Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 4.1
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4.1.1
नारायणं नमस्कृत्य नरं चैव नरोत्तमम् ।
देवीं सरस्वतीं व्यासं ततो जयमुदीरयेत्
कथं विराटनगरे मम पूर्वपितामहाः ।
अज्ञातवासमुषिता दुर्योधनभयार्दिताः ॥ ४.१.१ ॥
Having bowed to Nārāyaṇa, to Nara, and to Nara the best of men, to the goddess Sarasvatī and to Vyāsa, one should then proclaim the Jaya. How did my forefathers, tormented by fear of Duryodhana, dwell in unknown exile in the city of Virāṭa?
4.1.2
पतिव्रता महाभागा सततं सुखभागिनी ।
द्रौपदी सा कथं ब्रह्मन्नज्ञाता दुःखिताऽवसत् ॥ ४.१.२ ॥
Draupadī, devoted to her husband, greatly fortunate, always sharing in happiness, O Brahmin, how did she dwell unknown and afflicted?
4.1.3
ते च ब्राह्मणमुख्याश्च सूतपौरोगवैः सह ।
अज्ञातवासमुषिताः कथं च परिचारकाः ॥ ४.१.३ ॥
And those foremost Brahmins, together with the charioteers and cooks, having dwelt in unknown exile, how did the attendants fare?
4.1.4
यथा विराटनगरे तव पूर्वपितामहाः ।
अज्ञातवासमुषितास्तावद्वक्ष्यामि तच्छृणु ॥ ४.१.४ ॥
As your forefathers dwelt in unknown exile in the city of Virāṭa, so far I shall tell it; listen.
4.1.5
तथा स तान्वराँल्लब्ध्वा धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ।
गत्वाऽऽश्रमं ब्राह्मणेभ्य आचख्यौ वृत्तमात्मनः ॥ ४.१.५ ॥
Thus, having obtained those boons, King Yudhiṣṭhira, the lord of dharma, went to the hermitage and told the Brahmins the story of his own affairs.
4.1.6
कथयित्वा च तत्सर्वं ब्राह्मणेभ्यो युधिष्ठिरः ।
अरणीसहितं भाण्डं ब्राह्मणाय न्यवेदयत् ॥ ४.१.६ ॥
Having told all of that to the Brahmins, Yudhiṣṭhira presented the vessel together with the fire-sticks to a Brahmin.
4.1.7
ततो युधिष्ठिरो राजा कुन्तीपुत्रो दृढव्रतः ।
समाहूयानुजान्सर्वानिति होवाच भारत ॥ ४.१.७ ॥
Then King Yudhiṣṭhira, son of Kuntī, firm in his vow, summoned all his younger brothers and spoke thus, O Bhārata.
4.1.8
द्वादशेमानि वर्षाणि राष्ट्राद्विप्रोषिता वयम् ।
छद्मना हृतराज्याश्च निस्वाश्च बहुशः कृताः ॥ ४.१.८ ॥
For these twelve years we have been driven from the kingdom; by deceit our realm was seized, and we have been reduced to destitution many times over.
4.1.9
उषिताश्च वने वासं यथा द्वादश वत्सरान् ।
अज्ञातचर्यां वत्स्यामश्छन्ना वर्षं त्रयोदशम् ॥ ४.१.९ ॥
Just as we have dwelt in the forest for twelve years, so in the thirteenth year we shall live unknown, in hiding.
4.1.10
धर्मेण तेऽभ्यनुज्ञाताः पाण्डवाः सत्यविक्रमाः ।
अज्ञातवासं वत्स्यन्तश्छन्ना वर्षं त्रयोदशम् ॥ ४.१.१० ॥
Granted leave in accordance with dharma, the Pāṇḍavas, valiant in truth, shall live unknown, in hiding, in the thirteenth year.
4.1.11
उपोपविश्य विद्वांसः स्नातकाः संशितव्रताः ।
ये तत्र ब्राह्मणा आसन्वनवाससहायिनः ।
ये च भक्ता वसन्ति स्म वनवासे तपस्विनः ॥ ४.१.११ ॥
Those learned brahmins who were graduates of study, keen in their vows, who had been companions in the forest exile, and the devoted ascetics dwelling in the forest, sat down near him.
4.1.12
तानब्रुवन्महात्मानो हृष्टाः प्राञ्जलयः स्थिताः । ॥ ४.१.१२ ॥
The great-souled ones, delighted, standing with palms joined, spoke to them.
4.1.13
विदितं भवतां सर्वं धार्तराष्ट्रैर्यथा वयम् ।
छद्मना हृतराज्याश्च निस्वाश्च बहुशः कृताः ॥ ४.१.१३ ॥
You all know how the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, by deceit, stripped us of our kingdom and reduced us to poverty many times.
4.1.14
उषिताश्च वने वासं यथा द्वादशवत्सरान् ।
भवद्भिरेव सहिता वन्याहारा द्विजोत्तमाः ॥ ४.१.१४ ॥
O best of the twice-born, we dwelt in the forest with you for twelve years, living on forest food.
4.1.15
अज्ञातवाससमयं शेषं वर्षं त्रयोदशम् ।
तद्वत्स्यामो वयं छन्नास्तदनुज्ञातुमर्हथ ॥ ४.१.१५ ॥
The remaining year, the thirteenth, of our concealed life is due; likewise we shall live hidden, and you ought to grant us permission for it.
4.1.16
सुयोधनश्च दुष्टात्मा कर्णश्च सहसौबलः ।
जानन्तो विषमं कुर्युरस्मास्वत्यन्तवैरिणः ॥ ४.१.१६ ॥
The wicked-minded Suyodhana and Karṇa, together with Saubala Śakuni, bitter enemies of ours, knowing our hiding, would do us harm.
4.1.17
युक्तचाराश्च यत्ताश्च दाये स्वस्य जनस्य च ।
दुरात्मनां हि कस्तेषां विश्वासं गन्तुमर्हति ॥ ४.१.१७ ॥
Who could ever gain the trust of those wicked men, who employ spies and remain vigilant against their own kin and people?
4.1.18
अपि नस्तद्भवेद्भूयो यद्वयं ब्राह्मणैः सह ।
समस्तेषु च राष्ट्रेषु स्वराज्यस्था भवेम हि ॥ ४.१.१८ ॥
Perhaps it may come to pass again that we, together with the brahmins, shall be re-established in our own kingdom among all the realms.
4.1.19
इत्युक्त्वा दुःखशोकार्तः शुचिर्धर्मसुतस्तदा ।
संमूर्च्छितोऽभवद्राजा सास्रकण्ठो युधिष्ठिरः ॥ ४.१.१९ ॥
Having spoken thus, King Yudhiṣṭhira, son of Dharma, pure and afflicted by grief and sorrow, then fainted, his throat choked with tears.
4.1.20
तमथाश्वासयन्सर्वे ब्राह्मणा भ्रातृभिः सह ॥ ४.१.२० ॥
Then all the brahmins, together with his brothers, consoled him.
4.1.21
प्रबुध्य दुःखमोहार्तो धौम्यं धर्मभृतांवरम् ।
प्रावैक्षत तदा राजा साश्रुकण्ठो युधिष्ठिरः ॥ ४.१.२१ ॥
Awakening, afflicted by grief and bewilderment, King Yudhiṣṭhira, his throat choked with tears, then looked toward Dhaumya, the best of those who uphold dharma.
4.1.22
अथ धौम्योऽब्रवीद्वाक्यं महार्थं नृपतिं तदा ।
आश्वासयंस्तं स नृपं भ्रातॄंश्च ब्राह्मणैः सह ॥ ४.१.२२ ॥
Then Dhaumya spoke to the king words of great meaning, consoling the king and the brothers together with the brahmins.
4.1.23
राजन्विद्वान्भवान्दान्तः सत्यसन्धो जितेन्द्रियः ।
नैवंविधाः प्रमुह्यन्ति धीराः कस्यांचिदापदि ॥ ४.१.२३ ॥
O king, you are learned, self-controlled, true to your vows, and master of your senses; steadfast men such as these are not bewildered in any calamity.
4.1.24
देवैरप्यापदः प्राप्ताश्छन्नैश्च बहुभिस्तदा ।
तत्रतत्र सपत्नानां निग्रहार्थं महात्मभिः ॥ ४.१.२४ ॥
Calamities have befallen even the gods, and at that time many hidden ones too; great souls, to subdue their enemies, endured them here and there.
4.1.25
दितिपुत्रैर्हृते राज्ये देवराजः सुदुःखितः ।
ब्रह्माणं तोषयिष्यंश्च ब्रह्मरूपं विधाय च ॥ ४.१.२५ ॥
When the sons of Diti had seized the kingdom, Indra, lord of the gods, was greatly grieved. Wishing to please Brahmā, he assumed the form of a brahmin.
4.1.26
इन्द्रेण निषधं प्राप्य गिरिप्रस्थाह्वये पुरे ।
छन्नेनोष्य कृतं कर्म द्विषतां बलनिग्रहे ॥ ४.१.२६ ॥
Indra reached the land of Niṣadha and, dwelling in hiding in the city called Giriprastha, carried out there the deed of subduing the strength of his enemies.
4.1.27
प्रसादाद्ब्रह्मणो राजन्दितेः पुत्रान्महाबलान् ।
निर्जित्य तरसा शत्रून्पुनर्लोकाञ्जुगोप च ॥ ४.१.२७ ॥
By the grace of Brahmā, O king, he swiftly conquered the mighty sons of Diti, defeated his enemies, and once again protected the worlds.
4.1.28
विष्णुनाऽश्मगिरिं प्राप्य तदा दित्यां निवत्स्यता ।
गर्भे वधार्थं दैत्यानामज्ञातेनोषितं चिरम् ॥ ४.१.२८ ॥
Then Viṣṇu reached Aśmagiri and, dwelling unknown in the womb of Diti for the sake of slaying the demons, remained there for a long time.
4.1.29
प्रोष्य वामनरूपेण च्छन्नेन ब्रह्मचारिणा ।
बलेर्यथा हृतं राज्यं विक्रमैस्तच्च ते श्रुतम् ॥ ४.१.२९ ॥
Dwelling in hiding in the form of a dwarf, as a celibate student, you have heard how he seized the kingdom of Bali by his valorous deeds.
4.1.30
और्वेण वसता छन्नमूरौ ब्रह्मर्षिणा तदा ।
यत्कृतं तात लोकेषु तच्च सर्वं श्रुतं त्वया ॥ ४.१.३० ॥
Dear son, while the brahmin sage Aurva dwelt in hiding in the thigh, you have heard all that was done by him in the worlds.
4.1.31
प्रच्छन्नेनापि सर्वत्र हरिणा वृत्रनिग्रहे ।
वज्रं प्रविश्य शक्रस्य यत्कृतं तच्च ते श्रुतम् ॥ ४.१.३१ ॥
Hidden everywhere, Hari, in the slaying of Vṛtra, entering Indra's thunderbolt, what he did, that too you have heard.
4.1.32
हुताशनेन यच्चापः प्रविश्य च्छन्नमूषितम् ।
विबुधानां हि यत्कर्म कृतं तच्चापि ते श्रुतम् ॥ ४.१.३२ ॥
What Agni did, entering the waters and acting in concealment, and the deed done by the gods, that too you have heard.
4.1.33
यथा विवस्वता तात छन्नेनोत्तमतेजसा ।
निर्दग्धाः शत्रवः सर्वे वसता गवि वर्षशः ॥ ४.१.३३ ॥
Just as Vivasvat, the sun, of supreme radiance, dwelling hidden among the cows for years, burned up all his enemies, dear one.
4.1.34
विष्णुना वसता चात्र गृहे दशरथस्य वै ।
दशग्रीवो हतश्छन्नं संयुगे भीमकर्मणा ॥ ४.१.३४ ॥
Here too, Viṣṇu, dwelling in the house of Daśaratha, slew the ten-necked one (Rāvaṇa) in battle in concealment, by the one of terrible deeds.
4.1.35
एवमेते महात्मानः प्रच्छन्नास्तत्रतत्र हि ।
अजयञ्छात्रवान्मुख्यांस्तथा त्वमपि जेष्यसि ॥ ४.१.३५ ॥
Thus these great souls, concealed here and there, conquered their chief enemies; so too you will conquer.
4.1.36
इति धौम्येन धर्मज्ञो वाक्यैः स परिहर्षितः ।
शान्तबुद्धिः पुनर्भूत्वा व्यष्टम्भत युधिष्ठिरः ॥ ४.१.३६ ॥
Thus gladdened by Dhaumya's words, Yudhiṣṭhira, knower of dharma, his mind now calm, steadied himself once more.
4.1.37
अथाब्रवीन्महाबाहुर्भीमसेनो महाबलः ।
राजानं बलिनां श्रेष्ठो गिरा संपरिहर्षयन् ॥ ४.१.३७ ॥
Then Bhīmasena, the mighty-armed, the greatest of the strong, gladdening the king with his words, spoke.
4.1.38
अवेक्षय महाराज तव गाण्डीवधन्वना ।
धर्मार्थपरया बुद्ध्या न किंचित्साहसं कृतम् ॥ ४.१.३८ ॥
Look, great king: with your intellect fixed on dharma and wealth, the bearer of the Gāṇḍīva bow has done nothing rash.
4.1.39
सहदेवो मया नित्यं नकुलश्च निवारितौ ।
शक्तौ विध्वंसने तेषां शत्रुघ्नौ भीमविक्रमौ ॥ ४.१.३९ ॥
I have always restrained Sahadeva and Nakula, though those two slayers of enemies, of terrible prowess, are capable of destroying them.
4.1.40
न वयं वर्त्म हास्यामो यस्मिन्योक्ष्यति नो भवान् ।
तद्विधत्तां भवान्सर्वं क्षिप्रं जेष्यामहे परान् ॥ ४.१.४० ॥
We shall not abandon the path on which you direct us. Arrange everything, and we shall quickly conquer our enemies.
4.1.41
इत्युक्तो भीमसेनेन धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ।
सुखोपविष्टो विद्वद्भिस्तापसैः संशितव्रतैः ॥ ४.१.४१ ॥
Thus addressed by Bhīmasena, Yudhiṣṭhira, the king of dharma, seated at ease among the learned ascetics of firm vows.
4.1.42
ये तद्भक्त्याऽभवंस्तस्मिन्वनवासे तपस्विनः ।
तानब्रवीन्महाप्राज्ञः शिष्टान्राजा कृताञ्जलिः ।
अभ्यनुज्ञापयिष्यन्वै तस्मिन्वासे धृतव्रतः ॥ ४.१.४२ ॥
To those ascetics who, out of devotion to him, had stayed in that forest exile, the greatly wise king spoke with folded hands, ready to ask leave from that dwelling, the one firm in his vow.
4.1.43
विदितं भवतां सर्वे र्धार्तराष्ट्रैर्यथा वयम् ।
संमन्त्राहृतराज्याश्च निस्स्वाश्च बहुशः कृताः ।
उषिताः स्मो वने कृच्छ्रं तथा वर्षाणि द्वादश ॥ ४.१.४३ ॥
You all know how the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra dealt with us: our kingdom was seized through a deceitful council, and we were reduced to poverty again and again. For twelve years we dwelt in the forest in hardship.
4.1.44
अज्ञातचर्यासमयं शेषं वर्षं त्रयोदशम् ।
तद्वत्स्यामः क्वचिच्छन्नास्तदनुज्ञातुमर्हथ ॥ ४.१.४४ ॥
The thirteenth year, the period of living unknown, remains. In that way we shall live somewhere concealed; you should grant us leave for it.
4.1.45
इत्युक्ता धर्मराजेन ब्राह्मणाः परमाशिषः ।
प्रयुज्यापृच्छ्य भरतान्यथास्वं प्रययुर्गृहान् ॥ ४.१.४५ ॥
When the king of dharma had thus spoken, the brahmins gave their highest blessings, took leave of the Bharatas, and each went to his own home.
4.1.46
सर्वे वेदविदो मुख्या यतयो मुनयस्तदा ।
आशीरुक्त्वा यथान्यायं पुनर्दर्शनकाङ्क्षिणः ॥ ४.१.४६ ॥
Then all the chief knowers of the Vedas, the ascetics and the sages, having given their blessings duly, departed, desiring to see them again.
4.1.47
ते तु भृत्याश्च दूताश्च शिल्पिनः परिचारकाः ।
अनुज्ञाप्य यथान्यायं पुनर्दर्शनकाङ्क्षिणः ॥ ४.१.४७ ॥
And those servants, messengers, craftsmen and attendants, having taken leave duly, departed, desiring to see them again.
4.1.48
सह धौम्येन विद्वांसस्तथा ते पञ्च पाण्डवाः ।
उत्थाय प्रययुर्वीराः कृष्णामादाय भारत ॥ ४.१.४८ ॥
Together with Dhaumya, those learned men and the five Pandavas also rose and set out; taking Kṛṣṇā with them, the heroic Pandavas departed, O Bhārata.
4.1.49
क्रोशमात्रमतिक्रम्य तस्माद्वासान्निमित्ततः ।
श्वोभूते मनुजव्याघ्राश्छन्नवासार्थमुद्यताः ॥ ४.१.४९ ॥
Having gone a krośa's distance from that dwelling, for some reason, on the next day those tigers among men set out to live in concealment.
4.1.50
पृथक् शास्त्रविदः सर्वे सर्वे मन्त्रविशारदाः ।
सन्धिविग्रहतत्वज्ञा मन्त्राय समुपाविशन् ॥ ४.१.५० ॥
Each of them learned in the treatises, all of them skilled in counsel, knowing the principles of peace and war, they sat down to deliberate.