि ।
मेघान्विद्युत्सर्वमैरावतं च।
सर्वं कृष्णात्स्थावरं जङ्गं च ।
विश्वात्मानं विष्णुमेनं प्रतीहि ॥ १३.२६३.३८ ॥
The seasons, the various portents and wonders, the clouds, the lightning, everything, and Airāvata; from Kṛṣṇa comes all that is immovable and movable. Know this Viṣṇu as the self of the universe.
13.263.39
विश्वावासं निर्गुणं वासुदेवं ।
सङ्कर्षणं जीवभूतं वदन्ति।
ततः प्रद्युम्नमनिरुद्धं चतुर्थ-
माज्ञापयत्यात्मयोनिर्महात्मा ॥ १३.२६३.३९ ॥
They call Vāsudeva, the dwelling of the universe and without qualities, Saṅkarṣaṇa become the living being. Then the great soul, self-born, ordained Pradyumna and, fourth, Aniruddha.
13.263.40
स पञ्चधा पञ्चगुणोपपन्नं ।
सञ्चोदयन्विश्वमिदं सिसृक्षुः।
ततश्चकारावनिमारुतौ च ।
खं ज्योतिरम्भश्चि तथैव पार्थ ॥ १३.२६३.४० ॥
Fivefold, endowed with the five qualities, he who impels this universe, desiring to create, then made earth and wind, and space, light and water likewise, O Pārtha.
13.263.41
स स्थावरं जङ्गमं चैवमेत-
च्चतुर्विधं लोकमिमं च कृत्वा।
ततो भूमिं व्यदधात्पञ्चबीजां ।
द्यावापृथिव्यग्निरथाम्बुवायू ॥ १३.२६३.४१ ॥
Having made this fourfold world of the immobile and the mobile, he then established the earth with its five seeds, and heaven and earth, fire, the chariot-wheel, water and wind.
13.263.42
न्सर्वान्सदा भूतपतिः सिसृक्षुः ॥ १३.२६३.४२ ॥
…always, the lord of beings, desiring to create…
13.263.43
शुभाशुभं स्थावरं जङ्गमं च ।
विष्वक्सेनात्सर्वमेतत्प्रतीहि।
यद्वर्तते यच्च भविष्यतीह ।
सर्वं ह्येतत्केशवं त्वं प्रतीहि ॥ १३.२६३.४३ ॥
Know that all this, the auspicious and the inauspicious, the immobile and the mobile, comes from Viṣvaksena. Know that whatever exists here and whatever will exist here is all Keśava's.
13.263.44
मृत्युश्चैव प्राणिनामन्तकाले ।
साक्षात्कृष्णः केशवो देहभाजाम्।
भूतं च यच्चेह न विद्म किञ्चि-
द्विष्वक्सेनात्सर्वमेतत्प्रतीहि ॥ १३.२६३.४४ ॥
Death too, at the end-time of living beings, is directly Kṛṣṇa Keśava. We know nothing of what has been here; know that all this is from Viṣvaksena.
13.263.45
यत्प्रशस्तं च लोकेषु पुण्यं यच्च शुभाशुभम् ।
तत्सर्वं केशवोऽचिन्त्यो विपरीतमतः परम् ॥ १३.२६३.४५ ॥
Whatever is praised in the worlds, whatever is meritorious, whatever is auspicious or inauspicious, all of it is the unthinkable Keśava; and beyond this, and its opposite, is also he.
13.263.46
एतादृशः केशवोऽतश्च भूयो ।
नारायणः परमश्चाव्ययश्च।
मध्याद्यन्तस्य जगतस्तस्तुषश्च ।
बुभूषतां प्रभवश्चाव्ययश्च ॥ १३.२६३.४६ ॥
Such is Keśava, and again he is Nārāyaṇa, the supreme and imperishable; of the beginning, middle and end of the world, and of those who wish to exist, he is the source, and he is imperishable.