Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 4.19
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4.19.1
अकीर्तयत सुश्रोणी धर्मं शक्रं दिवाकरम् ।
मारुतं चाश्विनौ देवौ कुबेरं वरुणं यमम् ॥ ४.१९.१ ॥
The fair-hipped one praised Dharma, Indra, the sun, the Wind, the two Aśvins, Kubera, Varuṇa and Yama.
4.19.2
रुद्रमग्निं भगं विष्णुं स्कन्दं पूषणमेव च ।
सावित्रीसहितं चापि ब्रह्माणं पर्यकीर्तयत् ॥ ४.१९.२ ॥
She also fully praised Rudra, Agni, Bhaga, Viṣṇu, Skanda, Pūṣan, and Brahmā together with Sāvitrī.
4.19.3
इत्येवं मृगशवाक्षी सुश्रोणी धर्मचारिणी ।
उपातिष्ठत सा सूर्यं मुहूर्तमबला तदा ॥ ४.१९.३ ॥
Thus the doe-eyed, fair-hipped, righteous woman stood before the sun for a moment, the helpless one at that time.
4.19.4
तदस्यास्तनुमध्यायाः सर्वं सूर्योऽवबुद्धवान् ।
अन्तर्हितं ततस्तस्या रक्षो रक्षार्थमादिशत् ॥ ४.१९.४ ॥
The sun perceived all of this slender-waisted woman's situation; then, for her protection, he commanded a hidden guardian spirit.
4.19.5
तच्चैनां नाजहात्तत्र सर्वावस्थास्वनिन्दिताम् ॥ ४.१९.५ ॥
And that guardian there did not abandon this blameless woman in any condition.
4.19.6
प्रतस्थे सा सुकेशान्ता त्वरमाणा पुनःपुनः ।
विलम्बमाना विवशा कीचकस्य निवेशनम् ॥ ४.१९.६ ॥
The fair-haired woman set out, hastening again and again yet lingering helplessly, toward Kīcaka's dwelling.
4.19.7
तां मृगीमिव वित्रस्तां दृष्ट्वा कृष्णां समागताम् ।
उत्पपातासनात्तूर्णं नावं लब्ध्वेव पारगः ॥ ४.१९.७ ॥
Seeing Kṛṣṇā come near, frightened like a doe, Kīcaka leapt quickly from his seat, as a man who has found a boat leaps to cross over.
4.19.8
श्लक्ष्णं चोवाच वाक्यं स कीचकः काममूर्च्छितः ।
स्वागतं ते सुकेशान्ते सुव्युष्टा रजनी मम ॥ ४.१९.८ ॥
Kīcaka, bewildered by desire, spoke soft words: "Welcome to you, fair-haired one; my night has dawned well indeed."
4.19.9
स्वामिनी त्वमनुप्राप्ता चिरस्य भवनं शुभे ।
कुरुष्व च मयि प्रीतिं वशं चोपानयस्व माम् ॥ ४.१९.९ ॥
"O auspicious one, you have come to my house as its mistress after a long time. Show affection toward me, and bring me under your control."
4.19.10
प्रतिगृह्णीष्व मे भोगांस्त्वदर्थमुपकल्पितान् ।
सर्वरत्नमयीं मालां कुण्डले च हिरण्मये ॥ ४.१९.१० ॥
"Accept the pleasures I have prepared for you: a garland made of all jewels, and golden earrings."
4.19.11
वासांसि चन्दनं माल्यं धूपशुद्धां च वारुणीम् ।
प्रतिगृह्णीष्व भद्रं ते विहर त्वं यथेच्छसि।
प्रीत्या मे कुरु मद्माक्षि प्रसादं प्रियदर्शने ॥ ४.१९.११ ॥
"Accept garments, sandal paste, a garland, and wine purified with incense; may good befall you. Enjoy yourself as you wish. O wine-eyed one, lovely to behold, show favour to me with affection."
4.19.12
स्वास्तीर्णमस्ति शयनं सितसूक्ष्मोत्तरच्छदम् ।
अत्रारुह्य मया सार्धं पिबेमां वरवारुणीम् ॥ ४.१९.१२ ॥
"Here is a well-spread bed with a fine white upper covering. Mount it with me and drink this excellent wine."
4.19.13
भजस्व मां विशालाक्षि भर्ता ते सदृशोस्म्यहम् ।
उपसर्प वरारोहे मेरुमर्कप्रभा यथा ॥ ४.१९.१३ ॥
O broad-eyed one, accept me; I am a fit match for your husband. O fair-hipped woman, come near me as the sunlight draws near to Mount Meru.
4.19.14
स मूढः कीचकस्तत्र प्राप्तां राजीवलोचनाम् ।
अब्रवीद्द्रौपदीं दृष्ट्वा दुरात्मा ह्यात्मसंमतः ॥ ४.१९.१४ ॥
Seeing lotus-eyed Draupadī, who had come there, that deluded Kīcaka, wicked-minded and self-willed, spoke to her.
4.19.15
कीचकेनैवमुक्ता सा द्रौपदी वरवर्णिनी ।
अब्रवीत्तमनाचारं नेदृशं वक्तुमर्हसि ॥ ४.१९.१५ ॥
Thus addressed by Kīcaka, Draupadī of excellent complexion said to that man of improper conduct, "You ought not to speak such words."
4.19.16
नाहं शक्या त्वया स्प्रष्टुं श्वपचेनेव ब्राह्मणी ।
गन्तुमिच्छसि दुर्बुद्धे गतिं दुर्गतरान्तराम् ॥ ४.१९.१६ ॥
You cannot touch me, as an outcaste cook could not touch a Brahmin woman. O evil-minded one, you wish to go toward a fate even more wretched.
4.19.17
यत्र गच्छन्ति बहवः परदाराभिमर्शकाः ।
नराः संभिन्नमर्यादाः कीटवच्चाशुभाश्रयाः ॥ ४.१९.१७ ॥
To the place where many men go who touch others' wives, who have broken the bounds of propriety, and who dwell in foul places like worms.
4.19.18
अप्रैषीन्मां सुराहारीं सुदेष्णा त्वन्निवेशनम् ।
तस्यै नयिष्ये मदिरां भगिनी तृषिता तव ॥ ४.१९.१८ ॥
Sudeṣṇā has sent me to your house to fetch wine. I will take wine to her, for your sister is thirsty.
4.19.19
पिपासिता च कैकेयी तूर्णं मामादिशत्ततः ।
दीयतां मे सुरा शीघ्रं सूतपुत्र व्रजाम्यहम् ॥ ४.१९.१९ ॥
Thirsty, the Kaikeyī quickly commanded me: 'Charioteer's son, give me wine at once; I am going.'
4.19.20
अन्या भद्रे हरिष्यन्ति राजपुत्र्याः सुरामिमाम् ।
किं त्वं यास्यसि कल्याणि मदर्थं त्वमिहागता ॥ ४.१९.२० ॥
Kīcaka said: 'Good lady, other maids will carry this wine to the princess. Fair one, you have come here for my sake; why would you go?'
4.19.21
इत्युक्त्वा दक्षिणे पाणौ सूतपुत्रः परामृशत् ।
सा गृहीता विधून्वन्ती भूमौ निक्षिप्य भाजनम् ।
सभां शरणमाधावद्यत्र राजा युधिष्ठिरः ॥ ४.१९.२१ ॥
Having said this, the charioteer's son seized her right hand. Caught, she shook herself free, set down the vessel on the ground, and ran for refuge to the assembly where King Yudhiṣṭhira was.
4.19.22
तां कीचकः प्रधावन्तीं केशपक्षे परामृशत् ।
पातयित्वा तु तां भूमौ सूतपुत्रः पदाऽवधीत् ॥ ४.१९.२२ ॥
Kīcaka seized her by the braid of hair as she ran. Throwing her to the ground, the charioteer's son struck her with his foot.
4.19.23
सभायां पश्यतो राज्ञो विराटस्य महात्मनः ।
ब्राह्मणानां च वृद्धानां क्षत्रियाणां च पश्यतां ॥ ४.१९.२३ ॥
In the assembly, while the great-souled King Virāṭa watched, and while brahmins, elders and kṣatriyas also watched.
4.19.24
तस्याः पादाभितप्ताया मुखाद्रुधिरमास्रवत् ॥ ४.१९.२४ ॥
From her mouth, struck and tormented by the foot, blood began to flow.
4.19.25
ततो दिवाकरेणाशु राक्षसः संनियोजितः ।
स कीचकमपोवाह वातवेगेन भारत ॥ ४.१९.२५ ॥
Then the demon, swiftly set in motion by the sun, carried Kīcaka away with the speed of the wind, O Bhārata.
4.19.26
स पपात तदा भूमौ रक्षोबलसमीरितः ।
विघूर्णमानो निश्चेष्टश्छिन्नमूल इव द्रुमः ॥ ४.१९.२६ ॥
Hurled down by the demon's might, he then fell to the ground, reeling and motionless, like a tree with its roots cut.
4.19.27
तां दृष्ट्वा तत्र ते सभ्या हाहाभूताः समन्ततः ।
न युक्तं सूतपुत्रेति कीचकेति च तेऽवदन्।
किमियं वध्यते बाला कृपणा चाप्यबान्धवा ॥ ४.१९.२७ ॥
Seeing her there, all the members of the assembly cried out in dismay on every side, saying, 'This is not fitting, Kīcaka, son of a charioteer! Why is this helpless young woman, who has no kin, being beaten?'
4.19.28
तस्यामासन्हि ते पार्थाः सभायां भ्रातरस्तथा ।
अमृष्यमाणाः कृष्णायाः कीचकेन पदा वधं ॥ ४.१९.२८ ॥
In that assembly the sons of Pṛthā, and their brothers as well, could not bear the blow dealt to Kṛṣṇā by Kīcaka's foot.
4.19.29
तां दृष्ट्वा भीमसेनस्य क्रोधादास्रमवर्तत ।
धूमोच्छ्वासः समभवन्नेत्रे चोच्छ्रितपक्ष्मणी ।
सस्वेदा भ्रुकुटी चोग्रा ललाटे समवर्तत ॥ ४.१९.२९ ॥
Seeing her, tears of anger welled up in Bhīmasena; smoke seemed to come from his breath, his eyes stood wide with lifted lashes, and a fierce frown with sweat appeared on his forehead.
4.19.30
तस्य भीमो वधप्रेप्सुः कीचकस्य दुरात्मनः ।
दन्तैर्दन्तांस्तदा रोपान्निष्पिपेष महामनाः ॥ ४.१९.३० ॥
Bhīma, great-hearted, desiring to slay that wicked-minded Kīcaka, then ground tooth against tooth in rage.
4.19.31
भूयः संचरितः क्रुद्धः सहसोत्थाय चासनात् ।
निरैक्षत द्रुमं दीर्घं राजानं चाप्यवैक्षत ॥ ४.१९.३१ ॥
Again, angry, he suddenly rose from his seat, looked at the tall tree, and also looked at the king.
4.19.32
वधमाकाङ्क्षमाणं तं कीचकस्य दुरात्मनः ।
आकारेणैव भीमं स प्रत्यपेधद्युधिष्ठिरः ॥ ४.१९.३२ ॥
Yudhiṣṭhira, by a gesture alone, restrained Bhīma, who desired the death of the evil-minded Kīcaka.
4.19.33
तस्य राजा शनैः संज्ञां कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः ।
चकार भीमसेनस्य रोषाविष्टस्य धीमतः ॥ ४.१९.३३ ॥
King Yudhiṣṭhira, son of Kuntī, slowly drew the attention of the wise Bhīmasena, who was filled with anger, toward himself.
4.19.34
प्रत्याख्यानं तदा चाह कङ्को नाम युधिष्ठिरः ॥ ४.१९.३४ ॥
Then Yudhiṣṭhira, named Kaṅka, spoke in refusal.
4.19.35
सूद मा साहसं कार्षीः फलितोऽयं वनस्पतिः ।
नात्र शुष्काणि काष्ठानि सन्ति यानि च कानि च ॥ ४.१९.३५ ॥
Cook, do not do such a rash deed; this tree is laden with fruit. Here there is no dry wood, nor is there anything else of the kind.
4.19.36
यदि ते दारुकृत्यं स्यान्निष्क्रम्य नगराद्बहिः ।
समूलं शातयेर्वृक्षं श्रमस्ते न भविष्यति ॥ ४.१९.३६ ॥
If you have a task of cutting wood, go outside the city and cut down this tree root and all; your labour will not be in vain.
4.19.37
यस्य चार्द्रस्य वृक्षस्य शीतच्छायां समाश्रयेत् ।
न तस्य पर्णे द्रुह्येत पूर्ववृत्तमनुस्मरन् ॥ ४.१९.३७ ॥
Whoever takes shelter in the cool shade of a moist tree should not harm even its leaf, remembering its former service.
4.19.38
न क्रोधकालसमयः सूद मा चापलं कृथाः ।
अपूर्णोऽयं द्विपक्षोनो नेदं बलवतां बहु ॥ ४.१९.३८ ॥
Cook, this is no time for anger; do not act rashly. This is incomplete, lacking on both sides; for the strong it is not much at all.
4.19.39
अथाङ्गुष्ठेनावमृद्गादङ्गुष्ठं तत्र धर्मराट् ।
प्रबोधनभयाद्राज्ञो भीमं तं प्रत्यषेधयत् ॥ ४.१९.३९ ॥
Then the king of dharma pressed Bhīma's thumb with his own thumb, and, fearing the king would wake, he restrained him.
4.19.40
भीमसेनस्तु तद्वाक्यं श्रुत्वा परपुरञ्जयः ।
सहसोत्पतितं क्रोधं न्ययच्छद्धृतिमान्बलात् ।
इङ्गितज्ञः स तु भ्रातुस्तूष्णीमासीद्वृकोदरः ॥ ४.१९.४० ॥
Bhīmasena, conqueror of enemy cities, heard those words and, steadfast, forcibly restrained the anger that had suddenly risen; knowing his brother's signs, Vṛkodara sat silent.
4.19.41
भीमस्य च समारम्भं दृष्ट्वा राज्ञोऽस्य चेष्टितम् ।
द्रौपदी चाधिकं क्रोधात्प्रारुदत्सा पुनःपुनः ॥ ४.१९.४१ ॥
Seeing Bhīma's effort and that action of the king, Draupadī, overcome with anger, wept greatly, again and again.
4.19.42
कीचकेनानुगमनात्कृष्णा ताम्रायतेक्षणा ।
सभाद्वारमुपगम्य रुदन्ती वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥ ४.१९.४२ ॥
Because Kīcaka had followed her, Kṛṣṇā, with long reddened eyes, came to the door of the assembly hall and, weeping, spoke these words.
4.19.43
अवेक्षमाणा सुश्रोणी पतींस्तान्दीनचेतसः ।
आकारं परिरक्षन्ती प्रतिज्ञां धर्मसंयुताम्।
दह्यमानेव रौद्रेण चक्षुषा द्रुपदात्मजा ॥ ४.१९.४३ ॥
Looking at those husbands with dejected minds, guarding the form of her dharma-bound vow, the beautiful-hipped daughter of Drupada seemed to be burning with fierce eyes.
4.19.44
प्रजारक्षणशीलानां राज्ञां ह्यमिततेजसाम् ।
कार्याऽनुपालनं नित्यं धर्मे सत्ये च तिष्ठताम् ॥ ४.१९.४४ ॥
For kings of immeasurable splendor, whose nature is to protect their subjects, the fulfilment of duty always belongs to those who stand firm in dharma and truth.
4.19.45
स्वप्रजायां प्रजायां च विशेषं नाधिगच्छताम् ।
प्रियेष्वपि च वध्येषु समत्वं ये समाश्रिताः ॥ ४.१९.४५ ॥
Those who make no distinction between their own subjects and others', and who hold to even-mindedness toward the dear as well as toward those who deserve punishment.
4.19.46
विवादेषु प्रवृत्तेषु समं कार्यानुदर्शिना ।
राज्ञा धर्मासनस्थेन जितौ लोकावुभावपि ॥ ४.१९.४६ ॥
When disputes arise, the king who, seated on the throne of dharma, judges impartially and with clear sight of the matter, wins both worlds.
4.19.47
राजन्धर्मासनस्थो हि रक्ष मां त्वमनागसम् ॥ ४.१९.४७ ॥
O king, you who sit on the throne of dharma, protect me, who am without fault.
4.19.48
अहं त्वनपराध्यन्ती कीचकेन दुरात्मना ।
पश्यतस्ते महाराज हता पादेन दासिवात् ॥ ४.१९.४८ ॥
I, though without offence, was struck with a foot by the wicked-minded Kīcaka, O great king, while you looked on, like a slave-woman.
4.19.49
त्वत्समक्षं नृपश्रेष्ठ निष्पिष्टा वसुधातले ।
अनागसं कृपार्हां मां स्त्रियं त्वं परिपालय ॥ ४.१९.४९ ॥
O best of kings, in your very presence I have been crushed upon the earth. I am blameless, deserving of compassion, a woman; you should protect me.
4.19.50
रक्ष मां कीचकाद्भीतां धर्मं रक्ष नरेश्वर ।
मत्स्याधिप प्रजा रक्ष पिता पुत्रानिवौरसान् ॥ ४.१९.५० ॥
O lord of men, protect me, frightened of Kīcaka; protect dharma. O lord of the Matsyas, protect your subjects, as a father protects his own sons.
4.19.51
यस्त्वधर्मेण कार्याणि मोहात्मा कुरुते नृपः ।
अचिरात्तं दुरात्मानं वशे कुर्वन्ति शत्रवः ॥ ४.१९.५१ ॥
A king whose mind is deluded and who acts unrighteously — enemies soon bring that wicked-souled one under their control.
4.19.52
मत्स्यानां कुलजस्त्वं हि तेषां सत्यं परायणम् ।
त्वं किलैवंविधो जातः कुले धर्मपरायणे ॥ ४.१९.५२ ॥
You were born in the lineage of the Matsyas, for whom truth is the supreme refuge; you, being of such a kind, were born in a family devoted to dharma.
4.19.53
अतस्त्वाहमभिक्रन्दे शरणार्थं नराधिप ।
त्राहि मामद्य राजेन्द्र कीचकात्पापपूरुषात् ॥ ४.१९.५३ ॥
Therefore, O lord of men, I cry out to you for refuge. O lord of kings, save me today from Kīcaka, that sinful man.
4.19.54
अनाथामिह मां ज्ञात्वा कीचकः पुरुषाधमः ।
प्रहरत्येव नीचात्मा न तु धर्ममवेक्षते ॥ ४.१९.५४ ॥
Knowing me to be without protector here, the vilest of men, Kīcaka, base in soul, keeps striking me; he does not regard dharma at all.
4.19.55
अकार्याणामनारम्भात्कार्याणामनुपालनात् ।
प्रजासु ये सुवृत्तास्ते स्वर्गमायान्ति भूमिपाः ॥ ४.१९.५५ ॥
Kings who keep from what should not be done, and carry out what should be done, and who behave well toward their subjects, go to heaven.
4.19.56
कार्याकार्यविशेषज्ञाः कामकारेण पार्थिवाः ।
प्रजासु किल्बिषं कृत्वा नरकं यान्त्यधोमुखाः ॥ ४.१९.५६ ॥
Kings who know the distinction between what should and should not be done, yet by acting out of desire commit sin against their subjects, go head-down to hell.
4.19.57
नैव यज्ञैर्न वा दानैर्न गुरोरुपसेवनात् ।
प्राप्नुवन्ति तथा धर्मं यथा कार्यानुपालनात् ॥ ४.१९.५७ ॥
Not by sacrifices, nor by gifts, nor by serving the teacher, do people obtain dharma as they do by carrying out what is to be done.
4.19.58
अपि चेदं पुरा ब्रह्मा प्रोवाचेन्द्राय पृच्छते ।
द्वन्द्वं कार्यमकार्यं च लोके चासीत्परं यथा ॥ ४.१९.५८ ॥
In former times Brahmā also declared this to Indra, when he asked: the pair of what is to be done and what is not to be done in the world is as supreme as it is.
4.19.59
धर्माधर्मौ पुनर्द्वन्द्वं विनियुक्तमथापि वा ।
क्रियाणामक्रियाणां च प्रापणे पुण्यपापयोः ॥ ४.१९.५९ ॥
Dharma and adharma are again a pair, assigned to the attainment of merit and sin through actions and non-actions.
4.19.60
प्रजायां सृज्यमानायां पुरा ह्येतदुदाहृतम् ।
एतद्वो मानुषाः सम्यक्कार्यं द्वन्द्वत्रयं भुवि ॥ ४.१९.६० ॥
This was declared long ago, when creatures were being created. O men, these three pairs are rightly assigned to your duty on earth.
4.19.61
अस्मिन्सुनीते दुर्नीते लभते कर्मजं फलम् ।
कल्याणकारी कल्याणं पापकारी च पापकम् ॥ ४.१९.६१ ॥
In good conduct or in bad, a person obtains the fruit born of his deeds: the doer of good obtains good, and the doer of evil obtains evil.
4.19.62
तेन गच्छति संसर्गं स्वर्गाय नरकाय वा ।
सुकृतं दुष्कृतं वाऽपि कृत्वा मोहेन मानवः ।
पश्चात्तापेन तप्येत स्वबुद्ध्या मरणं गतः ॥ ४.१९.६२ ॥
By that deed he goes into the company of heaven or of hell. Having done good or evil through delusion, a person is afterwards tormented by remorse, and reaches death by his own understanding.
4.19.63
एवमुक्त्वा परं वाक्यं विससर्ज शतक्रतुम् ।
शक्रोप्यापृच्छ्य ब्रह्माणं देवराज्यमपालयत् ॥ ४.१९.६३ ॥
Having spoken these supreme words, he dismissed Śatakratu (Indra). Indra too, taking leave of Brahmā, protected the kingdom of the gods.
4.19.64
यथोक्तं देवराजेन ब्रह्मणा परमेष्ठिना ।
तथा त्वमपि राजेन्द्र कार्याकार्ये स्थिरो भव ॥ ४.१९.६४ ॥
As was said by Indra, lord of the gods, and by the supreme Brahmā, so you too, O lord of kings, be steadfast in what is to be done and what is not to be done.