Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 14.51
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14.51.1
भूतानामथ पञ्चानामथेषामीश्वरं मनः ।
नियमे च विसर्गे च भूतानां मन एव च ॥ १४.५१.१ ॥
The mind is the lord of the five elements and of these, and in restraint and in creation the mind of beings is indeed (supreme).
14.51.2
अधिष्ठातृमनो नित्यं भूतानां महतां तथा ।
बुद्धिरैश्वर्यमाचष्टे क्षेत्रज्ञश्च स उच्यते ॥ १४.५१.२ ॥
The mind is always the governor of beings and of the great elements; the intellect declares their sovereignty, and he is called the knower of the field.
14.51.3
इनद्रियाणि मनो युङ्क्ते सदश्वानिव सारथिः ।
इन्द्रियाणि मनो बुद्धिः क्षेत्रज्ञे युज्यते सदा ॥ १४.५१.३ ॥
As a charioteer yokes good horses, so the mind yokes the senses; the senses, the mind and the intellect are always joined to the knower of the field.
14.51.4
महदश्वसमायुक्तं बुद्धिसंयमनं रथम् ।
समारुह्य स भूतात्मा समन्तात्परिधावति ॥ १४.५१.४ ॥
Having mounted the chariot yoked with the great horses and with intellect as its reins, that soul of beings runs about on all sides.
14.51.5
इन्द्रियग्रामसंयुक्तो मनःसारथिरेव च ।
बुद्धिसंयमनो नित्यं महान्ब्रह्ममयो रथः ॥ १४.५१.५ ॥
The great chariot, joined with the host of senses, with the mind as charioteer and the intellect as reins, is always made of Brahman.
14.51.6
एवं यो वेत्ति विद्वान्वै सदा ब्रह्ममयं रथम् ।
स धीरः सर्वलोकेषु न मोहमधिगच्छति ॥ १४.५१.६ ॥
The wise man who thus always knows the chariot made of Brahman — that steadfast one does not fall into delusion in any of the worlds.
14.51.7
अव्यक्तादिविशेषान्तं सहस्थावरजङ्गमम् ।
सूर्यचन्द्रप्रभालोकं ग्रहनक्षत्रमण्डितम् ॥ १४.५१.७ ॥
From the unmanifest down to the end of its distinctions, together with the immobile and the mobile, lit by the radiance of sun and moon, adorned with planets and stars.
14.51.8
नदीपर्वतजालैश्च सर्वतः परिभूषितम् ।
विविधाभिस्तथा चाद्भिः सततं समलंकृतम् ॥ १४.५१.८ ॥
Adorned on all sides with a network of rivers and mountains, and constantly well decked with various waters.
14.51.9
अजितं सर्वभूतानां सर्वप्राणभृतां गतिः ।
एतद्ब्रह्मवनं नित्यं तस्मिंश्चरति क्षेत्रवित् ॥ १४.५१.९ ॥
Unconquerable by all beings, the goal of all living creatures — this forest of Brahman is eternal, and in it the knower of the field moves about.
14.51.10
लोकेऽस्मिन्यानि सत्वानि त्रसानि स्थावराणि च ।
तान्येवाग्रे प्रलीयन्ते पश्चाद्भूतकृता गुणाः।
गुणेभ्यः पञ्च भूतानि एष भूतसमुच्छ्रयः ॥ १४.५१.१० ॥
In this world, whatever beings there are, mobile and immobile, they first dissolve; afterwards the qualities produced by the elements dissolve. From the qualities come the five elements — this is the aggregate of the elements.
14.51.11
देवा मनुष्या गन्धर्वाः पिशाचासुरराक्षसाः ।
सर्वे स्वभावतः सृष्टा न क्रियाभ्यो न कारणात् ॥ १४.५१.११ ॥
Gods, humans, gandharvas, piśācas, asuras and rākṣasas — all were created by their own nature, not from actions, nor from any cause.
14.51.12
एते विश्वसृजो विप्रा जायन्तीह पुनः पुनः ।
तेभ्यः प्रसूतास्तेष्वेव महाभूतेषु पञ्चसु।
प्रलीयन्ते यथाकालमूर्मयः सागरे यथा ॥ १४.५१.१२ ॥
These sages, the creators of the world, are born here again and again; born from them, they dissolve in due time into those very five great elements, as waves dissolve in the ocean.
14.51.13
विश्वसृग्भ्यस्तु भूतेभ्यो महाभूतास्तु सर्वशः ।
भूतेब्यश्चापि पञ्चभ्यो भुक्तो गच्छेत्परां गतिम् ॥ १४.५१.१३ ॥
From the world-creators and from the beings, the great elements arise entirely; and one who has been enjoyed by the five elements should go to the supreme goal.
14.51.14
प्रजापतिरिदं सर्वं मनसैवासृजत्प्रभुः ।
तथैव देवानृषयस्तपसा प्रतिपेदिरे ॥ १४.५१.१४ ॥
The lord Prajāpati created all this by mind alone; in the same way the gods and sages attained it through austerity.
14.51.15
तपसश्चानुपूर्व्येण फलमूलाशिनस्तथा ।
त्रैलोक्यं तपसा सिद्धाः पश्यन्तीह समाहिताः ॥ १४.५१.१५ ॥
By the due order of austerity, those who eat fruits and roots, and the perfected ones, likewise, through austerity and composed here, see the three worlds.
14.51.16
औषधान्यगदादीनि नानाविद्याश्च सर्वशः ।
तपसैव प्रसिद्ध्यन्ति तपोमूलं हि साधनम् ॥ १४.५१.१६ ॥
Medicinal herbs, antidotes and the like, and various sciences, are in every way accomplished only through austerity, for austerity is the root of the means.
14.51.17
यद्दुरापं दुराम्नायं दुराधर्षं दुरन्वयम् ।
तत्सर्वं तपसा साध्यं तपो हि दुरतिक्रमम् ॥ १४.५१.१७ ॥
Whatever is hard to obtain, hard to learn by tradition, hard to withstand, hard to follow, all that is to be accomplished through austerity, for austerity is hard to transgress.
14.51.18
सुरापो ब्रह्महा स्तेनो भ्रूणहागुरुतल्पगः ।
तपसैव सुतप्तेन मुच्यते किल्बिषात्ततः ॥ १४.५१.१८ ॥
The drinker of liquor, the slayer of a Brahmin, the thief, the slayer of an embryo, the violator of a guru's bed — even he is freed from sin by austerity well performed.
14.51.19
मनुष्याः पितरो देवाः पशवो मृगपक्षिणः ।
यानि चान्यानि भूतानि चराणि स्थावराणि च ॥ १४.५१.१९ ॥
Humans, ancestors, gods, beasts, deer and birds, and the other beings, both moving and unmoving.
14.51.20
तपःपरायणा नित्यं सिद्ध्यन्ते तपसा सदा ।
तथैव तपसा देवा महाभागा दिवं गताः ॥ १४.५१.२० ॥
Those always devoted to austerity always attain perfection through austerity; likewise the greatly fortunate gods went to heaven through austerity.
14.51.21
आशीर्युक्तानि कर्माणि कुर्वते ये त्वतन्द्रिताः ।
अहङ्कारसमायुक्तास्ते सकाशे प्रजापतेः ॥ १४.५१.२१ ॥
Those who perform desire-bound actions tirelessly, and are endowed with egoism, go to the presence of the Lord of creatures.
14.51.22
ध्यानयोगेन शुद्वेन निर्ममा निरहंकृताः ।
आप्नुवन्ति महात्मानो महान्तं लोकमुत्तमम् ॥ १४.५१.२२ ॥
Through the pure yoga of meditation, free from possessiveness and free from egoism, the great souls attain the supreme and great world.
14.51.23
ध्यानयोगमुपागम्य प्रसन्नमतयः सदा ।
सुखोपचयमव्यक्तं प्रविशन्त्यात्मवित्तमाः ॥ १४.५१.२३ ॥
Having resorted to the yoga of meditation, ever serene in mind, the best of those who know the self enter the unmanifest, abounding in bliss.
14.51.24
ध्यानयोगादुपागम्य निर्ममा निरहंकृताः ।
अव्यक्तं प्रविशन्तीह महतां लोकमुत्तमम् ॥ १४.५१.२४ ॥
Having resorted to the yoga of meditation, free from possessiveness and free from egoism, they enter here the unmanifest, the supreme world of the great.
14.51.25
अव्यक्तादेव सम्भूताः समयज्ञा गताः पुनः ।
तमोरजोभ्यां निर्मुक्ताः सत्वमास्थाय केवलम् ॥ १४.५१.२५ ॥
Those born from the unmanifest, knowers of the proper time, went back again, freed from darkness and passion, taking refuge in pure goodness alone.
14.51.26
निर्मुक्तः सर्वपापेभ्यः सर्वं त्यजति निष्कलः ।
क्षेत्रज्ञ इति तं विद्याद्यस्तं वेद स वेदवित् ॥ १४.५१.२६ ॥
Freed from all sins, he gives up everything; he is the partless one. He should be known as the knower of the field; whoever knows him is indeed a knower of the Vedas.
14.51.27
चित्तं चित्तादुपागम्य मुनिरासीत संयतः ।
यच्चित्तस्तन्मना भूत्वा ग्राह्यमेतत्सनातनम् ॥ १४.५१.२७ ॥
Drawing near the mind by means of the mind, the sage should sit self-restrained; having made his mind one with that on which his thought is fixed, let him grasp this eternal truth.
14.51.28
अव्यक्तादिविशेषान्तमविद्यालक्षणं स्मृतम् ।
निबोधत तथा ज्ञानं गुणैर्लक्षणमित्युत ॥ १४.५१.२८ ॥
From the unmanifest down to the final distinction, ignorance is said to be the characteristic mark; understand it. Likewise, knowledge is characterized by the qualities—this is the definition.
14.51.29
द्व्यक्षरस्तु भवेन्मृत्युस्त्र्यक्षरं ब्रह्म शाश्वतम् ।
ममेति च भवेन्मृत्युर्न ममेति च शाश्वतम् ॥ १४.५१.२९ ॥
The two-syllabled word means death, but the three-syllabled Brahman is eternal. To say 'mine' is death; to say 'not mine' is eternal.
14.51.30
कर्म केचित्प्रशंसन्ति मन्दबुद्धितया नराः ।
ये तु वृद्धा महात्मानो न प्रशंसन्ति कर्म ते ॥ १४.५१.३० ॥
Some men, through dull intelligence, praise action; but the elders and great souls do not praise action.
14.51.31
कर्मणा जायते जन्तुर्मूर्तिमान्षोडशात्मकः ।
पुरुषं ग्रसते विद्या तद्ग्राह्यममृताशिनम् ॥ १४.५१.३१ ॥
By action a living being is born, embodied, of sixteen parts. Knowledge seizes the person; that is to be grasped, the eater of immortality.
14.51.32
तस्मात्कर्मसु निःस्नेहा ये केचित्पारदर्शिनः ।
विद्यामयोऽयं पुरुषो न तु कर्ममयः स्मृतः ॥ १४.५१.३२ ॥
Therefore, those seers of the far shore who are free from attachment to actions — this person is remembered as made of knowledge, not as made of action.
14.51.33
य एवममृतं नित्यमग्राह्यं शश्वदक्षरम् ।
वश्यात्मानमसंश्लिष्टं यो वेद न मृतो भवेत् ॥ १४.५१.३३ ॥
He who knows this immortal, eternal, ungraspable, perpetual, imperishable self, of subdued soul and unattached, does not become dead.
14.51.34
अपूर्वमकृतं नित्यं य एनमविचारिणम् ।
य एवं विन्देदात्मानमग्राह्यममृताशनम्।
अग्राह्यो ह्यमृतो भवति स एभिः कारणैर्ध्रुवः ॥ १४.५१.३४ ॥
He who finds this—unprecedented, uncaused, eternal, beyond reasoning—as the self in this way, the eater of immortality, becomes ungraspable and immortal; for these reasons he becomes firm.
14.51.35
आयोज्य सर्वसंस्कारान्संयम्यात्मानमात्मनि ।
स तद्ब्रह्म शुभं वेत्ति यस्माद्भूयो न विद्यते ॥ १४.५१.३५ ॥
Having applied all the refinements and restrained the self within the self, he knows that auspicious brahman, beyond which there is nothing further.
14.51.36
प्रसादे चैव सत्वस्य प्रसादं समवाप्नुयात् ।
लक्षणं हि प्रसादस्य यथा स्यात्स्वप्नदर्शनम् ॥ १४.५१.३६ ॥
And in the serenity of sattva one should fully attain serenity; the sign of serenity is just as seeing in dreams.
14.51.37
गतिरेषा तु मुक्तानां ये ज्ञानपरिनिष्ठिताः ।
प्रवृत्तयश्च याः सर्वाः पश्यन्ति परिणामजाः ॥ १४.५१.३७ ॥
This is the path of the liberated, who are firmly established in knowledge; they see all the activities that arise from transformation.
14.51.38
एषा गतिर्विरक्तानामेष धर्मः सनातनः ।
एषा ज्ञानवतां प्राप्तिरेतद्वृत्तमनिन्दितम् ॥ १४.५१.३८ ॥
This is the path of the dispassionate; this is the eternal dharma. This is the attainment of the wise; this is blameless conduct.
14.51.39
समेन सर्वभूतेषु निस्पृहेण निराशिषा ।
शक्या गतिरियं गन्तुं सर्वत्र समदर्शिना ॥ १४.५१.३९ ॥
This path can be walked by one who is even-minded toward all beings, free from craving and from hope of reward, seeing alike everywhere.
14.51.40
एतद्वः सर्वमाख्यातं मया विप्रर्षिसत्तमाः ।
एवमाचरत क्षिप्रं ततः सिद्धिमवाप्स्यथ ॥ १४.५१.४० ॥
O best of the brahmin sages, I have declared all of this to you. Practise thus quickly, and then you will attain perfection.
14.51.41
इत्युक्तास्ते तु मुनयो गुरुणा ब्रह्मणा तथा ।
कृतवन्तो महात्मानस्ततो लोकमवाप्नुवन् ॥ १४.५१.४१ ॥
Thus addressed by the teacher Brahmā, those great-souled sages did so, and then they attained that world.
14.51.42
त्वमप्येतन्महाभाग मयोक्तं ब्रह्मणो वचः ।
सम्यगाचर शुद्धात्भंस्ततः सिद्धिमवाप्स्यसि ॥ १४.५१.४२ ॥
O greatly fortunate one, this word of Brahmā has been spoken by me to you; practise it rightly, O pure-souled one, and then you will attain perfection.
14.51.43
इत्युक्तः स तदा शिष्यो गुरुणा धर्ममुत्तमम् ।
चकार सर्वं कौन्तेय ततो मोक्षमवाप्तवान् ॥ १४.५१.४३ ॥
Thus addressed by his teacher, that disciple then carried out the supreme dharma in full, son of Kuntī, and so he attained liberation.
14.51.44
कृतकृत्यश्च स तदा शिष्यः कुरुकुलोद्वह ।
तत्पदं समनुप्राप्तो यत्र गत्वा न शोचति ॥ १४.५१.४४ ॥
Having accomplished his task, that disciple then reached that state, bearer of the Kuru line, where, once gone, one does not grieve.
14.51.45
को न्वसौ ब्राह्मणः कृष्ण कश्च शिष्यो जनार्दन ।
श्रोतव्यं चेन्मयैतद्वै तत्त्वमाचक्ष्व मे विभो ॥ १४.५१.४५ ॥
Who was that brahmin, Kṛṣṇa, and who was the disciple, Janārdana? If it is fit for me to hear this, tell me that truth, O mighty one.
14.51.46
अहं गुरुर्महाबाहो मनः शिष्य च विद्धि मे ।
त्वत्प्रीत्या गुह्यमेतच्च कथितं ते धनंजय ॥ १४.५१.४६ ॥
I am the teacher, O mighty-armed one, and know the mind to be my disciple. Out of love for you, Dhanaṃjaya, this secret has been told to you.
14.51.47
मयि चेदस्ति ते प्रीतिर्नित्यं कुरुकुलोद्वह ।
अध्यात्ममेतच्छ्रुत्वा त्वं सम्यगाचर सुव्रत ॥ १४.५१.४७ ॥
If your love for me is constant, bearer of the Kuru line, then having heard this inner teaching, practise it fully, O one of good vows.
14.51.48
ततस्त्वं सम्यगाचीर्णो धर्मेऽस्मिन्नरिकर्शन ।
सर्वपापविनिर्मुक्तो मोक्षं प्राप्स्यसि केवलम् ॥ १४.५१.४८ ॥
Then, having practised this dharma fully, tormentor of foes, freed from all sins, you will attain liberation alone.
14.51.49
पूर्वमप्येतदेवोक्तं युद्धकाल उपस्थिते ।
मया तव महाबाहो तस्मादत्र मनः कुरु ॥ १४.५१.४९ ॥
Mighty-armed one, I told you this same thing earlier, when the time of battle had come; therefore set your mind upon it here.
14.51.50
मया तु भरतश्रेष्ठ चिरदृष्टः पिता प्रभुः ।
तमहं द्रष्टमिच्छामि सम्मते तव फल्गुन ॥ १४.५१.५० ॥
Best of the Bharatas, I have not seen my lord and father for a long time; Phalguna, with your consent I wish to see him.
14.51.51
इत्युक्तवचनं कृष्णं प्रत्युवाच धनंजयः ।
यदिष्टं कुरु सर्वेषामीश्वरोऽस्मान्प्रपालय ॥ १४.५१.५१ ॥
When Kṛṣṇa had spoken thus, Dhanaṃjaya replied to him: Do what is desired by all; O Lord, protect us.
14.51.52
नमस्ते सर्वलोकात्मन्नारायण परात्पर ।
मनोमलात्तपोशक्यं कर्म चाविद्यया हतम्। ॥ १४.५१.५२ ॥
Homage to you, Nārāyaṇa, soul of all worlds, higher than the highest; action that is attainable by austerity is destroyed by ignorance, through the impurity of the mind.
14.51.53
दानमप्यर्थदोषेणि नाम तस्मात्कलौ स्मरेत् ।
यदि गन्तुं कृता बुद्धिर्वासुदेव नमोस्तु ते।
गच्छावो नगरं कृष्ण गजसाह्वयमद्य वै ॥ १४.५१.५३ ॥
Even a gift is tainted by the fault of greed, and so in the Kali age one should remember this. Vāsudeva, if your resolve is made to go, homage to you; Kṛṣṇa, let us go today to the city called Gajasāhvaya.
14.51.54
समेत्य तत्रि राजानं धर्मात्मानं युधिष्ठिरम् ।
समनुज्ञाप्य राजानं स्वां पुरीं यातुमर्हसि ॥ १४.५१.५४ ॥
There, having met King Yudhiṣṭhira, the righteous-souled, and having obtained the king's permission, you should go to your own city.