Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 3.151
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3.151.1
एवमुक्तो महाबाहुर्भीमसेनः प्रतापवान् ।
प्रणिपत्य ततः प्रीत्या भ्रातरं हृष्टमानसः ॥ ३.१५१.१ ॥
Thus addressed, the mighty-armed and valiant Bhīmasena then bowed to his brother with affection, his mind gladdened.
3.151.2
उवाच श्लक्ष्णया वाचा हनूमन्तं कपीश्वरम् ।
मत्तो धन्यतरो नास्ति यदार्यं दृष्टवानहम् ॥ ३.१५१.२ ॥
In a gentle voice he said to Hanumān, lord of monkeys: "No one is more fortunate than I, for I have seen the noble one."
3.151.3
अनुग्रहो मे सुमहांस्तृप्तिश्च तव दर्शनात् ।
एतत्तु कृतमिच्छामि त्वयाऽऽर्येण प्रियं मम ॥ ३.१५१.३ ॥
Great is the favour I have received, and my satisfaction comes from seeing you. Noble one, I wish you would do this dear thing for me.
3.151.4
यत्त्वेतदासीत्प्लवतः सागरं मकरालयम् ।
रूपमप्रतिमं वीर तदिच्छामि नीरीक्षितुम् ॥ ३.१५१.४ ॥
That incomparable form you had, hero, when you were leaping over the ocean, the abode of sea-monsters — I wish to see it fully.
3.151.5
एवं तुष्टो मभिष्यामि श्रद्धास्यामि च ते वचः ।
एवमुक्तः स तेजस्वी प्रहस्य हरिरब्रवीत् ॥ ३.१५१.५ ॥
"Thus I shall be content and place faith in your words." Thus addressed, the radiant Hari (Hanumān) smiled and spoke.
3.151.6
न तच्छक्यं त्वया द्रष्टुं रूपं नान्येन केनचित् ।
कालावस्था तदा ह्यन्या वर्तते सा न सांप्रतम्।
ततोऽद्य दुष्करं द्रष्टुं मम रूपं नरोत्तम ॥ ३.१५१.६ ॥
"Best of men, you cannot see that form of mine, nor can anyone else. The state of time then was different; it is not so now. Therefore today my form is hard to see."
3.151.7
अन्यः कृतयुगे कालश्रेतायां द्वापरे परः ।
अयं प्रध्वंसनः कालो नाद्य तद्रूपमस्ति मे ॥ ३.१५१.७ ॥
In the Kṛta age time was one thing, in the Tretā and in the Dvāpara another. This time is destructive, so today I do not have that form.
3.151.8
भूमिर्नद्यो नगाः शैलाः सिद्धा देवा महर्षयः ।
कालं समनुवर्तन्ते यथा भावा युगेयुगे ॥ ३.१५१.८ ॥
Earth, rivers, trees, mountains, perfected beings, gods and great sages all follow time, as all beings do, age after age.
3.151.9
कालंकालं समासाद्य नराणां नरपुङ्गव ।
बलवर्ष्मप्रभावा हि प्रहीयन्त्युद्भवन्ति च ॥ ३.१५१.९ ॥
O bull among men, reaching time after time, the strength, bodily stature and power of men decline and rise again.
3.151.10
तदलं बत तद्रूपं द्रष्टुं कुरुकुलोद्वह ।
युगं समनुवर्तामि कालो हि दुरतिक्रमः ॥ ३.१५१.१० ॥
Therefore, bearer of the Kuru lineage, it is useless to see that form. I follow the age, for time is hard to overcome.
3.151.11
युगसङ्ख्यां समाचक्ष्व आचारं च युगेयुगे ।
धर्मकामार्थभावांश्च कर्मवीर्ये भवाभवौ ॥ ३.१५१.११ ॥
Tell me the number of the ages and the conduct of each age, and the states of dharma, desire and wealth, and action and valour, and existence and non-existence.
3.151.12
हनूमानुवाच ।
कृतं नाम युगं श्रेष्ठं यत्रधर्मः सनातनः।
कृतमेव न कर्तव्यं तस्मिन्काले युगोत्तमे ॥ ३.१५१.१२ ॥
Hanūmān said: The age named Kṛta is the best, where eternal dharma is. In that supreme age nothing needs to be done.
3.151.13
न तत्र धर्माः सीदन्ति क्षीयन्ते न च वै प्रजाः ।
ततः कृतयुगं नाम कालेन गुणतां गतम् ॥ ३.१५१.१३ ॥
There the dharmas do not decline, nor do creatures perish; therefore in time that age came to be called the Kṛta age, and to be known for its quality.
3.151.14
देवदानवगन्धर्वयक्षराक्षसपन्नगाः ।
नासन्कृतयुगे तात तदा न क्रयविक्रयः ॥ ३.१५१.१४ ॥
Dear one, in the Kṛta age there were no gods, dānavas, gandharvas, yakṣas, rākṣasas or serpents; and at that time there was no buying or selling.
3.151.15
न सामऋग्यजुर्वर्णाः क्रिया नासीच्च मानवी ।
अभिध्याय फलं तत्र धर्मः संन्यास एव च ॥ ३.१५१.१५ ॥
There were no classes of the Sāma, Ṛg and Yajur Vedas, and no human rite; there was no meditating on fruits, and dharma itself was renunciation.
3.151.16
न तस्मिन्युगसंसर्गे व्याधयो नेन्द्रियक्षयः ।
नासूया नापि रुदितं न दर्पो नापि वैकृतम् ॥ ३.१५१.१६ ॥
In that age there were no diseases nor decay of the senses; no envy, nor weeping; no pride, nor deformity.
3.151.17
न विग्रहः कुतस्तन्द्री न द्वेषो न च पैशुनम् ।
न भयं नापि संतापो न चेर्ष्या न च मत्सरः ॥ ३.१५१.१७ ॥
There was no strife, so whence would sloth come? There was no hatred nor slander; no fear nor distress; no jealousy nor resentment.
3.151.18
ततः परमकं ब्रह्म सा गतिर्योगिनां परा ।
आत्मा च सर्वभूतानां शुक्लो नारायणस्तदा ॥ ३.१५१.१८ ॥
Then the supreme Brahman was the highest goal of the yogis, and the self of all beings was the white Nārāyaṇa.
3.151.19
ब्राह्मणआः क्षत्रिया वैश्याः शूद्राश्च कृतलक्षणाः ।
कृते युगे समभवन्स्वकर्मनिरताः प्रजाः ॥ ३.१५१.१९ ॥
In the Kṛta age, brahmins, kṣatriyas, vaiśyas and śūdras alike, marked by the signs of the Kṛta, were all intent on their own duties.
3.151.20
समाश्रयं समाचारं समज्ञानं च केवलम् ।
तदा हि समकर्माणो वर्णा धर्मानवाप्नुवन् ॥ ३.१५१.२० ॥
Then the classes had one refuge, one conduct and entirely one knowledge; performing equal duties, they attained dharma.
3.151.21
एकदेवसदायुक्ता एकमन्त्रविधिक्रियाः ।
पृथग्धर्मास्त्वेकवेदा धर्ममेकमनुव्रताः ॥ ३.१५१.२१ ॥
Always devoted to one god, performing rites with one mantra and one method, they had separate duties yet one Veda, and followed one dharma.
3.151.22
चातुराश्रम्ययुक्तेन कर्मणा कालयोगिना ।
अकामफलसंयोगात्प्राप्नुवन्ति परां गतिम् ॥ ३.१५१.२२ ॥
Through action fitted to the four stages of life and to the age, and through union with fruits not desired, they attained the supreme goal.
3.151.23
आत्मयोगसमायुक्तो धर्मोऽयं कृतलक्षणः ।
कृते युगे चतुष्पादश्चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य शाश्वतः ॥ ३.१५१.२३ ॥
This dharma, joined with the yoga of the self, marked by the signs of the Kṛta, four-footed, was eternal for the fourfold order of classes.
3.151.24
कामः कामयमानेषु ब्राह्मणेषु तिरोहितः ।
एतत्कृतयुगं नाम त्रैगुण्यपरिवर्जितम् ॥ ३.१५१.२४ ॥
Among brahmins who desired, desire was hidden; this is called the Kṛta age, free from the three qualities.
3.151.25
त्रेतामपि निबोध त्वं यस्मन्सत्रं प्रवर्तते ।
पादेन ह्रसते धर्मो रक्ततां याति चाच्युतः ॥ ३.१५१.२५ ॥
Know also the Tretā age, in which sacrificial sessions are carried on: dharma diminishes by a quarter, and the Infallible one takes on a reddish hue.
3.151.26
सत्यप्रवृत्ताश्च नराः क्रिया धर्मपरायणाः ।
ततो यज्ञाः प्रवर्तन्ते धर्माश्चविविधाः क्रियाः ॥ ३.१५१.२६ ॥
Men devoted to truth, doing rites intent on dharma: then sacrifices are carried on, and manifold religious rites take place.
3.151.27
त्रेतायां भावसंकल्पाः क्रियादानफलोपगाः ।
प्रचलन्ति न वै धर्मात्तपोदानपरायणाः।
स्वधर्मस्थाः क्रियावन्तो नरास्त्रेतायुगेऽभवन् ॥ ३.१५१.२७ ॥
In the Tretā age, people of pure intent and resolve, reaping the fruit of rite and gift, did not stray from dharma; intent on austerity and giving, men abiding in their own duty were performers of rites in the Tretā age.
3.151.28
द्वापरे च युगे धर्मो द्विभागो नः प्रवर्तते ।
विष्णुर्वै पीततां याति चतुर्धा वेद एव च ॥ ३.१५१.२८ ॥
In the Dvāpara age, for us, dharma runs in two parts; Viṣṇu takes on a yellowish hue, and the Veda becomes fourfold.
3.151.29
ततोऽन्ये च चतुर्वेदास्त्रिवेदाश्च तथा परे ।
द्विवेदाश्चैकवेदाश्चाप्यनृचश्च तथा परे ॥ ३.१५१.२९ ॥
Then there are others with four Vedas, and others with three, and others again with two, with one Veda, and even those without the ṛc-verses.
3.151.30
एवं शास्त्रेषु भिननेषु बहुधा नीयते क्रिया ।
तपोदानप्रवृत्ता च राजसी भवति प्रजा ॥ ३.१५१.३० ॥
Thus, when the scriptures are divided, rites are carried on in many ways, and even a people engaged in austerity and giving becomes rājasic.
3.151.31
एकवेदस्य चाज्ञानाद्वेदास्ते बहवः कृताः ।
सत्यस्य चेह विभ्रंशात्सत्ये कश्चिदवस्थितः ॥ ३.१५१.३१ ॥
Through ignorance of the one Veda, those Vedas were made many; and here, through the decline of truth, only someone remains established in truth.
3.151.32
सत्यात्प्रच्यवमानानां व्याघयो बहवोऽभवन् ।
कामाश्चोपद्रवाश्चैव तदा वै दैवकारिताः ॥ ३.१५१.३२ ॥
Upon those who fell away from truth, many diseases came; and then desires and calamities too were brought about by fate.
3.151.33
यैरर्द्यभानाः सुभृशं तपस्तप्यन्ति मानवाः ।
कामकामाः स्वर्गकामा यज्ञांस्तन्वन्ति चापरे ॥ ३.१५१.३३ ॥
Tormented greatly by which, humans perform austerity — some desiring desires, some desiring heaven — and others perform sacrifices.
3.151.34
एवं द्वापरमासाद्य प्रजाः क्षीयन्त्यधर्मतः ।
पादेनैकेन कौन्तेय धर्मः कलियुगे स्थितः ॥ ३.१५१.३४ ॥
Thus, having reached the Dvāpara age, creatures decline through unrighteousness; O son of Kuntī, in the Kali age dharma stands on one foot.
3.151.35
तामसं युगमासाद्य कृष्णो भवति केशवः ।
वेदाचाराः प्रशाम्यन्ति धर्मयज्ञक्रियास्तथा ॥ ३.१५१.३५ ॥
Having reached the dark age, Kṛṣṇa (the black one) becomes Keśava; the Vedic observances come to rest, and likewise the rites of dharma and sacrifice.
3.151.36
ईतयो व्याधयस्तन्द्री दोषाः क्रोधादयस्तथा ।
उपद्रवाः प्रवर्तन्ते आधयो व्याधयस्तथा ॥ ३.१५१.३६ ॥
Calamities such as famine and plague, diseases, sloth, faults such as anger and the like, and disasters arise; likewise mental anguish and bodily ailments.
3.151.37
युगेष्वावर्तमानेषु धर्मो व्यावर्तते पुनः ।
धर्मे व्यावर्तमाने तु लोको व्यावर्तते पुनः ॥ ३.१५१.३७ ॥
As the yugas revolve, dharma again turns back; when dharma turns back, the world again turns back.
3.151.38
लोके क्षीणे क्षयं यानति भावा लोकप्रवर्तकाः ।
युगक्षयकृता धर्माः प्रार्थनानि विकुर्वते ॥ ३.१५१.३८ ॥
When the world is diminished, the states that drive the world pass into decay; the dharmas born of the yuga's decline and men's aspirations are corrupted.
3.151.39
एतत्कलियुगं नाम अचिराद्यत्प्रवर्तते ।
युगानुवर्तनं त्वेतत्कुर्वन्ति चिरजीविनः ॥ ३.१५१.३९ ॥
This is the age called Kali, which soon comes to pass; this is the following of the yuga, which the long-lived ones bring about.
3.151.40
यच्च ते मत्परिज्ञाने कौतूहलमरिंदम ।
अनर्थकेषु को भावः पुरुषस्य विजानतः ॥ ३.१५१.४० ॥
O subduer of foes, whatever curiosity you have about knowing me, and what the nature of a man is who knows concerning useless matters—
3.151.41
एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं यन्मां त्वं परिपृच्छसि ।
युगसङ्ख्यां महाबाहो स्वस्ति प्राप्नुहि गम्यताम् ॥ ३.१५१.४१ ॥
All of this which you ask me has been told to you. O mighty-armed one, the reckoning of the yugas has been declared. Attain well-being; now go on your way.