Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 3.183
हिन्दी · தமிழ் · తెలుగు · ಕನ್ನಡ · മലയാളം · বাংলা · मराठी · ગુજરાતી · ਪੰਜਾਬੀ · ଓଡ଼ିଆ · اردو · English · Español · Français · Deutsch · Português · Русский · 中文 · 日本語 · العربية · Bahasa Indonesia · ไทย
3.183.1
भवानेतादृशो लोके वेदवेदाङ्गपारगः ।
ब्रूहि किं कुर्वतः कर्म भवेद्गतिरनुत्तमा ॥ ३.१८३.१ ॥
You are such a master of the Vedas and their limbs in this world. Tell me: by performing what action does one attain the supreme destination?
3.183.2
पात्रे दत्त्वा प्रियाण्युक्त्वा सत्यमुक्त्वा च भारत ।
अहिंसानिरतः स्वर्गं गच्छेदिति मतिर्मम ॥ ३.१८३.२ ॥
O descendant of Bharata, one who gives to a worthy recipient, speaks pleasant words, speaks the truth, and is devoted to non-violence goes to heaven, so is my conviction.
3.183.3
दानाद्वा सर्प सत्याद्वा किमतो गुरु दृश्यते ।
अहिंसाप्रिययोश्चैव गुरुलाघवमुच्यताम् ॥ ३.१८३.३ ॥
O serpent, of giving and truth, which is seen as weightier? Tell me the relative weight of non-violence and pleasant speech.
3.183.4
दानं च सत्यं तत्त्वं वा अहिंसा प्रियमेव च ।
एषां कार्यगरीयस्त्वाद्दृश्यते गुरुलाघवम् ॥ ३.१८३.४ ॥
Giving, truth, the essential reality, non-violence, and pleasant speech—it is because of the weightiness of their effects that their relative weight is seen.
3.183.5
क्वचिद्दानप्रयोगाद्धि सत्यमेव विशिष्यते ।
सत्यवाक्याच्च राजेनद्र क्वचिद्दानं विशिष्यते ॥ ३.१८३.५ ॥
Sometimes, through the practice of giving, truth alone proves superior; and, O lord of kings, sometimes, through a truthful word, giving proves superior.
3.183.6
एवमेव महेष्वास प्रियवाक्यान्महीपते ।
अहिंसा दृश्यते गुर्वी ततश्च प्रियमिष्यते ॥ ३.१८३.६ ॥
Thus indeed, O great archer, O lord of the earth, non-violence is seen as weighty through pleasant words; therefore pleasant speech is also desired.
3.183.7
एवमेतद्भवेद्राजन्कार्यापेक्षमनन्तरम् ।
यदभिप्रेतमन्यत्ते ब्रूहि यावद्ब्रवीम्यहम् ॥ ३.१८३.७ ॥
So it may be, O king, depending on the matter at hand. Tell me whatever else you wish, as far as I am able to speak.
3.183.8
कथं स्वर्गे गतिः सर्प कर्मणां च फलं ध्रुवम् ।
अशरीरस्य दृश्येत प्रब्रूहि विषयांश्च मे ॥ ३.१८३.८ ॥
How is there a course to heaven, O serpent, and how is the fruit of actions surely seen by one without a body? Explain those matters to me as well.
3.183.9
तिस्रो वै गतयो राजन्परिदृष्टाः स्वकर्मभिः ।
मानुषं स्वर्गवासश्च तिर्यग्योनिश्च तत्रिधा ॥ ३.१८३.९ ॥
Three courses, O king, have been clearly seen through one's own actions: human birth, dwelling in heaven, and birth as an animal. These are threefold.
3.183.10
तत्र वै मानुषाल्लोकाद्दानादिभिरनादिभिः ।
अहिंसार्थसमायुक्तैः कारणैः स्वर्गमश्नुते ॥ ३.१८३.१० ॥
There, from the human world, by gifts and the like, and by causes joined with the aim of non-injury, a man attains heaven.
3.183.11
विपरीतैश्च राजेन्द्र कारणैर्मानुषो भवेत् ।
तिर्यग्योनिस्तथा तात विशेषश्चात्र वक्ष्यते ॥ ३.१८३.११ ॥
And by the opposite causes, O lord of kings, one becomes human; and likewise, dear one, an animal birth. And here a particular distinction will be told.
3.183.12
क्रामक्रोधसमायुक्तो हिंसालोभसमनवितः ।
मनुष्यत्वात्परिब्रष्टस्तिर्यग्योनौ प्रसूयते ॥ ३.१८३.१२ ॥
One joined with desire and anger, endowed with violence and greed, fallen from the state of being human, is born in an animal womb.
3.183.13
तिर्यग्योन्याः पृथग्भावो मनुष्यार्थे विधीयते ।
गवादिभ्यस्तथाऽश्वेभ्यो देवत्वमपि दृश्यते ॥ ३.१८३.१३ ॥
The separate condition of the animal wombs is ordained for the sake of human life; even from cattle and the like, and from horses, the state of a god is seen.
3.183.14
सोयमेता गतीस्तात जन्तुश्चरति कार्यवान् ।
निम्ने महति चात्मानमवस्थाप्य च वै नृप ॥ ३.१८३.१४ ॥
Dear one, this living being, bound by its deeds, wanders through these courses, O king, having established itself in both low and high places.
3.183.15
जातो जातश्च बलवान्भुङ्क्ते नाम्नाऽथ देहवान् ।
फलार्थस्तात निष्पृक्तः प्रजालक्षणभावनः ॥ ३.१८३.१५ ॥
Born again and again, strong and embodied, he enjoys by name; dear one, though seeking the fruit, he remains detached, cultivating the nature of creatures.
3.183.16
शब्दे स्पर्शे च रूपे च तथैव रसगन्धयोः ।
तस्याधिष्ठानमव्यग्रो ब्रूहि सर्प यथातथम् ॥ ३.१८३.१६ ॥
In sound, in touch, in form, and likewise in taste and smell — what is its seat? O serpent, tell me exactly as it is, undistracted.
3.183.17
किं न गृह्णासि विषयान्युगपत्त्वं महामते ।
एतावदुच्यतां चोक्तं सर्वं पन्नगसत्तम ॥ ३.१८३.१७ ॥
Why do you not grasp the sense-objects all at once? O great-minded one, let this much be told, and all that has been said, O best of serpents.
3.183.18
तदात्मद्रव्यमायुष्मन्देहसंश्रयणान्वितम् ।
करणाधिष्ठितं भोगानुपभुङ्क्ते यथाविथि ॥ ३.१८३.१८ ॥
That substance of the self, O long-lived one, joined with its dependence on the body and seated in the senses, enjoys its pleasures according to rule.
3.183.19
ज्ञानं चैवात्र बुद्धिश्च कमश्च भरतर्षभ ।
तस्य भोगाधिकरणे करणानि निबोध मे ॥ ३.१८३.१९ ॥
Here too there is knowledge, intellect, and action, O best of the Bharatas. Understand from me the instruments that are in the seat of its enjoyment.
3.183.20
मनसा तात पर्येति क्रमशो विषयानिमान् ।
विषयायतनत्वेन भूतात्मा क्षेत्रविष्ठितः ॥ ३.१८३.२० ॥
Dear one, by the mind alone the living self circles these objects in turn; the self of beings, situated in the field of the body, becomes the seat of the objects.
3.183.21
तत्रचापि नरव्याघ्र मनो जन्तोर्विधीयते ।
तस्माद्युगपदत्रास्य ग्रहणं नोपपद्यते ॥ ३.१८३.२१ ॥
There too, O tiger among men, the creature's mind is appointed (to one object). Therefore its apprehension of these together is not possible here.
3.183.22
स आत्मा पुरुषव्याघ्र भ्रुवोरन्तरमाश्रितः ।
बुद्धिं द्रव्येषु सृजति विविधेषु परावराम् ॥ ३.१८३.२२ ॥
That self, O tiger among men, dwelling between the brows, produces intellect of higher and lower kinds in the various substances.
3.183.23
बुद्धेरुत्तरकालं च वेदना दृश्यते बुधैः ।
एष वै राजशार्दूल विधिः क्षेत्रज्ञभावनः ॥ ३.१८३.२३ ॥
After the intellect, sensation is seen by the wise. This, O tiger among kings, is the procedure that brings about the awareness of the knower of the field.
3.183.24
मनसश्चापि बुद्धेश्च ब्रूहि मे लक्षणं परम् ।
एतदध्यात्मविदुषां परं कार्यं विधीयते ॥ ३.१८३.२४ ॥
Tell me the supreme characteristic of the mind and of the intellect. This is prescribed as the highest duty of those who know the self.
3.183.25
बुद्धिरात्मानुगाऽतीव उत्पातेन विधीयते ।
तदाश्रिता हि सा ज्ञेया बुद्धिस्तस्यैषिणी भवेत् ॥ ३.१८३.२५ ॥
The intellect follows the self and is brought about greatly through disturbance. Resting upon that, it should be known; the intellect becomes the seeker of it.
3.183.26
बुद्धिरुत्पद्यते कार्यान्मनस्तूत्पन्नमेव हि ।
बुद्धेर्गुणविधानेन मनस्तद्गुणवद्भवेत् ॥ ३.१८३.२६ ॥
The intellect arises from action, and the mind has indeed already arisen. By the ordering of the intellect's qualities, the mind becomes possessed of those same qualities.
3.183.27
एतद्विशेषणं तात मनोबुद्ध्योर्मयेरितम् ।
त्वमप्यत्राभिसंबुद्धः कथं वा मन्यसे स्वयम् ॥ ३.१८३.२७ ॥
This distinguishing mark of mind and intellect has been declared by me, my dear. You too are fully awakened to it; how do you yourself regard it?
3.183.28
अहो बुद्धिमतांश्रेष्ठ शुभा बुद्धिरियं तव ।
विदितं वेदितव्यं ते कस्मान्नहुष पृच्छसि ॥ ३.१८३.२८ ॥
Ah, best of the wise! Your intellect is auspicious. What is to be known has already been known by you; why do you ask, O Nahuṣa?
3.183.29
सर्वज्ञं त्वां कथं मोह आविशत्स्वर्गवासिनम् ।
एवमद्भुतकर्माणमिति मे संशयो महान् ॥ ३.१८३.२९ ॥
How did delusion enter you, the all-knowing one, the dweller in heaven? This is my great doubt concerning you, who perform such wondrous deeds.
3.183.30
सुप्रज्ञमपि चेच्छूरमृद्धिर्मोहयते नरम् ।
वर्तमानः सुखे सर्वो नावैतीति मतिर्मम ॥ ३.१८३.३० ॥
Even a man of great wisdom and valour is deluded by prosperity; everyone who dwells in happiness fails to understand this, such is my view.
3.183.31
सोहमैश्वर्यमोहेन मदाविष्टो युधिष्ठिर ।
पतितः प्रतिसंबुद्धस्त्वां तु संबोधयाम्यहम् ॥ ३.१८३.३१ ॥
I, seized by intoxication from the delusion of power, O Yudhiṣṭhira, fell; now, having come to my senses, I awaken you.
3.183.32
कृतंकार्यं महाराज त्वया मम परंतप ।
क्षीणः शाप सुकृच्छ्रो मे त्वया संभाष्य साधुना ॥ ३.१८३.३२ ॥
You have done my task, O great king, O scorcher of foes; having spoken with you, the virtuous one, my hard curse is spent.
3.183.33
अहं हि दिवि दिव्येन विमानन चरन्पुरा ।
अभिमानेन मत्तः सन्कंचिन्नान्यमचिन्तयम् ॥ ३.१८३.३३ ॥
Formerly I moved about in heaven in a divine celestial car; intoxicated by arrogance, I did not think of anyone else at all.
3.183.34
ब्रह्मर्षिदेघगन्धर्वयक्षराक्षसपन्नगाः ।
वरं मम प्रयच्छन्ति सर्वे त्रैलोक्यवासिनः ॥ ३.१८३.३४ ॥
Brahmarṣis, gods, gandharvas, yakṣas, rākṣasas and serpents—all dwellers of the three worlds—granted me boons.
3.183.35
चक्षुषा यं प्रपश्यामि प्राणिनं पृथिवीपते ।
तस्य तेजो हराम्याशु तद्धि दृष्टेर्बलं मम ॥ ३.१८३.३५ ॥
O lord of the earth, the living being upon whom I gaze with my eye—its radiance I swiftly take away, for my power lies in my sight.
3.183.36
ब्रह्मर्षीणां सरस्रं हि उवाह शिबिकां मम ।
कस मामपनयो राजन्भ्रंशयामास वै श्रियः ॥ ३.१८३.३६ ॥
The brahmin sages used to carry my palanquin; O king, who removed me and cast me down from my splendor?
3.183.37
तत्र ह्यगस्त्यः पादेन वहन्स्पृष्टो महामुनिः ।
अगस्त्येन ततोस्म्युक्तो ध्वंस सर्पेति वैरुषा ॥ ३.१८३.३७ ॥
There the great sage Agastya, as he bore the palanquin, touched me with his foot. Then Agastya said in anger, 'Serpent, fall!'
3.183.38
ततस्तस्माद्विमानाग्र्यात्प्रच्युतश्च्युतलक्षणः ।
प्रपतन्बुबुधेऽऽत्मानं व्यालीभूतमधोमुखम् ॥ ३.१८३.३८ ॥
Then, fallen from that foremost celestial car, bearing the marks of one fallen, I perceived as I fell that I had become a serpent, face downward.
3.183.39
अयाचं तमहं विप्रं शापस्यान्तो भवेदिति ।
प्रमादात्संप्रमूढस्य भगवन्क्षन्तुमर्हसि ॥ ३.१८३.३९ ॥
I begged that brahmin, 'May there be an end to the curse.' O venerable one, you should forgive me, bewildered through heedlessness.
3.183.40
ततः स मामुवाचेदं प्रपतन्तं कृपानवितः ।
युधिष्ठिरो धर्मराजः शापात्त्वां मोक्षयिष्यति ॥ ३.१८३.४० ॥
Then he, full of compassion, said to me as I fell: 'Yudhiṣṭhira, the king of dharma, will free you from this curse.'
3.183.41
अभिमानस्य वै तस्य बलस्य च नराधिप ।
फले क्षीणे महाराज फलं पुण्यमवाप्स्यसि ॥ ३.१८३.४१ ॥
O lord of men, when the fruit of his pride and his strength is exhausted, O great king, you will obtain the fruit of merit.
3.183.42
ततो मे विस्मयो जातस्तद्दृष्ट्वा तपसो बलम् ।
ब्रह्म च ब्राह्मणत्वं च येन त्वाऽहमचूचुदम् ॥ ३.१८३.४२ ॥
Then I was struck with wonder, seeing the power of that asceticism, the sacred knowledge and the brahminhood, by which I caused you to be told this.
3.183.43
सत्यं दमस्तपो योगमहिंसा ज्ञाननित्यता ।
साधकानि सतां पुंसां न जातिर्नकुलं नृप ॥ ३.१८३.४३ ॥
Truth, self-restraint, austerity, yoga, non-violence, and constancy in knowledge — these are the means of attainment for good men, not birth or lineage, O king.
3.183.44
अरिष्ट कएष ते भ्राता मुक्तो बीमो महाभुज ।
स्वस्ति तेऽस्तु महाराज गमिष्यामि दिवं पुनः ॥ ३.१८३.४४ ॥
Ariṣṭa, here is your brother, the mighty-armed Bhīma, freed. May there be well-being for you, great king; now I shall go again to heaven.
3.183.45
स चायं पुरुषव्याघ्र कालः पुण्य उपागतः ।
तदस्मात्कारणात्पार्थ कार्यं तन्मे महत्कृतम् ॥ ३.१८३.४५ ॥
And this, O tiger among men, is the auspicious time that has come. For this reason, O son of Pṛthā, that great task of mine has been accomplished.
3.183.46
ततस्तस्मिन्मुहूर्ते तु विमानं कामगामि वै ।
अवपातेन महता तत्रावाप तदुत्तमम् ॥ ३.१८३.४६ ॥
Then at that very moment a celestial car that moved at will descended, and there, with a great descent, he obtained that excellent vehicle.
3.183.47
इत्युक्त्वाऽऽजगरं देहं मुक्त्वा स नहुषो नृपः ।
दिव्यं वपुः समास्थाय गतस्त्रिदिवमेव ह ॥ ३.१८३.४७ ॥
Having spoken thus, King Nahuṣa cast off the serpent's body, assumed a divine form, and went to heaven.
3.183.48
युधिष्ठिरोपि धर्मात्मा भ्रात्रा भीमेन संगतः ।
धौम्येन सहितः श्रीमानाश्रमं पुनरागमत् ॥ ३.१८३.४८ ॥
Yudhiṣṭhira, the righteous-souled, also reunited with his brother Bhīma and, accompanied by Dhaumya, returned again to the glorious hermitage.
3.183.49
ततो द्विजेभ्यः सर्वेभ्यः समेतेभ्यो यथातथम् ।
कथयामास तत्सर्वं धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ॥ ३.१८३.४९ ॥
Then to all the assembled brahmins Yudhiṣṭhira, the king of dharma, related all of it exactly as it had happened.
3.183.50
तच्छ्रुत्वा ते द्विजाः सर्वे भ्रातरश्चास्य ते त्रयः ।
आसन्सुव्रीडिता राजन्द्रौपदी च यशस्विनी ॥ ३.१८३.५० ॥
Having heard this, all the brahmins, his three brothers, and the glorious Draupadī were deeply ashamed, O king.
3.183.51
ते तु सर्वेद्विजश्रेष्ठाः पाण्डवानां हितेप्सया ।
मैवमित्यब्रुवन्भीमं गर्हयन्तोऽस् साहसम् ॥ ३.१८३.५१ ॥
But all those foremost brahmins, desiring the welfare of the Pāṇḍavas, rebuked Bhīma's rashness, saying, "Not so!"
3.183.52
पाण्डवास्तु भयान्पुक्तं प्रेक्ष्य भीमं महाबलम् ।
हर्षमाहारयांचक्रुर्विजह्रुश्च मुदा युताः ॥ ३.१८३.५२ ॥
The Pāṇḍavas, seeing the mighty Bhīma freed from fear, were filled with joy and passed their time in gladness.