Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 14.45
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14.45.1
बुद्धिसारं मनस्तम्भमिन्द्रियग्रामबन्धनम् ।
महाभूतारविष्कम्भं निमेषपरिवेष्टनम् ॥ १४.४५.१ ॥
It is the essence of intellect, the pillar of the mind, the binding of the host of senses, the support of the spokes of the great elements, encircled by the blink of an eye.
14.45.2
जराशोकसमाविष्टं व्याधिव्यसनसञ्चरम् ।
देशकालविचारीदं श्रमव्यायामनिःस्वनम् ॥ १४.४५.२ ॥
It is beset by old age and grief, moves amid disease and calamity, weighs place and time, and resounds with toil and exertion.
14.45.3
अहोरात्रपरिक्षेपं शीतोष्णपरिमण्डलम् ।
सुखदुःखान्तसंश्लेषं क्षुत्पिपासावकीलकम् ॥ १४.४५.३ ॥
It is enclosed by day and night, ringed by cold and heat, joined to the ends of pleasure and pain, and fastened by the pegs of hunger and thirst.
14.45.4
छायातपविलेखं च निमेषोन्मेषविह्वलम् ।
शोकमोहजराकीर्णं वर्तमानमचेतनम् ॥ १४.४५.४ ॥
It is marked by lines of shade and sunlight, bewildered by the blinking and opening of the eyes, strewn with grief, delusion and old age, present yet unconscious.
14.45.5
मासार्धमासगुणितं विषमं लोकसञ्चरम् ।
तमोनिचयपङ्कं च रजोवेगप्रवर्तकम् ॥ १४.४५.५ ॥
Multiplied by months and fortnights, uneven, moving through the worlds, a mire of heaped darkness, and the setter-in-motion of the rush of passion.
14.45.6
सत्त्वालङ्कारदीप्तं च गुणसंघातमण्डलम् ।
विरतिग्रहणाभीकं शोकसंहारवर्तनम् ॥ १४.४५.६ ॥
Radiant with the ornament of goodness, the circle of the aggregate of qualities, fearful of cessation and seizing, and the course of the destruction of grief.
14.45.8
भयमोहपरीवारं भूतसंमोहकारकम् ।
आनन्दप्रीतिचारं च कामक्रोधपरिग्रहम् ॥ १४.४५.८ ॥
Surrounded by fear and delusion, causing bewilderment among creatures, moving in joy and delight, and holding desire and anger.
14.45.9
महदादिविशेषान्तमव्यक्तं प्रभवाप्ययम् ।
मनोजवनमश्रान्तं कालचक्रं प्रवर्तते ॥ १४.४५.९ ॥
The unmanifest, extending to the specific forms beginning with the great principle, the source and dissolution, swift as the mind and tireless — the wheel of time turns on.
14.45.10
एतद्द्वन्द्वसमायुक्तं कालचक्रमचेतनम् ।
विसृजेत्संक्षिपेच्चापि बोधयेत्स्वापयेज्जगम् ॥ १४.४५.१० ॥
Joined to these pairs of opposites, the unconscious wheel of time may emit, may withdraw, and may awaken or put the world to sleep.
14.45.11
कालचक्रप्रवृत्तिं च निवृत्तिं चैव तत्त्वतः ।
यस्तु वेद नरो नित्यं न स भूतेषु मुह्यति ॥ १४.४५.११ ॥
The man who truly and always knows the turning forward and the turning back of the wheel of time is not bewildered among beings.
14.45.12
विमुक्तः सर्वसङ्क्लेशैः सर्वद्वन्द्वातिगो मुनिः ।
विमुक्तः सर्वपापेभ्यः प्राप्नोति परमां गतिम् ॥ १४.४५.१२ ॥
Freed from all afflictions, the sage who has transcended all pairs of opposites, freed from all sins, attains the supreme goal.
14.45.13
गृहस्थो ब्रह्मचारी च वानप्रस्थोऽथ भिक्षुकः ।
चत्वार आश्रमाः प्रोक्ताः सर्वे गार्हस्थ्यमूलकाः ॥ १४.४५.१३ ॥
The householder, the celibate student, the forest-dweller, and then the mendicant — four life-stages are declared, all rooted in the householder's life.
14.45.14
क्रियाकारणसंयुक्तं रागविस्तारमायतम् ।
लोभेप्सापरिविक्षोभं विविक्तज्ञानसम्भवम्
यः कश्चिदिह लोकेऽस्मिन्नाश्रमः परिकीर्तितः ।
तस्यान्तगमनं श्रेयः कीर्तिरेषा सनातनी ॥ १४.४५.१४ ॥
Whatever stage of life is declared in this world, joined with action and cause, extended by the spread of attachment, agitated by greed and desire, and born of pure knowledge — to go to its end is the highest good; this is eternal glory.
14.45.15
संस्कारैः संस्कृतः पूर्वं यथावच्चरितव्रतः ।
जातौ गुणविशिष्टायां समावर्तेत वेदवित् ॥ १४.४५.१५ ॥
Having first been duly purified by the rites of purification and having kept the vows properly, born in a caste distinguished by virtues, the knower of the Vedas should return home.
14.45.16
स्वदारनिरतो नित्यं शिष्टाचारो जितेन्द्रियः ।
पञ्चभिश्च महायज्ञैः श्रद्दधानो यजेदिह ॥ १४.४५.१६ ॥
Ever devoted to his own wife, following the conduct of the virtuous, self-controlled, and full of faith, he should sacrifice here with the five great sacrifices.
14.45.17
देवतातिथिशिष्टाशी निरतो वेदकर्मसु ।
इज्याप्रदानयुक्तश्च यथाशक्ति यथाविधि ॥ १४.४५.१७ ॥
Eating what remains after the gods and guests, devoted to Vedic rites, engaged in sacrifice and giving, according to his ability and according to rule.
14.45.18
न पाणिपादचपलो न नेत्रचपलो मुनिः ।
न च वागङ्गचपल इति शिष्टस्य गोचरः ॥ १४.४५.१८ ॥
The sage is not restless in hands and feet, not restless in the eyes, and not restless in speech or limbs; thus is the conduct of the virtuous.
14.45.19
नित्यं यज्ञोपवीती स्याच्छुक्लवासाः शुचिव्रतः ।
नियतो यमदानाभ्यां सदा शिष्टैश्च संविशेत् ॥ १४.४५.१९ ॥
He should always wear the sacred thread, be clad in white, keep pure vows, be restrained by restraint and giving, and always keep company with the virtuous.
14.45.20
जितशिश्नोदरो मैत्रः शिष्टाचारसमन्वितः ।
वैणवीं धारयेद्यष्टिं सोदकं च कमण्डलुम् ॥ १४.४५.२० ॥
One who has conquered the genitals and the belly, kind, and endowed with the conduct of the learned, should carry a bamboo staff and a water-pot.
14.45.21
त्रीणि धारयते नित्यं कमण्डलुमतन्द्रितः ।
एकमाचमनार्थाय एकं वै पादधावनम्।
एकं शौचविधानार्थमित्येतत्त्रितयं तथा ॥ १४.४५.२१ ॥
The diligent one should always carry three water-pots: one for sipping water, one for washing the feet, and one for the rite of purification; these are the three.
14.45.22
अधीत्याध्यापनं कुर्यात्तथा यजनयाजने ।
दानं प्रतिग्रहं वाऽपि षङ्गुणां वृत्तिमाचरेत् ॥ १४.४५.२२ ॥
Having studied, one should teach; likewise one should perform sacrifices and officiate at them, and give and receive gifts; thus one should follow the sixfold livelihood.
14.45.23
त्रीणि कर्माणि जानीत ब्राह्मणानां तु जीविकाः ।
याजनाध्यापने चोभे शुद्धाच्चापि प्रतिग्रहः ॥ १४.४५.२३ ॥
Know that the livelihood of brahmins consists of three duties: officiating at sacrifices and teaching, both, and accepting gifts from the pure.
14.45.24
अथ शेषाणि चान्यानि त्रीणि कर्माणि यानि तु ।
दानमध्ययनं यज्ञो धर्मयुक्तानि तानि तु ॥ १४.४५.२४ ॥
Now the remaining three other duties — giving, study, and sacrifice — are those united with dharma.
14.45.25
तेष्वप्रमादं कुर्वीत त्रिषु कर्मसु धर्मवित् ।
दान्तो मैत्रः क्षमायुक्तः सर्वभूतसमो मुनिः ॥ १४.४५.२५ ॥
The knower of dharma should be vigilant in those three duties, being self-controlled, kind, endowed with forbearance, and a sage equal toward all beings.
14.45.26
सर्वमेतद्यथाशक्ति विप्रो निर्वर्तयञ्शुचिः ।
एवं युक्तो जयेत्स्वर्गं गृहस्थः संशितव्रतः ॥ १४.४५.२६ ॥
The brahmin who, pure, performs all this according to his ability, thus engaged, the householder firm in vows wins heaven.