Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 4.50
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4.50.1
कृपस्य वचनं श्रुत्वा कर्णो राजन्युधांपतिः ।
पुनः प्रोवाच संरब्धो गर्हयन्ब्राह्मणं कृपम् ॥ ४.५०.१ ॥
Hearing Kṛpa's words, Karṇa, lord of warriors, O king, enraged again, reproaching the brahmin Kṛpa, spoke once more.
4.50.2
लक्षयाम्यहमाचार्यं भयाद्भक्तिं गतं रिपौ ।
भीतेन हि न योद्धव्यमहं योत्स्ये धनञ्जयम् ॥ ४.५०.२ ॥
Teacher, I perceive that your devotion has gone over to the enemy out of fear. A frightened man should not fight; I shall fight Dhanañjaya.
4.50.3
ननु वारुणमाग्नेयं याम्यं वायव्यमेव च ।
अस्त्रं ब्रह्मशिरश्चैव सत्वहीनस्य ते वृथा ॥ ४.५०.३ ॥
The Varuṇa weapon, the Āgneya, the Yāmya, the Vāyavya, and the Brahmaśiras weapon — all these are in vain for you, who lack courage.
4.50.4
मित्रकार्यं कृतमिदं पितापुत्रैर्महारथैः ।
भर्तृपिण्डश्च निर्विष्टो यथेष्टं गन्तुमर्हथ ॥ ४.५०.४ ॥
The friend's duty has been performed by these great chariot-warriors, father and son, and the lord's food has been eaten; now you may go wherever you wish.
4.50.5
भिक्षां हरस्व नित्यं त्वं यज्ञाननुचरस्व च ।
आमन्त्रणानि भुङ्क्षाद्य माऽस्मान्युद्धेन भीषय ॥ ४.५०.५ ॥
Beg alms always, and attend upon the sacrifices; today eat the food of invitations, and do not frighten us with battle.
4.50.6
भार्गवास्त्रं मया मुक्तं निर्दहेत्पृथिवीमिमाम् ।
किं पुनः पाण्डुपुत्राणामेकमर्जुनमाहवे ॥ ४.५०.६ ॥
The Bhārgava weapon released by me would burn this very earth; how much more, in battle, a single one of the Pāṇḍu sons, Arjuna!
4.50.7
आगमिष्यन्ति पदवीं मात्स्याः पाण्डवमाश्रिताः ।
कीचकानां तु बलिनां शत्रुसेनावमर्दिनाम् ॥ ४.५०.७ ॥
The Matsyas who have taken refuge with the Pāṇḍavas will come; but the Kīcakas are mighty, crushers of enemy armies.
4.50.8
तानहं निहनिष्यामि भवता गम्यतां गृहम् ।
किं वेदवादिनां कार्यं परस्नेहानुभाषिणाम् ॥ ४.५०.८ ॥
I shall slay them; you may go home. What business is this of those who speak the Vedas and speak in favour of others' affection?
4.50.9
तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा अश्वत्थामा प्रतापवान् ।
उवाच वदतांश्रेष्ठो दुर्योधनमवेक्ष्य च ॥ ४.५०.९ ॥
Having heard those words, the mighty Aśvatthāman, best of speakers, looked at Duryodhana and spoke.
4.50.10
न च तावञ्जिता गावो न च सीमान्तरं गताः ।
न हास्तिनपुरं प्राप्तास्त्वं च कर्ण विकत्थसे ॥ ४.५०.१० ॥
The cows have not been conquered, we have not gone to the frontier, we have not reached Hāstinapura; yet you boast, O Karṇa.
4.50.11
बहूनि धर्मशास्त्राणि पठन्ति द्विजसत्तमाः ।
तेषु किंस्विदिदं दृष्टं द्यूते जीयेत यन्नृपः ॥ ४.५०.११ ॥
The best of the twice-born recite many treatises on dharma; in them, has it ever been seen that a king should be conquered at dice?
4.50.12
संग्रामान्विपुलाञ्जित्वा लब्धा च विपुलं धनम् ।
विजित्य च महीं कृत्स्नां नेह कत्थन्ति पण्डिताः ॥ ४.५०.१२ ॥
Even having won great battles, gained vast wealth, and conquered the whole earth, the wise do not boast here.
4.50.13
पचत्यग्निरवाक्यस्तु तूष्णीं भाति दिवाकरः ।
तूष्णीं धारयते लोकान्वसुधा सचराचरान् ॥ ४.५०.१३ ॥
Fire cooks without speaking, the sun shines in silence, and the earth in silence bears up the worlds, moving and unmoving.
4.50.14
चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य कर्माणि विहितानि महर्षिभिः ।
धनं यैरधिगन्तव्यं यच्च कुर्वन्न दुष्यति ॥ ४.५०.१४ ॥
The duties of the four social orders have been prescribed by the great sages; by them wealth is to be obtained, and one who does them is not defiled.
4.50.15
अधीत्य ब्राह्मणो वेदान्याजयेत यजेत वा ।
क्षत्रियो धनमाहृत्य यजेतैव न याजयेत् ॥ ४.५०.१५ ॥
Having studied the Vedas, a brahmin may officiate at others' sacrifices or perform one himself; a kshatriya, having gathered wealth, should sacrifice himself and not officiate for others.
4.50.16
वैश्योऽधिगम्य वित्तानि वार्ताकर्माणि कारयेत् ॥ ४.५०.१६ ॥
The vaishya, having acquired wealth, should carry on the work of trade and husbandry.
4.50.17
शूद्रः शुश्रूषणं कुर्यात्रिषु वर्णेषु नित्यशः ।
वन्दनायोगविधिभिर्वैतसीं वृत्तिमाश्रितः ॥ ४.५०.१७ ॥
The shudra should always serve the three social orders, following the rules of reverence and devotion, and resorting to a humble livelihood.
4.50.18
वर्तमाना यथाशास्त्रं प्राप्य चापि महीमिमाम् ।
प्रकुर्वन्ति महाभागा यज्ञान्सुविपुलानपि ॥ ४.५०.१८ ॥
Abiding by the scriptures, and having obtained this earth, the greatly fortunate perform many abundant sacrifices.
4.50.19
का जातिस्तेषु सूतेयं केऽपि मन्त्राः क्रियाश्च काः ।
केयं वर्णेषु या राज्ञो वक्तृभोक्तृनियन्तृषु ॥ ४.५०.१९ ॥
What is this lineage of charioteers among them? What mantras and what rites belong to it? Among the classes of the king, those who speak, enjoy and rule, what class is this?
4.50.20
दुर्योधनमभिप्रेक्ष्य कर्णं च कुरुसंसाद ।
अश्वत्थामा भृशं क्रुद्धो दुर्योधनमतर्जयत् ॥ ४.५०.२० ॥
Looking at Duryodhana and at Karṇa in the assembly of the Kurus, Aśvatthāman, greatly angered, rebuked Duryodhana.
4.50.21
प्राप्य द्यूतेन को राज्यं क्षत्रियः स्तोष्टुर्महति ।
तथा नृशंसरूपोयं धार्तराष्ट्रश्च निर्घृणः ॥ ४.५०.२१ ॥
What kṣatriya who has won the kingdom by gambling deserves praise in the great assembly? And this son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra is cruel in appearance and merciless.
4.50.22
तथाऽधिगम्य वित्तानि को विकत्थेद्विचक्षणः ।
निकृत्या वञ्चनायोगैश्चरन्वैतंसिको यथा ॥ ४.५०.२२ ॥
Having thus obtained wealth, what wise man would boast, like a fowler who moves by treachery and the arts of deceit?
4.50.23
कतमद्द्वैरथं युद्धं यत्राजैषीर्धनञ्जयम् ।
नकुलं सहदेवं वा धनं येषां त्वया हृतम् ॥ ४.५०.२३ ॥
In which chariot duel did you conquer Dhanañjaya? Or Nakula and Sahadeva, whose wealth you took?
4.50.24
युधिष्ठिरो जितः कस्मिन्भीमश्च बलिनांवरः ।
इन्द्रप्रस्थं त्वया कस्मिन्संग्रामे निर्जितं पुरा ॥ ४.५०.२४ ॥
In what (game or battle) was Yudhiṣṭhira defeated? And Bhīma, best of the strong, in what? In what battle did you conquer Indraprastha long ago?
4.50.25
तथैव कतमद्युद्धं यस्मिन्कृष्णा जिता त्वया ।
एकवस्त्रा सभां नीता क्षुद्रकर्मन्रजस्वला ॥ ४.५०.२५ ॥
Likewise, in which game of dice did you win Kṛṣṇā, and lead her to the assembly with a single garment, while she was menstruating, O base-acting one?
4.50.26
मूलमेषां महत्कृत्तं सारार्थी चन्दनं यथा ।
क्षुद्रं कर्म समास्थाय तत्र किं विदुरोऽब्रवीत् ॥ ४.५०.२६ ॥
As one seeking the heartwood cuts down the great root of a sandalwood tree, so you, having resorted to base deeds, have cut down the great root of these men. What did Vidura say then?
4.50.27
यथाशक्ति मनुष्याणाममर्षं लक्षयामहे ।
अन्येषामपि सत्वानामपि कीटपिपीलिकैः ॥ ४.५०.२७ ॥
According to their strength we perceive resentment in men, and also in other living beings, even in worms and ants.
4.50.28
द्रौपद्याः संपरिक्लेशं न क्षन्तुं पाण्डवोऽर्हति ।
क्षयाय धार्तराष्ट्राणां प्रादुर्भूतो धनञ्जयः ॥ ४.५०.२८ ॥
The son of Pāṇḍu does not deserve to bear Draupadī's great affliction; Dhanañjaya has appeared for the destruction of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
4.50.29
त्वं पुनः पण्डितो भूत्वा ह्याचार्यं क्षेप्तुमिच्छसि ।
वैरान्तकरणो जिष्णुर्न नः शेषं करिष्यति ॥ ४.५०.२९ ॥
You, having become wise again, wish to insult the teacher; but Jiṣṇu, the ender of enmity, will leave nothing of us remaining.
4.50.30
नैव देवा न गन्धर्वा नासुरा न च राक्षसाः ।
भयादिह न युद्ध्येरन्पाण्डुपुत्रेण धीमता ॥ ४.५०.३० ॥
Neither gods, nor gandharvas, nor asuras, nor rākṣasas, not even out of fear, would fight here with the wise son of Pāṇḍu.
4.50.31
यं यमेकोपि संक्रुद्धः संग्रामे निपतिष्यति ।
वृक्षं गरुडवद्वेगाद्विनिहत्यान्तमेष्यति ॥ ४.५०.३१ ॥
Whomever even one man, enraged, falls upon in battle, he will strike down with the speed of Garuḍa, like a tree, and reach his end.
4.50.32
त्वत्तो विशिष्टं वीर्येण धनुष्यमरराट्समम् ।
वासुदेवसमं युद्धे तं पार्थं को न पूजयेत् ॥ ४.५०.३२ ॥
Who would not honor that Pārtha, who surpasses you in valor, is like the lord of the gods in archery, and like Vāsudeva in battle?
4.50.33
देवं दैवेन युद्ध्येत मानुपेण च मानुपम् ।
अस्त्रं ह्यस्त्रेण यो हन्यात्कोऽर्जुनेन समः पुमान् ॥ ४.५०.३३ ॥
A god may fight a god, a man a man; but who is the man equal to Arjuna, who strikes weapon with weapon?
4.50.34
पुत्रादनवमः शिष्य इति धर्मविदो विदुः ।
एतेनापि निमित्तेन प्रियो द्रोणस्य पाण्डवः ॥ ४.५०.३४ ॥
Knowers of dharma say a disciple is not inferior to a son; and for this reason too, the Pāṇḍava is dear to Droṇa.
4.50.35
यथा त्वमकरोर्द्यूतमिन्द्रप्रस्थं यथाऽहरः ।
यथाऽनैषीः सभां कृष्णां तथा युध्यस्व पाण्डवं ॥ ४.५०.३५ ॥
Just as you made the dice game, and seized Indraprastha, and dragged Kṛṣṇā to the assembly, so now fight the Pāṇḍava.
4.50.36
अयं ते मातुलः प्राज्ञः क्षत्रधर्मस्य कोविदः ।
दुर्द्यूतदेवी गान्धारः शकुनिर्युद्ध्यतामिह ॥ ४.५०.३६ ॥
Let this your maternal uncle, Śakuni the Gāndhāra, wise and expert in the duty of the warrior, skilled in the foul dice game, fight here.
4.50.37
नाक्षान्क्षिपति गाण्डीवं न कृतं द्वापरं न च ।
ज्वलतो निशितान्बाणांस्तांस्तान्क्षिपति गाण्डिवं ॥ ४.५०.३७ ॥
Gāṇḍīva does not throw dice, neither the kṛta nor the dvāpara throw. It shoots only blazing sharp arrows, those very arrows.
4.50.38
न हि गाण्डीवनिर्मुक्ता गृध्रपक्षाः सुतेजनाः ।
नान्तरेष्ववतिष्ठन्ते गिरीणामपि दारणाः ॥ ४.५०.३८ ॥
Arrows released from Gāṇḍīva, feathered with vulture feathers and well sharpened, do not stay even in the gaps of mountains; they pierce even mountains.
4.50.39
अन्तकः पवनो मृत्युस्तथाऽग्निर्बडवामुखः ।
कुर्युरेते क्वचिच्छेषं न तु क्रुद्धो धनञ्जयः ॥ ४.५०.३९ ॥
Yama, the wind, Death, and likewise the fire of the mare's mouth may leave something somewhere; but the angered Dhanañjaya leaves nothing at all.
4.50.40
यथा सभायां द्यूतं त्वं मातुलेन महाकरोः ।
तथा युद्धस्व संग्रामे सौबलेन सुरक्षितः ॥ ४.५०.४० ॥
As you gambled in the assembly with your maternal uncle, O great-doer, so now fight in battle, protected by the son of Subala.
4.50.41
युद्ध्यतां काममाचार्यो नाहं योत्स्ये धनञ्जयम् ।
मत्स्यो ह्यस्माभिरायोध्यो यद्यागच्छेद्गवांपदम् ॥ ४.५०.४१ ॥
Let the teacher fight as he wishes; I will not fight Dhanañjaya. If the king of Matsya comes as far as the cattle-pasture, then we must fight him.