Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 13.93
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13.93.1
आरामाणां तटाकानां यत्फलं कुरुपुङ्गव ।
तदहं श्रोतुमिच्छामि त्वत्तोऽद्य भरतर्षभ ॥ १३.९३.१ ॥
O bull of the Kurus, O bull of the Bharatas, I wish to hear from you today what is the fruit of pleasure-gardens and tanks.
13.93.2
सुप्रदर्शा बलवती चित्रा धातुविभूषिता ।
उपेता सर्वभूतैश्च श्रेष्ठा भूमिरिहोच्यते ॥ १३.९३.२ ॥
A land that is pleasing to behold, firm, variegated, adorned with minerals, and endowed with all beings is here called the best.
13.93.3
तस्याः क्षेत्रविशेषाश्च तटाकानां च बन्धनम् ।
औदकानि च सर्वाणि प्रवक्ष्याम्यनुपूर्वशः ॥ १३.९३.३ ॥
I will explain in due order the special fields of that land, the building of tanks, and all matters concerning water.
13.93.4
तटाकानां च वक्ष्यामि कृतानां चापि ये गुणाः ।
त्रिषु लोकेषु सर्वत्र पूजनीयस्तटाकवान् ॥ १३.९३.४ ॥
I will tell the qualities of ponds and the merits that come from building them. In all three worlds, the one who possesses a pond is worthy of honour.
13.93.5
अथवा मित्रसदनं मैत्रं मित्रविवर्धनम् ।
कीर्तिसंजननं श्रेष्ठं तटाकानां निवेशनम् ॥ १३.९३.५ ॥
Or the establishment of ponds is supreme: a dwelling for friends, a promoter of friendship, a generator of fame.
13.93.6
धर्मस्यार्थस्य कामस्य फलमाहुर्मनीषिणः ।
तटाकसुकृतं देशे क्षेत्रमेकं महाश्रयम् ॥ १३.९३.६ ॥
The wise say that the merit of a pond is the fruit of dharma, artha and kāma; in the land it is a single field, a great refuge.
13.93.7
चतुर्विधानां भूतानां तटाकमुपलक्षयेत् ।
तटाकानि च सर्वाणि दिशन्ति श्रियमुत्तमाम् ॥ १३.९३.७ ॥
One should regard the water-tank as the refuge of all four kinds of beings; and all water-tanks bestow supreme prosperity.
13.93.8
देवा मनुष्यगन्धर्वाः पितरोरगराक्षसाः ।
स्थावराणि च भूतानि संश्रयन्ति जलाशयम् ॥ १३.९३.८ ॥
Gods, humans, gandharvas, ancestors, serpents and demons, and immobile beings too, take refuge in the water-reservoir.
13.93.9
तस्मात्तांस्ते प्रवक्ष्यामि तटाके ये गुणाः स्मृताः ।
या च तत्र फलावाप्तिर्ऋषिभिः समुदाहृताः ॥ १३.९३.९ ॥
Therefore I shall tell you of the merits recorded for the water-tank, and the fruit attained there, as declared by the sages.
13.93.10
वर्षाकाले तटाके तु सलिलं यस्य तिष्ठति ।
अग्निहोत्रफलं तस्य फलमाहुर्मनीषिणः ॥ १३.९३.१० ॥
The wise say that he whose water-tank holds water in the rainy season obtains the fruit of the agnihotra sacrifice.
13.93.11
शरत्काले तु सलिलं तटाके यस्य तिष्ठति ।
गोसहस्रस्य स प्रेत्य लभते फलमुत्तमम् ॥ १३.९३.११ ॥
He in whose water-tank water remains in the autumn season obtains, after death, the supreme fruit of a thousand cows.
13.93.12
हेमन्तकाले सलिलं तटाके यस्य तिष्ठति ।
स वै बहुसुवर्णस्य यज्ञस्य लभते फलम् ॥ १३.९३.१२ ॥
He in whose water-tank water remains in the winter season indeed obtains the fruit of a sacrifice with many gifts of gold.
13.93.13
यस्य वै शैशिरे काले तटाके सलिलं भवेत् ।
तस्याग्निष्टोमयज्ञस्य फलमाहुर्मनीषिणः ॥ १३.९३.१३ ॥
Of him whose reservoir holds water in the cold season, the wise declare, is the fruit of the Agniṣṭoma sacrifice.
13.93.14
तटाकं सुकृतं यस्य वसन्ते तु महाश्रयम् ।
अतिरात्रस्य यज्ञस्य फलं स समुपाश्नुते ॥ १३.९३.१४ ॥
Whose well-built reservoir is a great refuge even in spring, he fully obtains the fruit of the Atirātra sacrifice.
13.93.15
निदाघकाले पानीयं तटाके यस्य तिष्ठति ।
वाजिमेधफलं तस्य फलं वै मुनयो विदुः ॥ १३.९३.१५ ॥
Whose reservoir holds drinking water in the hot season, the sages know, has the fruit of the Aśvamedha sacrifice as its fruit.
13.93.16
स कुलं तारयेत्सर्वं यस्य खाते जलाशये ।
गावः पिबन्ति सलिलं साधवश्च नराः सदा ॥ १३.९३.१६ ॥
Whose dug-out pool is drunk from always by cows, good men and people, he carries his whole family across.
13.93.17
तटाके यस्य गावस्तु पिबन्ति तृषिता जलम् ।
मृगपक्षिमनुष्याश्च सोऽश्वमेधफलं लभेत ॥ १३.९३.१७ ॥
Whose reservoir thirsty cows, deer, birds and men drink from, may he obtain the fruit of the Aśvamedha.
13.93.18
यत्पिबन्ति जलं तत्र स्नायन्ते विश्रमन्ति च ।
तटाके यस्य तत्सर्वं प्रेत्यानन्त्याय कल्पते ॥ १३.९३.१८ ॥
Where they drink, bathe and rest, in whose reservoir all this happens, all of that after death becomes fit for endless reward.
13.93.19
दुर्लभं सलिलं तात विशेषेण परत्र वै ।
पानीयस्य प्रदानेन प्रीतिर्भवति शाश्वती ॥ १३.९३.१९ ॥
Dear son, water is hard to obtain, especially in the next world. By giving drinking water, lasting satisfaction arises.
13.93.20
तिलान्ददत पानीयं दीपान्ददत जागृत ।
ज्ञातिभिः सह मोदध्वमेतत्प्रेत्य सुदुर्लभम् ॥ १३.९३.२० ॥
Give sesame, give water, give lamps; stay awake. Rejoice with your kinsmen, for this is exceedingly hard to obtain in the next world.
13.93.21
सर्वदानैर्गुरुतरं सर्वदानैर्विशिष्यते ।
पानीयं नरशार्दूल तस्माद्दातव्यमेव हि ॥ १३.९३.२१ ॥
Tiger among men, drinking water surpasses all gifts and excels every gift. Therefore water must indeed be given.
13.93.22
एवमेतत्तटाकस्य कीर्तितं फलमुत्तमम् ।
अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि वृक्षाणामवरोपणम् ॥ १३.९३.२२ ॥
Thus has the supreme fruit of a reservoir been declared. Hereafter I shall explain the planting of trees.
13.93.23
स्थावराणां च भूतानां जातयः षट् प्रकीर्तिताः ।
वृक्षगुल्मलतावल्ल्यस्त्वक्सारास्तृणजातयः ॥ १३.९३.२३ ॥
Six classes of immovable beings have been declared: trees, shrubs, creepers, vines, pith-bearers, and kinds of grass.
13.93.24
एता जात्यस्तु वृक्षाणां तेषां रोपे गुणास्त्विमे ।
कीर्तिश्च मानुषे लोके प्रेत्य चैव फलं शुभम् ॥ १३.९३.२४ ॥
These are the kinds of trees. The merits of planting them are these: fame in the human world, and in the next world too, an auspicious fruit.
13.93.25
लभते नाम लोके च पितृभिश्च महीयते ।
देवलोके गतस्यापि नाम तस्य न नश्यति ॥ १३.९३.२५ ॥
He obtains a name in the world and is honoured by the ancestors. Even when he has gone to the world of the gods, his name does not perish.
13.93.26
अतीतानागते चोभे पितृवंशं च भारत ।
तारयेद्वृक्षरोपी च तस्माद्वृक्षांश्च रोपयेत् ॥ १३.९३.२६ ॥
O Bhārata, the planter of trees delivers the lineage of ancestors, both past and future. Therefore one should plant trees.
13.93.27
तस्य पुत्रा भवन्त्येते पादपा नात्र संशयः ।
परलोकगतः स्वर्गं लोकांश्चाप्नोति सोऽव्ययान् ॥ १३.९३.२७ ॥
Without doubt these trees become his sons. Gone to the other world, he attains heaven and the imperishable worlds.
13.93.28
पुष्णैः सुरगणान्वृक्षाः फलैश्चापि तथा पितॄन् ।
धायया चातिथिं तात पूजयन्ति महीरुहः ॥ १३.९३.२८ ॥
Dear one, trees honour the hosts of gods with their flowers, the ancestors with their fruits, and the guest with their shade.
13.93.29
किन्नरोरगरक्षांसि देवगन्धर्वमानवाः ।
तथा ऋषिगणाश्चैव संश्रयन्ति महीरुहान् ॥ १३.९३.२९ ॥
Kinnaras, serpents, rākṣasas, gods, gandharvas and humans, and likewise hosts of sages, all take refuge in the trees.
13.93.30
पुष्पिताः फलवन्तश्च तर्पयन्तीह मानवान् ।
वृक्षदं पुत्रवद्वृक्षास्तारयन्ति परत्र तु ॥ १३.९३.३० ॥
Flowering and fruit-bearing, the trees here gratify humans; and the trees deliver the one who planted them, as if he were a son, in the next world.
13.93.31
तस्मात्तटाके सद्वृक्षा रोप्याः श्रेयोर्थिना सदा ।
पुत्रवत्परिपाल्याश्च पुत्रास्ते धर्मतः स्मृताः ॥ १३.९३.३१ ॥
Therefore one who seeks welfare should always plant good trees by a pond, and cherish them as sons, for according to dharma they are remembered as sons.
13.93.32
तटाककृद्वृक्षरोपी इष्टयज्ञश्च यो द्विजः ।
एते स्वर्गे महीयन्ते ये चान्ये सत्यवादिनः ॥ १३.९३.३२ ॥
The twice-born man who makes a pond, plants trees and performs sacrifices, and the other truth-speakers, are honoured in heaven.
13.93.33
तस्मात्तटाकं कुर्वीत आरामांश्चैव रोपयेत् ।
यजेच्च विविधैर्यज्ञैः सत्यं च सततं वदेत् ॥ १३.९३.३३ ॥
Therefore one should dig a pond and also plant gardens; one should worship with various sacrifices, and always speak the truth.