Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 4.21
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4.21.1
अहो दुःखतरं प्राप्ता कीचकेन पदा हता ।
पतिव्रता महाभागा द्रौपदी योषितांवरा ॥ ४.२१.१ ॥
Alas, struck by Kīcaka's foot, Draupadī, devoted to her husband, greatly fortunate, best of women, has been brought to a more painful state.
4.21.2
दुःशलां स्मारयन्ती सा भर्तॄणां भगिनीं शुभाम् ।
नाशपत्सिन्धुराजं सा बलात्कारेण वाहिता ॥ ४.२१.२ ॥
Recalling Duḥśalā, the auspicious sister of her husbands, she who was dragged away by force cursed the king of Sindhu.
4.21.3
किमर्थमिह संप्राप्ता कीचकेन दुरात्मना ।
नाशपत्तं महाभागा कृष्णा पादेन ताडिता ॥ ४.२१.३ ॥
Why had she been brought here by the wicked-minded Kīcaka? Kṛṣṇā, greatly fortunate, struck with the foot, cursed him.
4.21.4
तेजोराशिरियं देवी धर्मज्ञा सत्यवादिनी ।
केशपांशे परामृष्टा मर्षयन्ती ह्यशक्तवत् ॥ ४.२१.४ ॥
This mass of radiance, the goddess, who knows dharma and speaks truth, seized by the hair and dust, endured it as though powerless.
4.21.5
नैतत्कारणमल्पं हि श्रोतुकामोऽस्मि सत्तम ।
कृष्णायास्तु परिक्लेशान्मनो मे दूयते भृशम् ॥ ४.२१.५ ॥
This is no small cause; O best of the good, I wish to hear it. My mind is greatly pained by Kṛṣṇā's affliction.
4.21.6
कस्य वंशे समुद्भूतः स च दुर्ललितो मुने ।
बलोन्मत्तः कथं चासीत्स्यालो मात्स्यस्य कीचकः ॥ ४.२१.६ ॥
O sage, in whose lineage was he born? And how did that spoiled, strength-maddened Kīcaka become the brother-in-law of the Matsya king?
4.21.7
दृष्ट्वापि तां प्रियां भार्यां सूतपुत्रेण ताडिताम् ।
नैव चुक्षुभिरे वीराः किमकुर्वन्त तं प्रति ॥ ४.२१.७ ॥
Even seeing their beloved wife struck by the charioteer's son, the heroes were not at all agitated. What did they do against him?
4.21.8
त्वदुक्तोऽयमनुप्रश्नः कुरूणां कीर्तिवर्धनः ।
एतत्सर्वं यथा वक्ष्ये विस्तरेणेह पार्थिव ॥ ४.२१.८ ॥
O king, this follow-up question of yours, which increases the glory of the Kurus, I shall now tell in full detail, exactly as it happened.
4.21.9
ब्राह्मण्यां क्षत्रियाञ्जातः सूतो भवति पार्थिव ।
प्रातिलोम्येन जातानां स ह्येको द्विज एव तु ॥ ४.२१.९ ॥
O king, the son born of a kṣatriya man and a brahmin woman is called a sūta. Among those born in the inverse order, he alone is indeed a twice-born.
4.21.10
रथकारमितीमं हि क्रियायुक्तं द्विजन्मनाम् ।
क्षत्रियादवरो वैश्याद्विशिष्ट इति चक्षते ॥ ४.२१.१० ॥
Engaged in the work of the twice-born, he is named a chariot-maker; they say he is lower than a kṣatriya yet superior to a vaiśya.
4.21.11
सह सूतेन संबन्धः कृतः पूर्वं नराधिपैः ।
तेन तु प्रातिलोम्येन राजशब्दो न लभ्यते ॥ ४.२१.११ ॥
Kings in former times made marriage ties with a sūta, but because of the inverse order of such a union, the title 'king' is not obtained by him.
4.21.12
तेषां तु सूतविषयः सूतानां नामतः कृतः ।
उपजीव्यं च यत्क्षेत्रं राजन्सूतेन वै पुरा ॥ ४.२१.१२ ॥
Their domain of sūtas was named after the sūtas, and the land on which the sūta formerly subsisted, O king, was indeed his.
4.21.13
सूतानामधिपो राजा केकयो नाम विश्रुतः ।
राजकन्यासमुद्भूतः सारथ्येऽनुपमोऽभवत् ॥ ४.२१.१३ ॥
Keikaya, lord of the charioteers, a renowned king, born of a royal maiden, was unequalled in charioteering.
4.21.14
पुत्रास्तस्य कुरुश्रेष्ठ मालव्यां जझिरे तदा ।
कीचका इति विख्याताः शतं षट् चैव भारत ॥ ४.२१.१४ ॥
O best of the Kurus, then sons were born to him by Mālavī, known as the Kīcakas—a hundred and six, O descendant of Bharata.
4.21.15
तेषामासीद्बलश्रेष्ठः कीचकः सर्वजित्प्रभो ।
अग्रजो बलसंमत्तस्तेनासीत्सूतषट्शतम् ॥ ४.२१.१५ ॥
Among them was Kīcaka, the foremost in strength, all-conquering, O lord. He was the eldest, intoxicated with his might; through him there were six hundred charioteers.
4.21.16
मालव्या एव कौरव्य तत्र ह्यवरजाऽभवत् ।
तस्यां केकयराज्ञस्तु सुदेष्णा दुहिताऽभवत् ॥ ४.२१.१६ ॥
O descendant of the Kurus, from Mālavī indeed there was a younger-born child; from her was born Sudeṣṇā, daughter of the king of the Kekayas.
4.21.17
तां विराटस्य मात्स्यस्य केकयः प्रददौ मुदा ।
सुरथायां मृतायां तु कौसल्यां श्वेतमातरि ॥ ४.२१.१७ ॥
Keikaya gladly gave her to Virāṭa, king of the Matsyas. When Surathā had died, Kausalyā, mother of Śveta, (was there).
4.21.18
श्वेते विनष्टे शङ्खे च गते मातुलवेश्मनि ।
सुदेष्णां महिषीं लब्ध्वा राज दुःखमपानुदत् ॥ ४.२१.१८ ॥
When Śveta had perished and Śaṅkha had gone to his maternal uncle's house, the king, having obtained Sudeṣṇā as his chief queen, dispelled his sorrow.
4.21.19
उत्तरं चोत्तरां चैव विराटात्पृथिवीपते ।
सुदेष्णा सुषुवे देवी कैकेयी कुलवृद्धये ॥ ४.२१.१९ ॥
O lord of the earth, from Virāṭa the queen Sudeṣṇā, the Kaikeyī, bore Uttara and Uttarā for the increase of the family.
4.21.20
मातृष्वसृसुतां राजन्कीचकस्तामनिन्दिताम् ।
सदा परिचरन्प्रीत्या विराटे न्यवसत्सुखी ॥ ४.२१.२० ॥
O king, Kīcaka, attending with affection that blameless woman, his cousin, dwelt happily in Virāṭa's house.
4.21.21
भ्रातरश्चास्य विक्रान्ताः सर्वे च तमनुव्रताः ।
विराटस्यैव संहृष्टा बलं कोशं त्ववर्धयन् ॥ ४.२१.२१ ॥
His valiant brothers, all following him, rejoicing, increased the army and treasury of Virāṭa.
4.21.22
कालेया नाम ते दैत्याः प्रायशो भुवि विश्रुताः ।
जझिरे कीचका राजन्बाणो ज्येष्ठस्तथाऽभवत् ॥ ४.२१.२२ ॥
O king, those Daityas renowned on earth mostly by the name of Kāleyas were born as the Kīcakas, and among them Bāṇa became the eldest.
4.21.23
स हि सर्वास्रसंपन्नो बलवान्भीमविक्रमः ।
कीचको नष्टमर्यादो बभूव भयदो नृणाम् ॥ ४.२१.२३ ॥
That Kīcaka, endowed with all weapons, mighty and of terrible prowess, having lost all restraint, became a giver of fear to men.
4.21.24
तं प्राप्य बलसंमत्तं विराटः पृथिवीपतिः ।
जिगाय सर्वांश्च रिपून्यथेन्द्रो दानवान्पुरा ॥ ४.२१.२४ ॥
Having obtained him, intoxicated with strength, Virāṭa, lord of the earth, conquered all his enemies, as Indra in former times conquered the Dānavas.
4.21.25
मेखलांश्च त्रिगर्तांश्च दशार्णांश्च कशेरुकान् ।
मालवांश्चैव यवनान्सिलिन्दान्काशिकोसलान् ॥ ४.२१.२५ ॥
He also conquered the Mekhalas, Trigartas, Daśārṇas, Kaśerukas, Mālavas, Yavanas, Silindas, and the Kāśis and Kosalas.
4.21.26
करदांश्च निषिद्धांश्च शिवान्मचुलकांस्तथा ।
पुलिन्दांश्च कलिङ्गांश्च तङ्कणान्परतङ्कणान् ॥ ४.२१.२६ ॥
He also conquered the Karadas, Niṣiddhas, Śivas, Macculakas, Pulindas, Kalingas, Taṅkaṇas and Parataṅkaṇas.
4.21.27
अन्ये च बहवः शूरा नानाजनपदेश्वराः ।
कीचकेन रणे भग्ना विद्रवन्ति दिशो दश ॥ ४.२१.२७ ॥
Many other heroes, lords of various realms, routed in battle by Kīcaka, fled in the ten directions.
4.21.28
तमेवंवीर्यसंपन्नं नागायुतसमं बले ।
विराटस्तत्र सेनायाश्चकार पतिमात्मनः ॥ ४.२१.२८ ॥
Virāṭa there made him, endowed with such valour, equal in strength to ten thousand elephants, the commander of his own army.
4.21.29
विराटभ्रातरश्चैव दश दाशरथेः समाः ।
ते चैनानन्ववर्तन्त कीचकान्बलवत्तरान् ॥ ४.२१.२९ ॥
The ten brothers of Virāṭa, equal to the sons of Daśaratha, also followed these Kīcakas, who were even stronger.
4.21.30
एवंविधबलो भीमः कीचकस्ते च तद्विधाः ।
राज्ञः स्याला महात्मानो विराटस्य हितैषिणः ॥ ४.२१.३० ॥
Such was the strength of the fearsome Kīcaka; and he and others like him were the great-souled brothers-in-law of King Virāṭa, well-wishers of Virāṭa.
4.21.31
एतत्ते कथितं सर्वं कीचकस्य पराक्रमम् ।
द्रौपदी न शशापैनं यस्मात्तद्गदतः शृणु ॥ ४.२१.३१ ॥
I have told you all of Kīcaka's prowess. Listen now to why Draupadī did not curse him.
4.21.32
रक्षन्ति हि तपः क्रोधादृषयो न शपन्ति च ।
जानन्ती तद्यथातत्त्वं द्रौपदी न शशाप तम् ॥ ४.२१.३२ ॥
Sages guard their asceticism from anger, and so they do not curse. Knowing this truth, Draupadī did not curse him.
4.21.33
क्षमा धर्मः क्षमा दानं क्षमा यज्ञः क्षमा तपः ।
क्षमा सत्यं क्षमा शीलं क्षमा सर्वमिति श्रुतिः ॥ ४.२१.३३ ॥
Forbearance is dharma, forbearance is giving, forbearance is sacrifice, forbearance is asceticism. Forbearance is truth, forbearance is good conduct, forbearance is all things — so the scripture teaches.
4.21.34
क्षमावतामयं लोकः परश्चैव क्षमावताम् ।
एतत्सर्वं विजानन्ती सा क्षमामन्वपद्यत ॥ ४.२१.३४ ॥
This world and the next belong to the forbearing. Knowing all this, she took refuge in forbearance.
4.21.35
भर्तॄणां मतमाज्ञाय क्षमिणां धर्मचारिणाम् ।
नाशपत्तं विशालाक्षी सती शक्ताऽपि भारत ॥ ४.२१.३५ ॥
O Bhārata, the chaste, broad-eyed Draupadī, knowing the will of her forbearing and dharma-following husbands, did not curse him, though she had the power to.
4.21.36
पाण्डवाश्चापि ते सर्वे द्रौपदीं प्रेक्ष्य दुःखिताम् ।
क्रोधाग्निनाऽप्यदह्यन्त तदा लञ्जाव्यपेक्षया ॥ ४.२१.३६ ॥
Then all the Pāṇḍavas, seeing Draupadī grieved, burned with the fire of anger, yet they held back out of regard for shame.
4.21.37
अथ भीमो महाबाहुः मूदयिष्यंस्तु कीचकम् ।
वारितो धर्मपुत्रेण वेलयेव महोदधिः ॥ ४.२१.३७ ॥
Then Bhīma, the mighty-armed, was about to crush Kīcaka, but he was held back by the son of Dharma, as the shore holds back the great ocean.
4.21.38
संधार्य मनसा रोषं दिवारात्रं विनिश्वसन् ।
महानसे तदा कृच्छ्रात्सुष्वाप रजनीं च ताम् ॥ ४.२१.३८ ॥
Holding his anger within his mind, sighing deeply by day and by night, Bhīma then with difficulty slept that night in the kitchen.