Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 3.261
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3.261.1
व्रीहिद्रोणः परित्यक्तः कथं तेन महात्मना ।
कस्मै दत्तश्च भगवन्विधिना केन चात्थ मे ॥ ३.२६१.१ ॥
O venerable one, how did that great-souled one give up the vrīhi-droṇa? To whom was it given, and by what rule? Tell me.
3.261.2
प्रत्यक्षधर्मा भगवान्यस् तुष्टो हि कर्मभिः ।
सफलं तस्य जन्माहं मन्ये सद्धर्मचारिणः ॥ ३.२६१.२ ॥
The venerable one whose dharma is visible, who is indeed pleased by deeds: I consider the birth of one who follows true dharma to be fruitful.
3.261.3
शिलोञ्छवृत्तिर्धर्मात्मा मुद्गलः संयतेन्द्रियः ।
आसीद्राजन्कुरुक्षेत्रे सत्यवागनसूयकः ॥ ३.२६१.३ ॥
O king, in Kurukṣetra there was Mudgala, righteous-souled, living by gleaning grain, with restrained senses, truthful in speech, and free from envy.
3.261.4
अतिथिव्रती क्रियावांश्च कापोतीं वृत्तिमास्थितः ।
सत्रमिष्टीकृतंनाम समुपास्ते महातपाः ॥ ३.२६१.४ ॥
Keeper of the vow of hospitality, devoted to rites, and having adopted the pigeon's way of life, the great ascetic attends upon a sacrifice named 'Iṣṭīkṛta'.
3.261.5
सपुत्रदारो हि मुनिः पक्षाहारो बभूव ह ।
कपोतवृत्त्या पक्षेण व्रीहिद्रोयणमुपार्जयत् ॥ ३.२६१.५ ॥
That sage, together with his sons and wife, became one who lived on a fortnight's food; by the pigeon's way of life he gathered in a fortnight one vrīhi-droṇa of rice-grain.
3.261.6
दर्शं च पौर्णमासं च कुर्वन्विगतमन्सरः ।
देवतातिथिशेषेण कुरुते देहयापनम् ॥ ३.२६१.६ ॥
Performing the new-moon and full-moon rites, free from jealousy, he sustains his body with what remains after the gods and guests have been served.
3.261.7
तत्रेन्द्रः सहितो देवैः साक्षात्रिभुवनेश्वरः ।
प्रत्यृह्णान्महाराज भागं पर्वणिपर्वणि ॥ ३.२६१.७ ॥
There Indra, lord of the three worlds, came in person with the gods and, O great king, received his share at every lunar festival.
3.261.8
स पर्वकाल्यं कृत्वा तु मुनिवृत्त्या समन्वितः ।
अतिथिभ्यो ददावन्नं प्रहृष्टेनान्तरात्मना ॥ ३.२६१.८ ॥
Having performed the lunar-festival rite, endowed with a sage's conduct, he gave food to his guests with a joyful heart.
3.261.9
व्रीहिद्रोणस्य तत्प्रीत्या ददतोऽन्नं महात्मनः ।
ऋषेर्मात्सर्यहीनस् वर्धत्यतिथिदर्शनात् ॥ ३.२६१.९ ॥
Through the sight of guests, the food of that great-souled sage, free of envy, grows as he gives a measure of rice out of delight.
3.261.10
तच्छतान्यपि भुञ्जन्ति ब्राह्मणानां मनीषिणाम् ।
मुनेस्त्यागविशुद्ध्या तु तदन्नं वृद्धिमृच्छति ॥ ३.२६१.१० ॥
Hundreds of wise brahmins eat that food, and through the purity of the sage's renunciation that food increases.
3.261.11
तं तु रशुश्राव धर्मिष्ठं मुद्गलं संशितव्रतम् ।
दुर्वासा नृप दिग्वासास्तमथाभ्याजगाम ह ॥ ३.२६१.११ ॥
O king, Durvāsas, the sky-clad one, heard of Mudgala, most righteous and keen in his vows, and then came to him.
3.261.12
विभ्रच्चानियतं वेषमुन्मत्त इव पाण्डव ।
विकचः परुषा वाचो व्याहरन्विविधा मुनिः ॥ ३.२६१.१२ ॥
Bearing an unsettled appearance, as if mad, with disheveled hair, the sage came speaking many harsh words, O Pāṇḍava.
3.261.13
अभिगम्याथ तं विप्रमुवाच मुनिसत्तमः ।
अन्नार्थिनमनुप्राप्तं विद्धि मां मुनिसत्तम ॥ ३.२६१.१३ ॥
Then, approaching that brahmin, the best of sages said: "Know, best of sages, that I have come seeking food."
3.261.14
स्वागतं तेऽस्त्विति मुनिं मुद्गलः प्रत्यभाषत ।
पाद्यमाचमनीयं च प्रतिवेद्यान्नमुत्तमम् ॥ ३.२६१.१४ ॥
"Welcome to you," Mudgala answered the sage; giving water for the feet and water for sipping, he announced excellent food.
3.261.15
प्रादात्स तपसोपात्तं क्षुधितायातिथिप्रियः ।
उन्मत्ताय परां श्रद्धामास्थाय स धृतव्रतः ॥ ३.२६१.१५ ॥
Fond of guests, he gave that food, obtained by austerity, to the hungry madman; holding supreme faith, firm in his vow.
3.261.16
ततस्तदन्नं रसवत्स एव क्षुधयाऽन्वितः ।
बुभुजे कृत्स्नमुन्मत्तः प्रादात्तस्मै च मुद्गलः ॥ ३.२६१.१६ ॥
Then that madman, afflicted by hunger, ate up all that savoury food; and Mudgala gave him more.
3.261.17
भुक्त्वा चान्नं ततः सर्वमुच्छिष्टेनात्मनस्ततः ।
अथाङ्गं लिलिपेऽन्नेन यथागतमगाच्च सः ॥ ३.२६१.१७ ॥
Having eaten the food, then smearing all the leftovers over his own body, he went away just as he had come.
3.261.18
तेनैवात्मानमालिप्य हसन्गायन्प्रधावति ।
नृत्यते धावते चैव बुद्ध्या तत्क्रोशते तथा ॥ ३.२६१.१८ ॥
Smeared with that very food, he runs about laughing and singing; he dances and runs, and in his madness he cries out in just that way.
3.261.19
एवं द्वितीये संप्राप्ते पर्वकाले मनीषिणः ।
आगम्य बुभुजे सर्वमन्नपुञ्छोपजीविनः ॥ ३.२६१.१९ ॥
Thus, when the second parva-time had come, the wise sage arrived and ate everything, living on the gleanings of grain.
3.261.20
निराहारस्तु स मुनिरुञ्छमार्जये पुनः ।
न चैनं विक्रियां नेतुमशकन्मुद्गलं क्षुधा ॥ ३.२६१.२० ॥
Fasting, that sage gathered gleanings again; yet hunger could not bring any disturbance into Mudgala.
3.261.21
न क्रोधो न च मात्सर्यं नावमानो न संभ्रमः ।
सपुत्रदारमुञ्छन्तमाविवेश द्विजोत्तमम् ॥ ३.२६१.२१ ॥
Neither anger, nor envy, nor disrespect, nor agitation entered that best of twice-born who gleaned with his sons and wife.
3.261.22
तथा तमुञ्छधर्माणं दुर्वासा मुनिसत्तमम् ।
उपतस्थे यथाकालं षट्कृत्वः कृतनिश्चयः ॥ ३.२६१.२२ ॥
Thus, to that best of sages who kept the gleaning vow, Durvāsas came six times at the proper hours, resolved in purpose.
3.261.23
न चास् मनसः कश्चिद्विकारो दृश्यते मुनेः ।
शुद्धसत्वस्य शुद्धं स ददृशे निर्मलं मनः ॥ ३.२६१.२३ ॥
No disturbance was seen in that sage's mind; to him, whose nature was pure, the sage's mind appeared spotless and clean.
3.261.24
तमुवाच ततः प्रीतः स मुनिर्मुद्गलं तदा ।
त्वत्समो नास्ति लोकेऽस्मिन्दाता मात्सर्यवर्जितः ॥ ३.२६१.२४ ॥
Then the sage, pleased, said to Mudgala: "In this world there is no giver equal to you, free from envy."
3.261.25
क्षुद्धर्मसंज्ञां प्रणुदत्यादत्ते धैर्यमेव च ।
विषयानुसारिणी जिह्वा कर्षत्येव रसान्प्रति ॥ ३.२६१.२५ ॥
Hunger drives away the very name of duty and takes away steadfastness too; the tongue, following sense-objects, drags one only toward flavors.
3.261.26
आहारप्रभवाः प्राणा मनो दुर्निग्रहं चलम् ।
मनसश्चेन्द्रियाणां चाप्यैकाग्र्यं निश्चितं तपः ॥ ३.२६१.२६ ॥
The life-breaths arise from food; the mind is hard to restrain and restless. Concentration of mind and senses is indeed the settled austerity.
3.261.27
श्रमेणोपार्जितं त्यक्तं न च दुःखेन चेतसा ।
तत्सर्वं भवता साधो यथावदुपपादितम् ॥ ३.२६१.२७ ॥
What was earned by effort you gave up, not with a grieving mind; all of that, O good one, you have accomplished rightly.
3.261.28
प्रीताः स्मोऽनुगृहीताश्च समेत्य भवता सह ।
इन्द्रियाभिजयो धैर्यं संविभागो दमः शमः।
दया सत्यं च धर्मश्च त्वयि सर्वं प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥ ३.२६१.२८ ॥
Having met you, we are pleased and favored. Conquest of the senses, steadfastness, sharing, self-restraint, calm, compassion, truth and duty are all established in you.
3.261.29
लोकाः समस्ता धर्मेण धार्यन्ते सचराचराः ।
धर्मोपि धार्यते येन धृतियुक्त त्वयाऽऽत्मना ॥ ३.२६१.२९ ॥
All worlds, moving and unmoving, are upheld by dharma; and dharma too is upheld by that by which, O steadfast one, you are upheld by your own self.
3.261.30
विशुद्धसत्वसंपन्नो न त्वदन्योस्ति कश्चन ।
जितास्ते कर्मभिर्लोकाः प्राप्तोसि परमां गतिम् ॥ ३.२६१.३० ॥
Endowed with pure essence, there is no one else like you. By your deeds the worlds have been conquered, and you have attained the supreme goal.
3.261.31
अहो दानं विघुष्टं ते सुमहत्स्वर्गवासिभिः ।
सशरीरो भवान्गन्ता स्वर्गं सुचरितव्रत ॥ ३.२६१.३१ ॥
Ah! The dwellers of heaven have proclaimed your very great gift. O one of well-practised vows, you will go to heaven in your own body.
3.261.32
इत्येवं वदतस्तस्य तदा दुर्वाससो मुनेः ।
देवदूतो विमानेन मुद्गलं प्रत्युपस्थितः ॥ ३.२६१.३२ ॥
As the sage Durvāsas was speaking thus, a divine messenger approached Mudgala with a celestial car.
3.261.33
हंससारसयुक्तेन किङ्किणीजालमालिना ।
कामगेन विचित्रेण दिव्यगन्धवता तथा ॥ ३.२६१.३३ ॥
with a wondrous car yoked to swans and cranes, adorned with a net of tiny bells, moving at will and fragrant with divine scent.
3.261.34
उवाच चैनं विप्रर्षिं विमानं कर्मभिर्जितम् ।
समुपारोह संसिद्धिं प्राप्तोसि परमां मुने ॥ ३.२६१.३४ ॥
He said to that brahmin sage: 'This car has been won by your deeds. Mount it, O sage; you have attained the supreme perfection.'
3.261.35
तमेवंवादिनमृषिर्देवदूतमुवाच ह ।
इच्छामि भवता प्रोक्तान्गुणान्स्वर्गनिवासिनां ॥ ३.२६१.३५ ॥
To that divine messenger who spoke thus, the sage said: 'I wish to hear from you the qualities of those who dwell in heaven.'
3.261.36
के गुणास्तत्रवसतां किं तपः कश्च निश्चयः ।
स्वर्गे तत्रसुखं किं च दोषो वा देवदूतक ॥ ३.२६१.३६ ॥
What are the qualities of those who dwell there? What austerity, what resolve? What happiness is there in heaven, and what fault, O divine messenger?
3.261.37
सतां साप्तपदं मित्रमाहुः सन्तः कुलोचिताः ।
मित्रतां च पुरस्कृत्य पृच्छामि त्वामहं विभो ॥ ३.२६१.३७ ॥
The wise, fit for their lineage, say that friendship sealed by seven steps is true friendship. Mindful of our friendship, O mighty one, I ask you.
3.261.38
यदत्र तथ्यं पथ्यं च तद्ब्रवीह्यविचारयन् ।
श्रुत्वा तथा करिष्यामि व्यवसायं गिरा तव ॥ ३.२६१.३८ ॥
Whatever in this matter is true and beneficial, speak it without hesitation. Having heard your words, I will resolve accordingly.