Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 3.214
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3.214.1
एवमुक्तस्तु विप्रेण धर्मव्याधो युधिष्ठिर ।
प्रत्युवाच यथा विप्रं तच्छृणुष्व नराधिप ॥ ३.२१४.१ ॥
Thus addressed by the brahmin, Dharmavyādha replied to him, O Yudhiṣṭhira, lord of men; listen to what he said.
3.214.2
विज्ञानार्थं मनुष्याणां मनः पूर्वं प्रवर्तते ।
तत्प्राप्य कामं भजतेक्रोधं च द्विजसत्तम ॥ ३.२१४.२ ॥
The mind of human beings first turns toward acquiring knowledge; having attained it, O best of brahmins, it then attends to desire and anger.
3.214.3
ततस्तदर्थं यतते कर्म चारभते महत् ।
इष्टानां रूपगन्धानामभ्यासं च निषेवते ॥ ३.२१४.३ ॥
Then he strives for that, undertakes a great action, and practices and indulges in desirable forms and scents.
3.214.4
ततो रागः प्रभवति द्वेषश्च तदनन्तरम् ।
ततो लोभः प्रभवति मोहश्च तदनन्तरम् ॥ ३.२१४.४ ॥
Then attachment arises, and right after it aversion; then greed arises, and right after it delusion.
3.214.5
तस् लोभाभिभूतस्य रागद्वेषहतस्य च ।
न धर्मे जायते बुद्धिर्व्याजाद्धर्मं करोति च ॥ ३.२१४.५ ॥
For one overpowered by greed and struck down by attachment and aversion, the intellect does not arise toward dharma; he performs dharma only as a pretense.
3.214.6
व्याजेन चरते धर्ममर्थं व्याजेन रोचते ।
व्याजेन सिध्यमानेषु धनेषु द्विजसत्तम ॥ ३.२१४.६ ॥
By pretense he practices dharma, by pretense wealth pleases him; O best of brahmins, in the riches that are won by pretense he takes delight.
3.214.7
तत्रैव रमते बुद्धिस्ततः पापं चिकीर्षति ।
सुहृद्भिर्वार्यमाणश्च पण्डितैश्च द्विजोत्तम ॥ ३.२१४.७ ॥
His mind delights in that very thing, and then he desires to do evil, though restrained by friends and by the wise, best of the twice-born.
3.214.8
उत्तरं श्रुतिसंबद्धं ब्रवीत्यश्रुतियोजितम् ।
अधर्मस्त्रिविधस्तस्य वर्तते रागदोषजः ॥ ३.२१४.८ ॥
He gives a reply tied to scripture, yet speaks it bound to what is not scripture; his unrighteousness is threefold, born of passion and aversion.
3.214.9
पापं चिन्तयते चैव ब्रवीति च करोति च ।
तस्याधर्मप्रवृत्तस्य गुणा नश्यन्ति साधवः ॥ ३.२१४.९ ॥
He thinks of evil, speaks it, and does it; in one who is bent on unrighteousness, the good qualities perish.
3.214.10
एकशीलाश्च मित्रत्वं भजन्ते पापकर्मिणः ।
स तेन दुःखमाप्नोति परत्र च विपद्यते ॥ ३.२१४.१० ॥
Evil-doers of one disposition seek each other's friendship; through it he obtains suffering, and in the next world he too perishes.
3.214.11
पापात्मा भवति ह्येवं धर्मलाभं तु मे शृणु ।
यस्त्वेतान्प्रज्ञाया दोषान्पूर्वमेवानुपश्यति ॥ ३.२१४.११ ॥
Thus one becomes evil-minded; but now hear from me the gain of dharma: he who beforehand perceives these faults of wisdom—
3.214.12
कुशलः सुखदुःखेषु सांधूंश्चाप्युपसेवते ।
तस्य साधुसमारम्भाद्बुद्ध्रिधर्मेषु राजते ॥ ३.२१४.१२ ॥
One who is skilled in pleasure and pain and also serves the good; through his undertaking of good deeds he shines in the qualities of intellect.
3.214.13
ब्रवीषि सूनृतंधर्मं यस्य वक्ता न विद्यते ।
दिव्यप्रभावः सुमहानृषिरेव मतोसि मे ॥ ३.२१४.१३ ॥
You speak of the dharma of truthful and pleasant speech, though no one is seen to be its speaker. In my view you are a great sage of divine power.
3.214.14
ब्राह्मणा वै महाभागाः पितरोऽग्रभुजः सदा ।
तेषां सर्वात्मना कार्यं प्रियं लोके मनीषिणा ॥ ३.२१४.१४ ॥
Brahmins are greatly blessed; like the ancestors, they always eat first. A wise man should, with his whole self, do what is dear to them in the world.
3.214.15
यत्तेषां च प्रियं तत्ते वक्ष्यामि द्विजसत्तम ।
नमस्कृत्वा ब्राह्मणेभ्यो ब्राह्मीं विद्यां निबोध मे ॥ ३.२१४.१५ ॥
O best of the twice-born, I will tell you what is dear to them. Having bowed to the brahmins, listen to the knowledge of Brahman from me.
3.214.16
इदं विश्वं जगत्सर्वमजगच्चापि सर्वशः ।
महाभूतात्मकं ब्रह्मन्नातः परतरं भवेत् ॥ ३.२१४.१६ ॥
This entire universe, all that moves and all that does not move, is wholly made of the great elements, O brahmin; there can be nothing higher than this.
3.214.17
महाभूतानि खं वायुरग्निरापस्तथा च भूः ।
शब्दः स्पर्शश्च रूपं च रसो गन्धश् तद्गुणाः ॥ ३.२१४.१७ ॥
The great elements are space, air, fire, water and earth; their qualities are sound, touch, form, taste and smell.
3.214.18
तेषामपि गुणाः सर्वे गुणवृत्तिः परस्परम् ।
पूर्वपूर्वगुणाः सर्वे क्रमशो गुणिषु त्रिषु ॥ ३.२१४.१८ ॥
All their qualities too operate mutually through the functioning of qualities; all the qualities of each preceding element are found in order in the three that possess qualities.
3.214.19
षष्ठी तु चेतना नाम मन इत्यभिधीयते ।
सप्तमी तु भवेद्बुद्धिरहंकारस्ततः परम् ॥ ३.२१४.१९ ॥
The sixth is called consciousness, and it is named mind. The seventh is intellect, and beyond it is the ego-sense.
3.214.20
इन्द्रियाणि च पञ्चात्मा रजः सत्वं तमस्तथा ।
इत्येष सप्तदशको राशिरव्यक्तसंज्ञकः ॥ ३.२१४.२० ॥
The five senses and the self, likewise passion, goodness and darkness — this seventeen-fold group is called the unmanifest.
3.214.21
सर्वैरिहेन्द्रियार्थैस्तु व्यक्ताव्यक्तैः सुसंवृतैः ।
चतुर्विंसक इत्येष व्यकत्वाव्यक्तमयो गुणः।
एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं किं भूयः श्रोतुमिच्छसि ॥ ३.२१४.२१ ॥
With all the objects of the senses here, well enveloped by the manifest and the unmanifest, this twenty-four-fold quality is made of the manifest and the unmanifest. All this has been declared to you; what more do you wish to hear?