Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 3.186
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3.186.1
तं विवक्षन्तमालक्ष्यकुरुराजो महामुनिम् ।
कथासंजननार्थाय चोदयामास पाण्डवः ॥ ३.१८६.१ ॥
Seeing the great sage about to speak, the king of the Kurus, the Pāṇḍava, urged him to begin the tale.
3.186.2
भवान्दैवतदैत्यानामृषीणां च महात्मनाम् ।
राजर्षीणां च सर्वेषां चरितज्ञः पुरातनः ॥ ३.१८६.२ ॥
You are an ancient one who knows the deeds of gods and demons, of the great-souled sages, and of all the royal sages.
3.186.3
सेव्यश्चोपासितव्यश् मतो नः काङ्क्षितश्चिरम् ।
अयं च देवकीपुत्रः प्राप्तोऽस्मानवलोककः ॥ ३.१८६.३ ॥
You are to be served and attended upon by us, long desired by us; and this son of Devakī has come to see us.
3.186.4
भ्रमत्येव हि मे बुद्धिर्दृष्ट्वाऽऽत्मानं सुखाच्च्युतम् ।
धार्तराष्ट्रांश्च रदुर्त्तानृद्ध्यतः प्रेक्ष्य सर्वशः ॥ ३.१८६.४ ॥
Seeing myself fallen from happiness, and seeing the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra thriving in every way, my mind indeed reels.
3.186.5
कर्मणः पुरुषः कर्ता शुभस्याप्यशुभस्य वा ।
स्वफलं तदुपाश्नापि कथं कर्ता स्विदीश्वरः ॥ ३.१८६.५ ॥
Man is the doer of action, whether good or evil; but how can the doer be the lord, even while enjoying its own fruit?
3.186.6
अथवा सुखदुःखेषु नृणां ब्रह्मविदांवर ।
इह वा कृतमन्वेति परदेहेऽथवा पुनः ॥ ३.१८६.६ ॥
Or, O best of those who know Brahman, does the deed done here follow man in his happiness and sorrow, or in another body, or again?
3.186.7
देही च देहं संत्यज्य मृग्यमाणः शुभाशुभैः ।
कथं संयुज्यतेप्रेत्य इह वा द्विजसत्तम ॥ ३.१८६.७ ॥
The embodied soul, having abandoned the body and sought out by good and bad deeds — how is it joined after death, here or elsewhere, best of the twice-born?
3.186.8
ऐहलौकिकमेवैतदुताहो पारलौकिकम् ।
क्व वा कर्माणि तिष्ठन्ति जन्तोः प्रेतस्य भार्गव ॥ ३.१८६.८ ॥
Is this of this world, or indeed of the other world? Where do the deeds of a creature remain once it is dead, O Bhārgava?
3.186.9
त्वद्युक्तोऽयमनुप्रश्नो यथावद्वदतांवर ।
विदितं वेदितव्यं ते स्थित्यर्थं त्वं तु पृच्छसि ॥ ३.१८६.९ ॥
This follow-up question is fitting for you, best of speakers. What you need to know is already known to you; it is for steadiness that you ask.
3.186.10
अत्र ते कथयिष्यामि तदिहैकमनाः शृणु ।
यथेहामुत्र च नर सुखदुःखमुपाश्नुते ॥ ३.१८६.१० ॥
On this I will tell you; listen here with a single mind, O man, how a person experiences pleasure and pain both here and there.
3.186.11
निर्मलानि शरीराणि विशुद्धानि शरीरिणाम् ।
ससर्ज धऱ्मतन्त्राणि पूर्वोत्पन्नः प्रजापतिः ॥ ३.१८६.११ ॥
Prajāpati, the primeval-born lord of creatures, created stainless and purified bodies for embodied beings, governed by dharma.
3.186.12
अमोघफलसंकल्पाः सुव्रताः सत्यवादिनः ।
ब्रह्मभूता नराः पुण्याः पुराणाः कुरुसत्तम ॥ ३.१८६.१२ ॥
Men of unfailing resolve, of good vows and truthful speech, become Brahman, pure and ancient, best of the Kurus.
3.186.13
सर्वे देवैः समायान्ति स्वच्छन्देन नभस्तलम् ।
ततश्च पुनरायान्ति सर्वे स्वच्छन्दचारिणः ॥ ३.१८६.१३ ॥
All come together with the gods at will to the surface of the sky; then all who move at will return again.
3.186.14
स्वच्चन्दमरणाश्चासन्नराः स्वच्छन्दजीविनः ।
अल्पबाधा निरातङ्काः सिद्धार्था निरुपद्रवाः ॥ ३.१८६.१४ ॥
They died at will and lived at will, men with little affliction, free from fear, their aims accomplished, free from calamity.
3.186.15
द्रष्टारोदेवसङ्घानामृषीणां च महात्मनाम् ।
प्रत्यक्षाः सर्वधर्माणां दान्ता विगतमत्सराः ॥ ३.१८६.१५ ॥
They beheld the multitudes of gods and the great-souled seers; all dharmas were visible to them; they were self-controlled and free from envy.
3.186.16
आसन्वर्षसहस्राणि तथा पुत्रसहस्रिणः ।
ततः कालान्तरे तस्मिन्पृथिवीतलचारिणः ॥ ३.१८६.१६ ॥
They lived for thousands of years and had thousands of sons. Then, in the course of time, they became those who wander on the surface of the earth.
3.186.17
कामक्रोधाभिभूतास्ते मायाव्याजोपजीविनः ।
लोभमोहाभिभूताश्च त्यक्ता देवैस्ततो नराः ॥ ३.१८६.१७ ॥
Overcome by desire and anger, living by illusion and deceit, overcome by greed and delusion, abandoned by the gods, those men became such.
3.186.18
अशुभैः कर्मभिः पापास्तिर्यङ्गिरयगामिनः ।
संसारेषु विचित्रेषु पच्यमानाः पुनः पुनः ॥ ३.१८६.१८ ॥
Sinful through evil deeds, bound for animal birth and hell, they were cooked again and again in the varied cycles of worldly existence.
3.186.19
मोघेष्टा मोघसंकल्पा मोघज्ञाना विचेतसः ।
काङ्क्षिणः सर्वकामानां नास्तिका भिन्नसेतवः ॥ ३.१८६.१९ ॥
Vain in their desires, vain in their resolves, vain in their knowledge, confused in mind, longing for all desires, unbelievers, who have broken the bridges.
3.186.20
सर्वाभिशङ्खिनश्चैव संवृत्ताः क्लेदायिनः ।
अशुभैः कर्मभिश्चापि प्रायशः परिचिह्निताः ॥ ३.१८६.२० ॥
They become suspicious of all, and bring decay; for the most part they are marked by inauspicious deeds.
3.186.21
दौष्कुल्या व्याधिबहुला दुरात्मानोऽभितापिनः ।
भवन्त्यल्पायुषः पापा रौद्रकर्मफलोदयाः।
नाथन्तः सर्वकामानां नास्तिका भिन्नचेतसः ॥ ३.१८६.२१ ॥
They are born into bad families, full of disease, evil-minded and tormented; they are short-lived, sinful, experiencing the fruits of cruel deeds; at the end of all desires they have no protector; they are unbelievers, of broken mind.
3.186.22
जन्तोः प्रेतस्य कौन्तेय गतिः स्वैरिह कर्मभिः ।
प्राज्ञस्य हीनबुद्धेश्च कर्मकोशः क्व तिष्ठति ॥ ३.१८६.२२ ॥
O son of Kuntī, the course of the living being and of the departed is determined here by their own deeds. Where does the treasury of deeds stand, of the wise and of the foolish?
3.186.23
क्वस्थस्तत्समुपाश्नाति सुकृतं यदि वेतरत् ।
इति ते दर्शनं यच्च तत्राप्यनुनयं शृणु ॥ ३.१८६.२३ ॥
Dwelling where does one enjoy the fruit of good deeds, or of the opposite? That is your view; now hear the resolution of it there as well.
3.186.24
अयमादिशरीरेण देवसृष्टेन मानवः ।
शुभानामशुभानां च कुरुते संचयं महत् ॥ ३.१८६.२४ ॥
This human being, with the primordial body created by the gods, accumulates a great store of good and bad deeds.
3.186.25
आयुषोऽन्ते प्रहायेदं क्षीणप्रायं कलेबरम् ।
संभवत्येव युगपद्योनौ नास्त्यन्तराऽभवः ॥ ३.१८६.२५ ॥
At the end of life, having abandoned this body, nearly worn out, he is born at once in a womb; there is no intermediate existence between.
3.186.26
तत्रास्य स्वकृतं कर्म च्छायेवानुगतं सदा ।
फलत्यथ सुखार्हो वा दुःखार्होवाऽथ जायते ॥ ३.१८६.२६ ॥
There, his own deed follows him always like a shadow and bears fruit; then he is born deserving happiness or deserving suffering.
3.186.27
कृतान्तविधिसंयुक्तः स जन्तुर्लक्षणैः शुभैः ।
अशुभैर्वा निरादानो लक्ष्यते ज्ञानदृष्टिभिः ॥ ३.१८६.२७ ॥
That living being, joined to the ordinance of death, is perceived by its auspicious or inauspicious marks, or, without attachment, by the eyes of knowledge.
3.186.28
एषा तावदबुद्धीनां गतिरुक्ता युधिष्ठिर ।
अतः परं ज्ञानवतां निबोध गतिमुत्तमाम् ॥ ३.१८६.२८ ॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, this, so far, is said to be the course of the unwise; now understand the highest course of the wise.
3.186.29
मनुष्यास्तप्ततपसः सर्वागमपरायणाः ।
स्थिरव्रताः सत्यपरा गुरुशुश्रूषणे रताः ॥ ३.१८६.२९ ॥
Men who have made their austerities burn bright, devoted to all scriptures, steadfast in their vows, intent on truth, and delighted in service to their teacher.
3.186.30
सुशीलाः शुक्लजातीयाः क्षान्ता दान्ताः सुतेजसः ।
शुचियोन्यन्तरगताः प्रायशः शुभलक्षणाः ॥ ३.१८६.३० ॥
Of good character, of bright lineage, patient, self-controlled, of great radiance, having entered pure wombs, mostly bearing auspicious marks.
3.186.31
जितेनद्रियत्वाद्वशिनः सत्कृत्यान्मन्दरागिणः ।
अल्पाबाधपरित्रासा भवन्ति निरुपद्रवाः ॥ ३.१८६.३१ ॥
Having conquered the senses, they are self-controlled; through honoring what is due they have little attachment, little pain and fear, and they become free from calamity.
3.186.32
च्यवन्तं जायमानं च गर्भस्यं चैव सर्वशः ।
स्वमात्मानं परं चैव बुध्यन्ते ज्ञानचक्षुषः ॥ ३.१८६.३२ ॥
Those with the eye of knowledge perceive in every way the one passing away, the one being born, and the one in the womb, and themselves and others as well.
3.186.33
ऋषयस्ते महात्मानः प्रत्यक्षागमबुद्धयः ।
कर्मभूमिमिमां प्राप्य पुनर्यान्ति सुरालयम्।
कृत्वा शुभानि कर्माणि ज्ञानेन भरतर्षभ ॥ ३.१८६.३३ ॥
Those great-souled sages, whose understanding rests on direct perception and scripture, having obtained this land of action and having performed auspicious deeds through knowledge, go again to the abode of the gods, O bull of the Bharatas.
3.186.34
किंचिद्दैवाद्धठात्किंचित्किंचिदेव स्वकर्मभिः ।
प्राप्नुवन्ति नरा राजन्मा तेऽस्त्वन्याविचारणा ॥ ३.१८६.३४ ॥
Men obtain some things by fate, some by force, and some indeed by their own deeds. O king, let there be no other reflection in you on this.
3.186.35
इमामत्रोपमां चापि निबोध वदतांवर ।
मनुष्यलोके यच्छ्रेयः परंमन्ये युधिष्ठिर ॥ ३.१८६.३५ ॥
O best of speakers, understand also this comparison. O Yudhiṣṭhira, understand what I consider the highest good in the world of men.
3.186.36
इहैवैकस्य नामुत्र अमुत्रैकस्य नो इह ।
इह चामुत्र चैकस् नामुत्रैकस्य नो इह ॥ ३.१८६.३६ ॥
For one there is only here, not there; for another only there, not here. For another both here and there; for one neither here nor there.
3.186.37
धनानि येषां विपुलानि सन्ति ।
नित्यंरमन्ते सुविभूषिताङ्गाः।
तेषामयं शत्रुवरघ्नलोको ।
नासौ सदा ग्राम्यसुखे रतानाम् ॥ ३.१८६.३७ ॥
Those who have vast wealth and always delight with well-adorned bodies — this world is not the world of the best slayers of foes; it belongs to those who are always devoted to worldly pleasure.
3.186.38
ये योगयुक्तास्तपसि प्रसक्ताः ।
स्वाध्यायशीला जरयन्ति देहान्।
जितेन्द्रिया भूतहिते निविष्टा ।
स्तेषामसौ नायमरिघ्नलोकः ॥ ३.१८६.३८ ॥
Those who are devoted to yoga, given to austerity, devoted to study of the scriptures, wearing down their bodies, who have conquered their senses and are fixed in the welfare of beings — their world is that; this is not the world of the foe-slayer.
3.186.39
ये धर्ममेव प्रथमं चरन्ति ।
धर्मेण लब्ध्वा च धनानि काले।
दारानवाप्य क्रतुभिर्यजन्ते ।
तेषामयं चैव परश्च लोकः ॥ ३.१८६.३९ ॥
Those who first practise dharma alone, who obtain wealth in due time by righteousness, who take wives and worship with sacrifices — for them is this world, and also the world beyond.
3.186.40
ये नैव विद्यां न तपो न दानं ।
न चापि मूढाः प्रजने यतन्ते।
न चापिगच्छन्ति शुभान्यभाग्या-
स्तेषामयं चैव परश्च नास्ति ॥ ३.१८६.४० ॥
Those who neither practise learning, nor austerity, nor giving, and who, deluded, do not even strive for progeny, and through misfortune do not attain what is auspicious — for them there is neither this world nor the world beyond.
3.186.41
सर्वे भवन्तस्त्वतिवीर्यसत्वा ।
दिव्यौजसः संहननोपपन्नाः।
लोकादमुष्मादवनिं प्रपन्नाः ।
स्वधीतविद्याः सुरकार्यहेतोः ॥ ३.१८६.४१ ॥
All of you are of exceeding valour and vigour, endowed with divine splendour and firm bodies; having come to the earth from that world for the sake of the gods' task, you have well mastered your learning.
3.186.42
कृत्वैव कर्माणइ महान्ति शूरा-
स्तपोदमाचारविहारशीलाः।
देवानृषीन्प्रेतगतांसच् सर्वा-
न्संतर्पयित्वा विधिना परेण ॥ ३.१८६.४२ ॥
Having performed great deeds, the heroes whose nature lies in austerity, self-restraint, conduct and way of life, having fully satisfied the gods, the sages, and all who have gone to the realm of the dead, according to the rule, with supreme devotion.
3.186.43
स्वर्गं परं पुण्यकृतां निवासं ।
क्रमेण संप्राप्स्यथ कर्मभिः स्वैः।
माभूद्विशङ्का तव कौरवेन्द्र ।
दृष्ट्वाऽऽत्मनः क्लेशमिमं सुखार्थम् ॥ ३.१८६.४३ ॥
You will attain in due order, by your own deeds, heaven, the supreme abode of those who have done meritorious acts. Let no doubt arise in you, lord of the Kauravas, having seen this suffering of yours undertaken for the sake of happiness.