Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 14.38
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14.38.1
रजोऽहं वः प्रवक्ष्यामि याथातथ्येन सत्तमाः ।
निबोधत महाभागा गुणवृत्तं च राजसम् ॥ १४.३८.१ ॥
Best of beings, I shall declare to you the quality of passion truly, as it is. Understand, O greatly fortunate ones, the conduct of the quality of passion.
14.38.2
संतापो रूपमायासः सुखदुःखे हिमातपौ ।
ऐश्वर्यं विग्रहः सिद्धिर्हेतुवादोऽरतिः क्षमा ॥ १४.३८.२ ॥
Distress, toil, pleasure and pain, cold and heat, lordship, conflict, accomplishment, disputation, discontent and forbearance — these are its forms.
14.38.3
बलं शौर्यं मदो रोषो व्यायामकलहावपि ।
ईर्ष्येप्सा पैशुनं युद्धं ममत्वं परिपालनम् ॥ १४.३८.३ ॥
Strength, valor, pride, anger, exertion and quarrel as well; envy, desire, slander, battle, the sense of 'mine', and protection.
14.38.4
वधबन्धपरिक्लेशाः क्रयो विक्रय एव च ।
निकृन्त च्छिन्धि भिन्धीति परवर्मावकर्तनम् ॥ १४.३८.४ ॥
Killing, bondage and hardship, buying and selling too; crying 'cut, slash, pierce!'; and cutting through the enemy's armor.
14.38.5
उग्रं दारुणमाक्रोशः परवित्तानुरागिता ।
लोकचिन्ताऽनुचिन्ता च मत्सरः परिभाषणम् ॥ १४.३८.५ ॥
Fierceness and cruelty, reviling, attachment to another's wealth, concern for the world and brooding afterthought, jealousy and harsh speech.
14.38.6
वृथाशास्त्रं मृषावादो विकल्पपरिभाषणम् ।
निन्दा स्तुतिः प्रशंसा च प्रतापः परिधर्षणम् ॥ १४.३८.६ ॥
Vain scripture, false speech, speech full of alternatives, blame and praise, commendation, display of power and insolent assault.
14.38.7
परिचर्या च शुश्रूषा सेवा तृष्णा व्यपाश्रयः ।
व्यूहो नयः प्रमादश्च परिवादः परिग्रहः ॥ १४.३८.७ ॥
Service, attentive waiting, devoted service, thirst, dependence, the battle-array, policy, heedlessness, reproach and possession.
14.38.8
संस्कारा ये च लोकेषु प्रवर्तन्ते पृथक्पृथक् ।
नृषु नारीषु भूतेषु द्रव्येषु शरणेषु च ॥ १४.३८.८ ॥
The rites that prevail separately in the worlds, among men, among women, among beings, among substances, and among refuges as well.
14.38.9
संतापोऽप्रत्ययश्चैव व्रतानि नियमाश्च ये ।
प्रधानमाशीर्युक्तं च सततं मे भवत्विति ॥ १४.३८.९ ॥
Distress, distrust, and the vows and observances, joined with the chief wish: 'May this always be mine.'
14.38.10
स्वाहाकारो नमस्कारः स्वधाकारो वषट्क्रिया ।
याजनाध्यापने चोभे यजनाध्ययने अपि ॥ १४.३८.१० ॥
The svāhā-offering, salutation, the svadhā-offering, the vaṣaṭ-act; officiating at sacrifice and teaching, both; sacrificing and study as well.
14.38.11
दानं प्रतिग्रहश्चैव प्रायश्चित्तानि मङ्गलम् ।
इदं मे स्यादिदं मे स्यात्स्नेहो गुणसमुद्भवः ॥ १४.३८.११ ॥
Giving and receiving gifts, expiations and auspicious acts; 'May this be mine, may that be mine' — the affection that arises from qualities.
14.38.12
अभिद्रोहस्तथा माया निकृतिर्मान एव च ।
स्तैन्यं हिंसा जुगुप्सा च परितापः प्रजागरः ॥ १४.३८.१२ ॥
Treachery, illusion, deceit, pride, theft, violence, contempt, torment and sleeplessness.
14.38.13
दम्भो दर्पोऽथ रागश्च भक्तिः प्रीतिः प्रमोदनम् ।
द्यूतं च जनवादश्च सम्बन्धाः स्त्रीकृताश्च ये ॥ १४.३८.१३ ॥
Hypocrisy, pride, passion, devotion, affection, delight, gambling, public gossip, and the bonds that arise through women.
14.38.14
नृत्यवादित्रगीतानां प्रसङ्गा ये च केचन ।
सर्व एते गुणा विप्रा राजसाः सम्प्रकीर्तिताः ॥ १४.३८.१४ ॥
Whatever indulgences there are in dance, instruments and song — all these qualities, O brahmins, have been declared to be of rajas.
14.38.15
भूतभव्यभविष्याणां भावानां भुवि भावनाः ।
त्रिवर्गनिरता नित्यं धर्मोऽर्थः काम इत्यपि ॥ १४.३८.१५ ॥
The conceptions on earth of the states of beings past, present and future are always devoted to the threefold aim: dharma, artha and kāma.
14.38.16
कामवृत्ताः प्रमोदन्ते सर्वकामसमृद्धिभिः ।
अर्वाक्स्रोतस इत्येते मनुष्या रजसा वृताः ॥ १४.३८.१६ ॥
Those whose conduct is driven by desire rejoice in the abundance of all their desires; these humans, with downward-flowing streams, are enveloped by rajas.
14.38.17
अस्मिँलोके प्रमोदन्ते जायमानाः पुनःपनः ।
प्रेत्यभाविकमीहन्ते हलौकिकमेव च।
ददति प्रतिगृह्णन्ति तर्पयन्त्यथ जुह्वति ॥ १४.३८.१७ ॥
Born again and again in this world, they rejoice; after death they strive for future and otherworldly rewards; they give, receive, satisfy, and then offer oblations.
14.38.18
रजोगुणा वो बहुधानुकीर्तिता ।
यथावदुक्तं गुणवृत्तमेव च।
नरोपि यो वेद गुणानिमान्सदा ।
स राजसैः सर्वगुणैर्विमुच्यते ॥ १४.३८.१८ ॥
The qualities of rajas have been set out for you in many ways, and the conduct of the qualities as it was stated. A man who always knows these qualities as they are is freed from all the rajasic qualities.