Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 13.8
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13.8.1
श्रुतं मे महदाख्यानमेतत्कुरुकुलोद्वह ।
सुदुष्प्रापं यद्ब्रवीषि ब्राह्मण्यं वदतांवर ॥ १३.८.१ ॥
O bearer of the Kuru lineage, I have heard this great narrative which you tell, about brahminhood, which is very hard to attain, O best of speakers.
13.8.2
विश्वामिइत्रो महाराज राजा ब्राह्मणतां गतः ।
कथितं भवता सर्वं विस्तरेण पितामह ॥ १३.८.२ ॥
O great king, King Viśvāmitra attained the state of a brahmin. O grandsire, you have told it all in detail.
13.8.3
तच्च राजन्मया सर्वं श्रुतं बुद्धिमतांवर ।
आगमो हि परोऽस्माकं त्वत्तः कौरवनन्दन ॥ १३.८.३ ॥
O king, I have heard all of that. O best of the wise, this tradition received from you is supreme for us, O delight of the Kauravas.
13.8.4
वीतहव्यश्च नृपतिः श्रुतो मे विप्रतां गतः ।
तदेव तावद्गाङ्गेय श्रोतुमिच्छाम्यहं विभो ॥ १३.८.४ ॥
I have also heard that King Vītahavya attained the state of a brahmin. O son of Gaṅgā, O mighty one, it is precisely that which I now wish to hear.
13.8.5
स केन कर्मणा प्राप्तो ब्राह्मण्यं राजसत्तमः ।
वरेण तपसा वाऽपि तन्मे व्याख्यातुमर्हसि ॥ १३.८.५ ॥
By what deed did that best of kings attain the state of a brahmin? By a boon, or by austerity? You ought to explain that to me.
13.8.6
शृणु राजन्यथा राजा वीतहव्यो महायशाः ।
राजर्षिर्दुर्लभं प्राप्तो ब्राह्मण्यं लोकसत्कृतम् ॥ १३.८.६ ॥
Listen, O king, how the king Vītahavya, of great fame, a royal sage, attained the rare state of a brahmin, honored by the world.
13.8.7
मनोर्महात्मनस्तात प्रजा धर्मेण शासतः ।
बभूव पुत्रो धर्मात्मा शर्यातिरिति विश्रुतः ॥ १३.८.७ ॥
Dear child, while the great-souled Manu ruled his subjects righteously, a righteous son was born to him, renowned by the name Śaryāti.
13.8.8
तस्यान्ववाये द्वौ राजन्राजानौ सम्बभूवतुः ।
हैहयस्तालजङ्घश्च वत्सेषु जयतांवर ॥ १३.८.८ ॥
In his lineage, O king, two kings were born: Haihaya and Tālajaṅgha, O best of the victorious.
13.8.9
हैहयस्य तु राजेन्द्र दशसु स्त्रीषु भारत ।
शतं बभूव पुत्राणां शूराणामनिवर्तिनाम्।
तुल्यरूपप्रभावानां बलिनां युद्धशालिनाम् ॥ १३.८.९ ॥
O lord of kings, O Bhārata, from ten wives Haihaya had a hundred sons — heroes who never turned back, equal in form and might, strong and skilled in war.
13.8.10
धनुर्वेदे च वेदे च सर्वत्रैव कृतश्रमाः ॥ १३.८.१० ॥
Both in the science of the bow and in the Veda, in every respect, they had laboured diligently.
13.8.11
काशिष्वपि नृपो राजन्दिवोदासपितामहः ।
हर्यश्व इति विख्यातो बभूव जयतांवरः ॥ १३.८.११ ॥
Among the Kāśis too, O king, there was a king named Haryaśva, grandfather of Divodāsa, renowned as the best of the victorious.
13.8.12
स वीतहव्यदायादैरागत्य पुरुषर्षभ ।
गङ्गायमुनयोर्मध्ये सङ्ग्रामे विनिपातितः ॥ १३.८.१२ ॥
O bull among men, having come against him, the heirs of Vītahavya slew him in battle between the Gaṅgā and the Yamunā.
13.8.13
तं तु हत्वा नरपतिं हैहयास्ते महारथाः ।
प्रतिजग्मुः पुरीं रम्यां वत्सानामकुतोभयाः ॥ १३.८.१३ ॥
Having slain that king, the great chariot-warriors, the Haihayas, returned without fear to the delightful city of the Vatsas.
13.8.14
हर्यश्वस्य च दायादः काशिराजोऽभ्यषिच्यत ।
सुदेवो देवसंकाशः साक्षाद्धर्म इवापरः ॥ १३.८.१४ ॥
Sudeva, king of Kāśī and heir of Haryaśva, was anointed; he was like a god, as if Dharma himself had come again.
13.8.15
स पालयामास महीं धर्मात्मा काशिनन्दनः ।
तैर्वीतहव्यैरागत्य युधि सर्वैर्विनिर्जितः ॥ १३.८.१५ ॥
That righteous son of Kāśi ruled the earth, but the Vītahavyas came and utterly defeated him in battle.
13.8.16
तमथाजौ विनिर्जित्य प्रतिजग्मुर्यथागतम् ।
सौदेविस्त्वथ काशीशोदिवोदासोऽभ्यषिच्यत ॥ १३.८.१६ ॥
Having defeated him in battle, they returned the way they had come; then Divodāsa, son of Sudeva and lord of Kāśī, was anointed.
13.8.17
दिवोदासस्तु विज्ञाय वीर्य तेषां यतात्मनाम् ।
वाराणसीं महातेजा निर्ममे शक्रशासनात् ॥ १३.८.१७ ॥
But Divodāsa, of great splendor, knowing the might of those self-controlled Vītahavyas, founded the city of Vārāṇasī at the command of Śakra.
13.8.18
विप्रक्षत्रियसम्बाधां वैश्यशूद्रसमाकुलाम् ।
नैकद्रव्योच्चयवतीं समृद्धविपणापणाम् ॥ १३.८.१८ ॥
It was crowded with brahmins and kshatriyas, thronged with vaishyas and shudras, full of heaps of many kinds of goods, and rich in prosperous markets and shops.
13.8.19
गङ्गाया उत्तरे कूले वप्रान्ते राजसत्तम् ।
गोमत्या दक्षिणे कूले शक्रस्येवामरावतीम्। ॥ १३.८.१९ ॥
O best of kings, on the northern bank of the Gaṅgā, at the edge of the rampart, and on the southern bank of the Gomatī, like Indra's Amarāvatī.
13.8.20
तत्र तं राजशार्दूलं निवसन्तं महीपतिम् ।
आगत्य हैहया भूयः पर्यधावन्त भारत ॥ १३.८.२० ॥
There, as that tiger among kings was dwelling, the Haihayas came upon the lord of the earth once more and rushed around him, O Bhārata.
13.8.21
स निष्क्रम्य ददौ युद्धं तेभ्यो राजा महाबलः ।
देवासुरसमं घोरं दिवोदासो महाद्युतिः ॥ १३.८.२१ ॥
That king of great might and great splendour, Divodāsa, came out and gave them battle, terrible as the battle of gods and asuras.
13.8.22
स तु युद्धे महाराज दिनानां दशतीर्दश ।
हतवाहनभूयिष्ठस्ततो दैन्यमुपागमत् ॥ १३.८.२२ ॥
O great king, he fought in that battle for ten times ten days, and then, with most of his mounts slain, he fell into misery.
13.8.23
हतयोधस्ततो राजन्क्षीणकोशश्चक भूमिपः ।
दिवोदासः पुरीं त्यक्त्वा पलायनपरोऽभवत् ॥ १३.८.२३ ॥
O king, with his warriors slain and his treasury depleted, the lord of the earth Divodāsa abandoned his city and turned to flight.
13.8.24
गत्वाऽऽश्रमपदं रम्यं भरद्वाजस्य धीमतः ।
जगाम शरणं राजा कृताञ्जलिररिंदम् ॥ १३.८.२४ ॥
O subduer of foes, having gone to the pleasant hermitage of the wise Bharadvāja, the king went for refuge with folded hands.
13.8.25
तमुवाच भरद्वाजो ज्येष्ठः पुत्रो बृहस्पतेः ।
पुरोधाः शीलसम्पन्नो दिवोदासं महीपतिम् ॥ १३.८.२५ ॥
Bharadvāja, the eldest son of Bṛhaspati, a priest endowed with good conduct, spoke to Divodāsa, the lord of the earth.
13.8.26
किमागमनकृत्यं ते सर्वं प्रबूहि मे नृप ।
यत्ते प्रियं तत्करिष्ये न मेऽत्रास्ति विचारणा ॥ १३.८.२६ ॥
O king, tell me the whole purpose of your coming. Whatever is dear to you, that I shall do; there is no hesitation in me in this matter.
13.8.27
भगवन्वैतहव्यैर्मे युद्धे वंशः प्रणाशितः ।
अहमेकः परिद्यूनो भवन्तं शरणं गतः ॥ १३.८.२७ ॥
Revered sir, the Vītahavyas have destroyed my lineage in battle. I alone am left, sorely afflicted, and have come to you for refuge.
13.8.28
शिष्यस्नेहेन भगवंस्त्वं मां रक्षितुमर्हसि ।
एकशेषः कृतो वंशो मम तैः पापकर्मभिः ॥ १३.८.२८ ॥
Revered sir, out of affection for your disciple, you ought to protect me. Those evildoers have left only one survivor of my lineage.
13.8.29
तमुवाच महाभागो भरद्वाजः प्रतापवान् ।
न भेतव्यं न भेतव्यं सौदेव व्येतु ते भयम् ॥ १३.८.२९ ॥
The greatly fortunate and mighty Bharadvāja said to him: "Do not fear, do not fear, O son of Sudeva! Let your fear depart."
13.8.30
अहमिष्टिं करिष्यामि पुत्रार्थं ते विशाम्पते ।
वीतहव्यसहस्राणि येन त्वं प्रहरिष्यसि ॥ १३.८.३० ॥
O lord of the people, I shall perform a sacrifice for you, for the sake of a son, by which you will strike down thousands of the Vītahavyas.
13.8.31
तत इष्टिं चकारर्षिस्तस्य वै पुत्रकामिकीम् ।
अथास्य तनयो जज्ञे दैवोदासः प्रतर्दनः ॥ १३.८.३१ ॥
Then the sage performed the sacrifice for a son for him, and then Pratardana, the son of Divodāsa, was born.
13.8.32
स जातमात्रो ववृधे समाः सद्यस्त्रयोदश ।
वेदं चापि जगौ कृत्स्नं धनुर्वेदं च भारत ॥ १३.८.३२ ॥
As soon as he was born he grew up to be like thirteen years old at once, and he recited the entire Veda and also the science of archery, O Bhārata.
13.8.33
योगेन च समाविष्टो भरद्वाजेन धीमता ।
कृत्स्नं हि तेजो यल्लोके तदेतद्देहमाविशत् ॥ १३.८.३३ ॥
Joined through yoga with the wise Bharadvāja, all the radiance that exists in the world entered that body.
13.8.34
ततः स कवची धन्वी स्तूयमानः सुरर्षिभिः ।
बन्दिभिर्वन्द्यमानश्च बभौ सूर्य इवोदितः ॥ १३.८.३४ ॥
Then he, wearing armor and bearing his bow, praised by the divine sages and honored by the bards, shone like the rising sun.
13.8.35
स रथी बद्धनिस्त्रिंशो बभौ दीप्त इवानलः ।
प्रययौ स धनुर्धुन्वन्विवर्षिषुरिवाम्बुदः ॥ १३.८.३५ ॥
That charioteer, with his sword girded on, shone like a blazing fire; shaking his bow, he set forth like a cloud about to rain.
13.8.36
तं दृष्ट्वा परमं हर्षं सुदेवतनयो ययौ ।
मेने च मनसा दग्धान्वैतहव्यान्स पार्थिवः ॥ १३.८.३६ ॥
Having seen him, the son of Sudeva went off in supreme joy, and that king thought in his mind that the Vaitahavyas were already burnt.
13.8.37
ततोसौ यौवराज्ये च स्थापयित्वा प्रतर्दनम् ।
कृतकृत्यं तदाऽऽत्मानं स राजा प्रत्यपद्यत ॥ १३.८.३७ ॥
Then, having installed Pratardana as heir-apparent, the king considered himself to have accomplished his task.
13.8.38
ततस्तु वैतहव्यानां वधाय स महीपतिः ।
पुत्रं प्रस्थापयासास प्रतर्दनमरिंदमम् ॥ १३.८.३८ ॥
Then that lord of the earth sent forth his son Pratardana, subduer of foes, for the slaying of the Vaitahavyas.
13.8.39
सरथः स तु संतीर्य गङ्गामाशु पराक्रमी ।
प्रययौ वीतहव्यानां पुरीं परपुरंजयः ॥ १३.८.३९ ॥
That valiant conqueror of enemy cities, with his chariot, swiftly crossed the Ganges and set out for the city of the Vītahavyas.
13.8.40
वैतहव्यास्तु संश्रुत्य रथघोषं समुद्धतम् ।
निर्ययुर्नगराकारै रथैः पररथारुजैः ॥ १३.८.४० ॥
The Vaitahavyas, hearing the surging roar of chariots, came out with chariots as vast as cities, breakers of enemy chariots.
13.8.41
निष्क्रम्य ते नरव्याघ्रा दंशिताश्चित्रयोधिनः ।
प्रतर्दनं समाजग्मुः शरवर्षैरुदायुधाः ॥ १३.८.४१ ॥
Those tigers among men, armored and marvelous warriors, came out and approached Pratardana, pouring down showers of arrows, weapons raised.
13.8.42
शस्त्रैश्च विविधाकारै रथौघैश्च युधिष्ठिर ।
अभ्यवर्षन्त राजानं हिमवन्तमिवाम्बुदाः ॥ १३.८.४२ ॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, with weapons of many forms and masses of chariots they poured upon the king, as clouds pour upon the Himālaya.
13.8.43
अस्त्रैरस्त्राणि संवार्य तेषां राजा प्रतर्दनः ।
जघान तान्महातेजा वज्रानलसमैः शरैः ॥ १३.८.४३ ॥
Having warded off their weapons with weapons, King Pratardana, of great splendor, struck them down with arrows equal to the thunderbolt and fire.
13.8.44
कृत्तोत्तमाङ्गास्ते राजन्भल्लैः शतसहस्रशः ।
अपतन्रुधिरार्द्राङ्गा निकृत्ता इव किंशुकाः ॥ १३.८.४४ ॥
O king, their heads cut off by crescent-headed arrows by the hundred thousand, their bodies drenched in blood, they fell like felled kiṃśuka trees.
13.8.45
हतेषु तेषु सर्वेषु वीतहव्यः सुतेष्वथ ।
प्राद्रवन्नगरं हित्वा भृगोराश्रममप्युत ॥ १३.८.४५ ॥
When all those sons of Vītahavya had been slain, Vītahavya fled, leaving the city, to the hermitage of Bhṛgu.
13.8.46
ययौ भृगुं च शरणं वीतहव्यो नराधिपः ।
अभयं च ददौ तस्मै वीतहव्याय भार्गवः।
आसनं शिष्यमध्ये च भृगुरन्यत्समादिशत् ॥ १३.८.४६ ॥
King Vītahavya went to Bhṛgu for refuge, and the Bhārgava gave Vītahavya assurance of safety; and Bhṛgu commanded another thing: a seat to be given him among the disciples.
13.8.47
अथानुपदमेवाशु तत्रागच्छत्प्रतर्दनः ।
स प्राप्य चाश्रमपदं दिवोदासात्मजोऽब्रवीत् ॥ १३.८.४७ ॥
Then, right behind him, Pratardana quickly arrived there. Reaching the hermitage, the son of Divodāsa spoke.
13.8.48
भोभो केऽत्राश्रमे सन्ति भृगोः शिष्या महात्मनः ।
द्रष्टुमिच्छे मुनिमहं तस्याचक्षत मामिति ॥ १३.८.४८ ॥
Ho, ho! Who here in this hermitage are the disciples of the great-souled Bhṛgu? I wish to see the sage. They told me—
13.8.49
स तं विदित्वा तु भृगुर्निश्चक्रामाश्रमात्तदा ।
पूजयामास च ततो विधिना नृपसत्तमम् ॥ १३.८.४९ ॥
Recognizing him, Bhṛgu then came out of the hermitage and, according to rule, honored that best of kings.
13.8.50
उवाच चैनं राजेन्द्र किं कार्यं ब्रूहि पार्थिव ।
स चोवाच नृपस्तस्मै यदागमनकारणम् ॥ १३.८.५० ॥
He said, "O lord of kings, O king, tell me what is to be done." And the king told him the reason for his coming.
13.8.51
अयं ब्रह्मन्नितो राजा वीतहव्यो विसर्ज्यताम् ।
अस्य पुत्रैर्हि मे कृत्स्नो ब्रह्मन्वंशः प्रणाशितः ॥ १३.८.५१ ॥
O brahmin, let this king Vītahavya be released from here. By his sons my entire lineage has been destroyed.
13.8.52
उत्सादितश्च विषयः काशीनां रत्नसञ्चयः ।
एतस्य वीर्यदृप्तस्य हतं पुत्रशतं मया।
अस्येदानीं वधादद्य भविष्याम्यनृणः पितुः ॥ १३.८.५२ ॥
The realm of the Kāśīs was ravaged and their treasury of jewels plundered. Proud of his valor, I killed his hundred sons. Now, by slaying him today, I shall be free of my debt to my father.
13.8.53
तमुवाच कृपाविष्टो भृगुर्धर्मभृतांवरः ।
नेहास्ति क्षत्रियः कश्चित्सर्वे हीमे द्विजातयः ॥ १३.८.५३ ॥
Moved with compassion, Bhṛgu, best of those who uphold dharma, said to him: "Here there is no kṣatriya; all these are twice-born."
13.8.54
एतत्तु वचनं श्रुत्वा भृगोस्तथ्यं प्रतर्दनः ।
पादावुपस्पृश्य शनैः प्रहृष्टो वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥ १३.८.५४ ॥
Hearing these true words of Bhṛgu, Pratardana touched his feet and, delighted, spoke these words slowly.
13.8.55
एवमप्यस्मि भगवन्कृतकृत्यो न संशयः ।
य एष राजा वीर्येण स्वजातिं त्याजितो मया ॥ १३.८.५५ ॥
Thus I am indeed accomplished, there is no doubt; this king, by my power, has been made to abandon his own caste.
13.8.56
अनुजानीहि मां ब्रह्मन्ध्यायस्व च शिवेन माम् ।
त्याजितो हि मया जातिमेव राजा भृगूद्वह ॥ १३.८.५६ ॥
Grant me leave, O brahmin, and meditate on me with goodwill. O best of the Bhṛgus, I have indeed caused this king to be abandoned by his caste.
13.8.57
ततस्तेनाभ्यनुज्ञातो ययौ राजा प्रतर्दनः ।
यथागतं महाराज मुक्त्वा विषमिवोरगः ॥ १३.८.५७ ॥
Then, granted leave by him, King Pratardana went away the way he had come, O great king, like a serpent that has cast off its poison.
13.8.58
भृगोर्वचनमात्रेण स च ब्रह्मर्षितां गतः ।
वीतहव्यो महाराज ब्रह्मवादित्वमेव च ॥ १३.८.५८ ॥
By Bhṛgu's mere word he attained the state of a brahmarṣi, O great king, and Vītahavya also attained the status of a speaker of Brahman.
13.8.59
तस्य गृत्समदः पुत्रो रूपेणेन्द्र इवापरः ।
शक्रस्त्वमिति यो दैत्यैर्निगृहीतः किलाभवत् ॥ १३.८.५९ ॥
His son was Gṛtsamada, who in form was like another Indra; he had been seized by the demons, who said, 'You are Śakra.'
13.8.60
ऋग्वेदे वर्तते चाग्र्या श्रुतिर्यस्य महात्मनः ।
यत्र गृत्समदो राजन्ब्राह्मणैः स महीयते ॥ १३.८.६० ॥
In the Ṛgveda there survives the foremost sacred verse of that great-souled one, where, O king, Gṛtsamada is honoured by the brahmins.
13.8.61
स ब्रह्मचारी विप्रर्षिः श्रीमान्गृत्समदोऽभवत् ।
पुत्रो गृत्समदस्यापि विप्रः सावैनसोऽभवत् ॥ १३.८.६१ ॥
He became Gṛtsamada, the glorious sage among brahmins, a celibate student. The son of Gṛtsamada also became a brahmin, Sāvainasa.
13.8.62
सावैनसस्य पुत्रो वै वितस्त्यस्तस्य चात्मजः ।
वितस्त्यस्य सुतस्तस्य शिवस्तश्चात्मजोऽभवत् ॥ १३.८.६२ ॥
The son of Sāvainasa was Vitasti, and his son too. The son of Vitasti was Śiva, and a son was born to him as well.
13.8.63
श्रवास्तस्य सुतश्चर्षिः श्रवसश्चाभवत्तमः ।
तमसश्च प्रकाशोऽभूत्तनयो द्विजसत्तमः ॥ १३.८.६३ ॥
His son was the sage Śravā, and Śravā's son was Tamas. The son of Tamas was Prakāśa, the best of the twice-born.
13.8.64
प्रकाशस्य च वागिन्द्रो बभूव जयतांवरः ।
तस्यात्मजश्च प्रमितिर्वेदवेदाङ्गपारगः ॥ १३.८.६४ ॥
And Vāgindra, the best of victors, was the son of Prakāśa. His son was Pramiti, master of the Vedas and their limbs.
13.8.65
घृताच्यां तस्य पुत्रस्तु रुरुर्नामोदपद्यत ।
प्रमद्वरायां तु रुरोः पुत्रः समुदपद्यत।
शुनको नाम विप्रर्षिर्यस्य पुत्रोऽथ शौनकः ॥ १३.८.६५ ॥
From Ghṛtācī was born to him a son named Ruru. From Pramadvarā was born a son to Ruru, the sage among brahmins Śunaka, whose son was Śaunaka.
13.8.66
एवं विप्रत्वमगमद्वीतहव्यो नराधिपः ।
भृगोः प्रसादाद्राजेन्द्र क्षत्रियः क्षत्रियर्षभ ॥ १३.८.६६ ॥
Thus the lord of men Vītahavya attained brahminhood by the grace of Bhṛgu, O lord of kings, O bull among kshatriyas, though he was a kshatriya.
13.8.67
एष ते कथितो वंशो राजन्गार्त्समदो मया ।
विस्तरेण महाराज किमन्यदनुपृच्छसि ॥ १३.८.६७ ॥
O king, I have told you in detail this lineage of Gārtsamada. O great king, what else do you ask?