Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 3.210
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3.210.1
चिन्तयित्वा तदाश्चर्यं स्त्रिया प्रोक्तमशेपतः ।
विनिन्दन्स द्विजोऽऽत्मानमागस्कृत इवाबभौ ॥ ३.२१०.१ ॥
Pondering that wonder, and recalling all that the woman had told him, the twice-born man, reproaching himself, appeared as one who had committed a fault.
3.210.2
चिन्तयानः स धर्मस्य सूक्ष्मां गतिमथाब्रवीत् ।
श्रद्दधानेन वै भाव्ये गच्छामि मिथिलामहम् ॥ ३.२१०.२ ॥
Pondering the subtle course of dharma, he then said: With faith in what is trustworthy, I shall indeed go to Mithilā.
3.210.3
कृतात्मा धर्मवित्तस्यां व्याधो निवसते किल ।
तं गच्चाम्यहमद्यैव धर्मं प्रष्टुं तपोधनम् ॥ ३.२१०.३ ॥
There, it is said, dwells a hunter, self-controlled and knowing dharma. To ask dharma of that man rich in austerity, I shall go today itself.
3.210.4
इतिसंचिन्त्य मनसा श्रद्दधानः स्त्रिया वचः ।
बलाकाप्रत्ययेनासौ धर्म्यैश्च वचनैः शुभैः ॥ ३.२१०.४ ॥
Having thus pondered in his mind, trusting the woman's words on the testimony of the crane, and with righteous and auspicious speech, he set out.
3.210.5
संप्रतस्थे स मिथिलां कौतूहलसमन्वितः ।
अतिक्रामन्नरण्यानि ग्रामांश्च नगराणि च ॥ ३.२१०.५ ॥
Filled with curiosity, he set out for Mithilā, passing through forests, villages and towns.
3.210.6
ततो जगाम मिथिलां जनकेन सुरक्षिताम् ।
धर्मसेतुसमाकीर्णां यज्ञोत्सववतीं शुभाम् ॥ ३.२१०.६ ॥
Then he went to Mithilā, well protected by Janaka, thronged with bridges of dharma, and blessed with sacrificial festivals.
3.210.7
गोपुराट्टालकवतीं हर्म्यप्राकारशोभनाम् ।
प्रविश्य नगरीं रम्यां विमानैर्बहुभिर्युताम् ॥ ३.२१०.७ ॥
Having entered that delightful city, adorned with gateways and watch-towers, beautified with mansions and ramparts, filled with many palaces.
3.210.8
पण्यैश्च बहुभिर्युक्तां सुविभक्तमहापथाम् ।
अश्वै रथैस्तथा नागैर्योधैश्च बहुभिर्युताम् ॥ ३.२१०.८ ॥
Filled with much merchandise, its great roads well laid out, full of horses, chariots, elephants and many warriors.
3.210.9
हृष्टपुष्टजनाकीर्णां नित्योत्सवसमाकुलाम् ।
सोऽपस्यद्बहुवृत्तान्तां ब्राह्मणः समतिक्रमन् ॥ ३.२१०.९ ॥
Crowded with joyful and well-fed people, thronged with constant festivals, full of many happenings, the brahmin saw the city as he passed through.
3.210.10
धर्मव्याधमपृच्छच्च स चास्य कथितो द्विजैः ।
अपश्यत्तत्रगत्वा तं सूनामध्ये व्यवस्थितम् ॥ ३.२१०.१० ॥
He asked about the hunter Dharma, and the twice-born told him. Going there, he saw him seated in the midst of the butchers' stalls.
3.210.11
मार्गमाहिपमांसानि विक्रीणन्तं तपस्विनम् ।
आकुलत्वाच्च क्रेतृणामेकान्ते संस्थितो द्विजः ॥ ३.२१०.११ ॥
He saw the ascetic selling the flesh of deer and buffalo; because of the crowd of buyers, the brahmin stood apart in a solitary place.
3.210.12
स तु ज्ञाता द्विजं प्राप्तं सहसा संभ्रमोत्थितः ।
आजगाम यतो विप्रः स्थित एकान्तआसने ॥ ३.२१०.१२ ॥
Recognizing that the brahmin had arrived, he suddenly rose in haste and came to the place where the brahmin stood on a solitary seat.
3.210.13
अभिवादये त्वां भगवन्स्वागतं ते द्विजोत्तम ।
अहं व्याधो हि भद्रं ते किं करोमि प्रशाधि माम् ॥ ३.२१०.१३ ॥
Venerable one, best of the twice-born, I greet you respectfully; welcome to you. I am a hunter; may blessings be yours. What shall I do? Instruct me.
3.210.14
एकपत्न्या यदुक्तोसि गच्छ त्वं मिथिलामिति ।
जानाम्येतदहं सर्वं यदर्थं त्वमिहागतः ॥ ३.२१०.१४ ॥
I know all that the one-wived woman told you, to go to Mithilā, and I know the purpose for which you have come here.
3.210.15
श्रुत्वा च तस्य तद्वाक्यं स विप्रो भृशविस्मितः ।
द्वितीयमिदमाश्चर्यमित्यचिन्तयत द्विजः ॥ ३.२१०.१५ ॥
Hearing those words of his, the brahmin was greatly astonished, and the twice-born man thought, "This is a second marvel."
3.210.16
अदेशस्थं हि ते स्तानमिति व्याघोऽब्रवीद्द्विजम् ।
गृहं गच्छाव भगवन्यदि ते रोचतेऽनघ ॥ ३.२१०.१६ ॥
"Your bathing is not fitting in this place," the hunter said to the twice-born man. "Venerable one, sinless one, if it pleases you, let us go home."
3.210.17
बाढमित्येव तं विप्रो हृष्टो वचनमब्रवीत् ।
अग्रतस्तु द्विजं कृत्वा स जगाम गृहं प्रति ॥ ३.२१०.१७ ॥
"Very well," the delighted brahmin replied. Then, with the twice-born man walking ahead, he set out toward his home.
3.210.18
प्रविश्य च गृहंरम्यमासनेनाभिपूजितः ।
अर्ध्येण च स वै तेन व्याधेन द्विजसत्तमः ॥ ३.२१०.१८ ॥
Entering the pleasant house and honoured by that hunter with a seat and an offering of water, that best of the twice-born…
3.210.19
पाद्यमाचमनीयं च प्रतिगृह्य द्विजोत्तमः ।
ततः सुखोपविष्स्तं व्याधं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥ ३.२१०.१९ ॥
Having accepted water for washing the feet and for sipping, the best of the twice-born, seated at ease, spoke these words to the hunter.
3.210.20
कर्मैतद्वै न सदृशं भवतः प्रतिभाति मे ।
अनुतप्ये भृशं तात तव घोरेण कर्मणा ॥ ३.२१०.२० ॥
This deed does not seem fitting to me for you. Dear friend, I am deeply grieved by your terrible deed.
3.210.21
कुलोचितमिदं कर्म पितृपैतामहं परम् ।
वर्तमानस्य मे धर्मे स्वे मन्युं मा कृथा द्विज ॥ ३.२१०.२१ ॥
This occupation suits my family; it is the highest handed down from fathers and grandfathers. O twice-born, do not feel anger toward me, who abide in my own duty.
3.210.22
विधात्रा विहितं पूर्वं कर्म स्वमनुपालयन् ।
प्रयत्नाच्च गुरू वृद्धौ शुश्रूषेऽहं द्विजोत्तम ॥ ३.२१०.२२ ॥
Keeping the duty ordained long ago by the Creator, I serve my aged parents with care, O best of the twice-born.
3.210.23
सत्यं वदे नाभ्यसूये यथाशक्ति ददामि च ।
देवतातिथिभृत्यानामवशिष्टेन वर्तये ॥ ३.२१०.२३ ॥
I speak the truth, I do not envy anyone, and I give according to my means. I live on what remains after the gods, guests and servants are provided for.
3.210.24
न कुत्सयाम्यहं किंचिन्न गर्हे बलवत्तरम् ।
कृतमन्वेति कर्तारं पुरा कर्म द्विजेत्तम ॥ ३.२१०.२४ ॥
I blame no one, nor do I censure the mightier. O best of the twice-born, the deed done formerly follows the doer.
3.210.25
कृषिगोरक्ष्यवाणिज्यमिह लोकस्य जीवनम् ।
दण्डनीतिस्त्रयो विद्या तेन लोको भवत्युत ॥ ३.२१०.२५ ॥
Agriculture, cattle-keeping and trade are the livelihood of this world. The science of governance by punishment: these are the three sciences, and by them the world comes to be.
3.210.26
कर्म शूद्रे कृषिर्वैश्ये संग्रामः क्षत्रिये स्मृतः ।
ब्रह्मचर्यतपोमन्त्राः सत्यं च ब्राह्मणे सदा ॥ ३.२१०.२६ ॥
Service is the duty of the śūdra, agriculture of the vaiśya, and war is prescribed for the kṣatriya. For the brahmin there is celibate study, austerity and sacred formulas, and always truthfulness.
3.210.27
राजा प्रशास्ति धर्मेण स्वकर्मनिरताः प्रजाः ।
विकर्माणश्च ये केचित्तान्युनक्ति स्वकर्मसु ॥ ३.२१०.२७ ॥
The king governs by dharma; the subjects are devoted to their own duties. Those who act contrary to their duty, whoever they are, he yokes back to their own duties.
3.210.28
भेतव्यं हि सदा राज्ञां प्रजानामधिपा हिते ।
मारयन्ति विकर्मस्थं लुब्धा मृगमिवेषुभिः ॥ ३.२१०.२८ ॥
Kings, the lords of the people, must always be feared, for the people's good. As a greedy hunter kills a deer with arrows, so they kill the one who stands in wrong action.
3.210.29
जनकस्येह विप्रर्षे विकर्मस्थो न विद्यते ।
स्वकर्मनिरता वर्णाश्चत्वारोपि द्विजोत्तम ॥ ३.२१०.२९ ॥
Here, O brahmin sage, in the realm of Janaka, no one is found who stands in wrong action; the four classes, O best of the twice-born, are all devoted to their own duties.
3.210.30
स एष जनको राजा दुर्वृत्तमपि चेत्सुतम् ।
दण्ड्यं दण्डे निक्षिपति यथा न ग्लाति धार्मिकम् ॥ ३.२१०.३० ॥
Such is this king Janaka: even if his own son is ill-behaved, he consigns the one deserving punishment to punishment, and does not grieve over the righteous man.
3.210.31
सुयुक्तचारो नृपतिः सर्वं धर्मेण पश्यति ।
श्रीश्च राज्यं च दण्डश्च क्षत्रियाणां द्विजोत्तम ॥ ३.२१०.३१ ॥
A king with well-placed spies sees everything through dharma. O best of the twice-born, for kṣatriyas there are prosperity, kingdom and the rod of punishment.
3.210.32
राजानो हि स्वधर्मेण श्रियमिच्छन्ति भूयसीम् ।
सर्वेषामेव वर्णानां त्राता राजा भवत्युत ॥ ३.२१०.३२ ॥
Kings indeed desire great prosperity through their own duty; the king indeed becomes the protector of all the social orders.
3.210.33
परेण हि हतान्ब्रह्मन्वराहमहिषानहम् ।
न स्वयं हन्मि विप्रर्षे विक्रीणामि सदा त्वहम् ॥ ३.२१०.३३ ॥
O brahmin, I buy the boars and buffaloes killed by others. O brahmin sage, I do not kill them myself; I always sell them.
3.210.34
न भक्षयामि मांसानि ऋतुगामी तथाह्यहम् ।
सदोपवासी च तथा नक्तभोजी सदा द्विज ॥ ३.२१०.३४ ॥
I do not eat meat, for I approach only in season. O twice-born, I am always a fasting man, and likewise I always eat at night.
3.210.35
अशीलश्चापि पुरुषो भूत्वा भवति शीलवान् ।
प्राणिहिंसारतिश्चापि भवते धार्मिकः पुनः ॥ ३.२१०.३५ ॥
A man without good conduct may become one of good conduct, and one delighting in harming living beings may again become righteous.
3.210.36
व्यभिचाराननरेन्द्राणां धर्मः संकीर्यते महान् ।
अधर्मो वर्तते चापि संकीर्यन्ते ततः प्रजाः ॥ ३.२१०.३६ ॥
Through the transgressions of kings the great dharma becomes confused; adharma prevails, and then the subjects too become confused.
3.210.37
भेरुण्डा वामनाः कुब्जाः स्थूलशीर्षास्तथैव च ।
क्लीबाश्चान्धाश्च बधिरा जायन्तेऽत्युच्चलोचनाः ॥ ३.२१०.३७ ॥
Monstrous beings, dwarfs, hunchbacks, thick-headed ones, eunuchs, the blind and the deaf, and those with very protruding eyes are born.
3.210.38
पार्थिवानामधर्मत्वात्प्रजानामभवः सदा ।
स एष राजा जनकः प्रजा धर्मेण पश्यति ॥ ३.२१०.३८ ॥
Because of the unrighteousness of kings, the subjects always suffer ruin; but this king Janaka looks after his subjects with righteousness.
3.210.39
अनुगृह्णन्प्रजाः सर्वाः स्वधर्मनिरताः सदा ।
पात्येष राजा जनकः पितृवद्द्विजसत्तम ॥ ३.२१०.३९ ॥
This king Janaka, showing favour to all his subjects who are always intent on their own duties, sustains them like a father, best of the twice-born.
3.210.40
येचैव मां प्रशंसन्ति येच निन्दन्ति मानवाः ।
सर्वान्सुपरिणीतेन कर्माणा तोषयाम्यहम् ॥ ३.२१०.४० ॥
Those men who praise me and those who blame me, I satisfy them all by a well-performed deed.
3.210.41
ये जीवन्ति स्वधर्मेण संयुञ्जन्ति च पार्थिवाः ।
न किंचिदुपजीवनति दान्ता उत्थानसीलिनः ॥ ३.२१०.४१ ॥
Those kings who live by their own duty and apply themselves to it, self-controlled and active, depend on nothing else at all.
3.210.42
शक्त्याऽन्नदानं सततं तितिक्षा धर्मनित्यता ।
यथार्हं प्रतिपूजा च सर्वभूतेषु वै दया ॥ ३.२१०.४२ ॥
Constant giving of food according to one's ability, forbearance, constancy in dharma, honouring in return as is fitting, and compassion toward all beings.
3.210.43
त्यागान्नान्यत्र मर्त्यानां गुणास्तिष्ठान्ति पूरुषे ।
मृषावादं परिहरेत्कुर्यात्प्रियमयाचितः ॥ ३.२१०.४३ ॥
Apart from renunciation, the virtues do not abide in mortal men. One should avoid false speech and do what is pleasing without being asked.
3.210.44
न च कामान्न संरम्भान्न द्वेषाद्धर्ममुत्सृजेत् ।
प्रिये नातिभृशं हृष्येदप्रिये न च संज्वरेत् ॥ ३.२१०.४४ ॥
One should not abandon dharma out of desire, nor out of anger, nor out of hatred. One should not rejoice too greatly at what is pleasing, nor be distressed at what is unpleasing.
3.210.45
न मुह्येदर्थकृच्छ्रेषु न च धऱ्मं परित्यजेत् ।
कर्म चेत्किंचिदन्यत्स्यादितरन्न तदाचरेत् ॥ ३.२१०.४५ ॥
One should not be bewildered in difficulties concerning wealth, nor abandon dharma. If there is some other action, one should not perform its opposite.
3.210.46
यत्कल्याणमभिध्यायेत्तत्रात्मानं नियोजयेत् ।
न पापं प्रति पापः स्यात्साधुरेव सदा भवेत् ॥ ३.२१०.४६ ॥
Whatever is auspicious, one should contemplate and apply oneself to it. One should not become wicked toward the wicked, but should always remain good.
3.210.47
आत्मनैव हतः पापो यः पापं कर्तुमिच्छति ।
कर्म चैतदसाधूनां वृजिनानामसाधुकम् ॥ ३.२१०.४७ ॥
The wicked man who desires to do evil is slain by himself. This is the deed of the unrighteous and the sinful, and it is wicked.
3.210.48
न धर्मोस्तीति मन्वानाः शुचीनवहसन्ति ये ।
अश्रद्दधाना धर्मस् ते नश्यन्ति न संशयः ॥ ३.२१०.४८ ॥
Those who think 'there is no dharma' and mock the pure, lacking faith, perish through dharma itself — there is no doubt of this.
3.210.49
महादृतिरिवाध्मातः पापो भवति नित्यदा ।
साधुः सन्नतिमानेव सर्वत्रद्विजसत्तम ॥ ३.२१०.४९ ॥
Like a great bellows swollen with air, the sinner is always puffed up; but the virtuous man is humble everywhere, best of the twice-born.
3.210.50
मूढानामवलिप्तानामसारं भाषितं भवेत् ।
दर्शयन्त्यन्तरात्मानं दिवा रूपमिवांशुमान् ॥ ३.२१०.५० ॥
The speech of fools and the arrogant is empty; they reveal their inner self as the sun reveals its form by day.
3.210.51
न लोके राजते मूर्खः केवलात्मप्रशंसया ।
अपिचेह मृजाहीनः कृतविद्यः प्रकाशते ॥ ३.२१०.५१ ॥
In the world a fool does not shine merely by self-praise; and even one who has learned, if lacking polish, does not shine here.
3.210.52
अब्रुवन्कस्यचिन्निन्दामात्मपूजामवर्णयन् ।
न कश्चिद्गुणसंपन्नः प्रकाशो भुवि दृश्यते ॥ ३.२१०.५२ ॥
No one endowed with virtue, who neither blames another nor praises himself, is seen to shine on earth.
3.210.53
विकर्मणा तप्यमानः पापाद्विपरिमुच्यते ।
न तत्कुर्यां पुनरिति द्वितीयात्परिमुच्यते ॥ ३.२१०.५३ ॥
One tormented by a wrong deed is released from sin; resolving "I shall not do it again," he is released from the second.
3.210.54
कर्मणा येन केनापि पापात्मा द्विजसत्तम ।
एवं श्रुतिरियं ब्रह्मन्धर्मेषु प्रतिदृश्यते ॥ ३.२१०.५४ ॥
By whatever deed a sinful soul may be released, best of the twice-born — thus, O Brahmin, this teaching is seen among the matters of dharma.
3.210.55
पापनि बुद्ध्वेह पुरा कृतानि ।
स्वधर्मशीलो विनिहन्ति पश्चात्।
धर्मो ब्रह्मन्नुदते ब्राह्मणानां ।
यत्कुर्वते पापमिह प्रमादात् ॥ ३.२१०.५५ ॥
Knowing the sins done before in this life, one who is steadfast in his own duty later destroys them. O Brāhmaṇa, dharma drives away the sin that the Brāhmaṇas commit here through carelessness.
3.210.56
पापं कृत्वा हि मन्येत नाहमस्मीति पूरुषः ।
तं तु देवाः प्रपश्यन्ति स्वस्यैवान्तरपूरुषः ॥ ३.२१०.५६ ॥
Having done a sin, a man may think, 'I am not (here, I was not seen).' But the gods see him, and his own inner person sees him.
3.210.57
चिकीर्षेदेव कल्यायणं श्रद्दधानोऽनसूयकः ॥ ३.२१०.५७ ॥
Full of faith and free from envy, one should wish to do only what is good.
3.210.58
वसनस्येव च्छिद्राणइ साधूनां विवृणोति यः ।
अपश्यन्नात्मनो दोषान्स पापः प्रेत्य नश्यति ॥ ३.२१०.५८ ॥
He who exposes the faults of the good, like the holes in a garment, while not seeing his own faults, is a sinner; he perishes after death.
3.210.59
पापं चेत्पुरुषः कृत्वा कल्याणमभिपद्यते ।
मुच्यते सर्वपापेभ्यो महाभ्रेणेव चन्द्रमाः ॥ ३.२१०.५९ ॥
If a man, having done a sin, turns to what is good, he is freed from all sins, as the moon is freed from a great cloud.
3.210.60
यथाऽऽदित्यः समुद्यन्वै तमः सर्वं व्यपोहति ।
एवं कल्याणमातिष्ठन्सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते ॥ ३.२१०.६० ॥
Just as the rising sun dispels all darkness, so one who practises what is good is wholly freed from all sins.
3.210.61
पापानां विद्ध्यधिष्ठानं लोभमोहौ द्विजोत्तम ।
तस्मात्तौ विदुषा विप्र वर्जनीयौ विशेषतः ॥ ३.२१०.६१ ॥
O best of the twice-born, greed and delusion are the foundation of sins. Therefore, O brahmin, a wise man must especially avoid these two.
3.210.62
लुबधाः पापं व्यवस्यन्ति नरा नातिबहुश्रुताः ।
अधर्म्या धर्मरूपेण तृणैः कूपा इवावृताः ॥ ३.२१०.६२ ॥
Greedy men of little learning resolve upon sin. The unrighteous, disguised in the form of dharma, lie hidden like wells covered with grass.
3.210.63
येषां पञ् पवित्राणि प्रलापा धर्मसंश्रितः ।
सर्वं हि विद्यते तेषु शिष्टाचारः सुदुर्लभः ॥ ३.२१०.६३ ॥
In those who possess the five purifications and whose speech rests upon dharma, everything is indeed to be found; yet the conduct of the virtuous is exceedingly rare.