Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 5.155
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5.155.1
व्युष्टायां वै रजन्यां हि राजा दुर्योधनस्ततः ।
व्यभजत्तान्यनिकानि दश चैकं च भारत ॥ ५.१५५.१ ॥
When the night had passed into dawn, King Duryodhana divided those armies into ten and one divisions, O Bhārata.
5.155.2
नरहस्तिरथाश्वानां सारं मध्यं च फल्गु च ।
सर्वेष्वेतेष्वनीकेषु सन्दिदेश नराधिपः ॥ ५.१५५.२ ॥
The lord of men assigned, in all these divisions, the best, the middling and the lesser of men, elephants, chariots and horses.
5.155.3
सानुकर्षाः सतूणीराः सवरूथाः सतोमराः ।
सोपासङ्गाः सशक्तीकाः सनिषङ्गाः सहर्ष्टयः । ॥ ५.१५५.३ ॥
With draught-ropes, quivers, armour-covers, lances, quiver-straps, spears, sheaths and ṛṣṭi-weapons.
5.155.4
सध्वजाः सपताकाश्च सशरासनतोमराः ।
रज्जुभिश्च विचित्राभिः सपाशाः सपरिच्छदाः ॥ ५.१५५.४ ॥
With banners, pennants, bows and lances, with variegated cords, nooses and equipment.
5.155.5
सकचग्रहविक्षेपाः सतैलगुडवालुकाः ।
साशीविषघटाः सर्वे ससर्जरसपांसवः ॥ ५.१५५.५ ॥
All of them, with hair-seizing and hurling devices, oil, molasses and sand, pots of venomous snakes, resin and powders.
5.155.6
सघण्टफलकाः सर्वे सायोगुडजलोपलाः ।
सशालभिन्दिपालाश्च समधूच्छिष्टमुद्गराः ॥ ५.१५५.६ ॥
All of them with bells and shields, with iron, molasses-water and stones, with śāla-spears, bhindipāla-javelins and honey-wax clubs.
5.155.7
सकाण्डदण्डकाः सर्वे ससीरविषतोमराः ।
सशूर्पपिटकाः सर्वे सदात्राङ्कुशतोमराः ॥ ५.१५५.७ ॥
All had arrow-shafts and staves; all had ploughshares, poison and javelins; all had winnowing-fans and baskets; all had sickles, goads and javelins.
5.155.8
सकीलकवचाः सर्वे वाशीवृक्षादनान्विताः ।
व्याघ्रचर्मपरीवारा द्वीपिचर्मावृताश्च ते ॥ ५.१५५.८ ॥
All wore armour studded with nails; all had axes and tree-felling blades; they were surrounded by tiger-skins and covered with leopard-skins.
5.155.9
सहर्ष्टयः सश्रृङ्गाश्च सप्रासविविधायुधाः ।
सकुठाराः सकुद्दालाः सतैलक्षौमसर्पिषः ॥ ५.१५५.९ ॥
There were iron-tipped staves, horns, spears and many other weapons; there were also axes, spades, oil, silk cloth and ghee.
5.155.10
रुक्मजालप्रतिच्छन्ना नानामणिविभूषिताः ।
चित्रानीकाः सुवपुषो ज्वलिता इव पावकाः ॥ ५.१५५.१० ॥
Covered with golden netting, adorned with many kinds of jewels, with varied battle-formations and fine bodies, they blazed like fires.
5.155.11
तथा कवचिनः शूराः शस्त्रेषु कृतनिश्चयाः ।
कुलीना हययोनिज्ञाः सारथ्ये विनिवेशिताः ॥ ५.१५५.११ ॥
Likewise, armoured heroes resolved in their weapons, of good family, knowing the lineage of horses, were appointed as charioteers.
5.155.12
बद्धारिष्टा बद्धकक्षा बद्धध्वजपताकिनः ।
बद्धाभरणनिर्यूहा बद्धचर्मासिपट्टिशाः ॥ ५.१५५.१२ ॥
Protective charms bound on, girdles tied fast, banners and pennants bound, ornaments arranged in order, shields, swords and sabres bound fast.
5.155.13
चतुर्युजो रथाः सर्वे सर्वे चोत्तमवाजिनः ।
सप्रासऋष्टिकाः सर्वे सर्वे शतशरासनाः ॥ ५.१५५.१३ ॥
All the chariots were yoked with four horses, all had excellent steeds; all were armed with spears and lances, and all had hundreds of bows.
5.155.14
धुर्ययोर्हकययोरेकस्तथान्यौ पर्ष्णिसारथी ।
तौ चापि रथिनां श्रेष्ठौ रथी च हयवित्तथा ॥ ५.१५५.१४ ॥
Of the two yoke-horses, one, and the other two as rear charioteers; those two were also the best of chariot-warriors, and the warrior and the expert in horses were likewise.
5.155.15
नगराणीव गुप्तानि दुराधर्षाणि शत्रुभिः ।
आसन्रथसहस्राणि हेममालीनि सर्वशः ॥ ५.१५५.१५ ॥
Guarded like cities, unassailable by enemies, there were thousands of chariots everywhere, adorned with garlands of gold.
5.155.16
यथा रथास्तथा नागा बद्धकक्षाः स्वलङ्कृताः ।
बभूवुः सप्तपुरुषा रत्नवन्त इवाद्रयः ॥ ५.१५५.१६ ॥
As there were chariots, so there were elephants, girths bound and well adorned, each bearing seven men, like jewel-laden mountains.
5.155.17
द्वावङ्कुशधरौ तत्र द्वावुत्तमधनुर्धरौ ।
द्वौ वरासिधरौ राजन्नेकः शक्तिपिनाकधृत् ॥ ५.१५५.१७ ॥
There were two bearing goads, two bearing excellent bows, two bearing fine swords, O king; and one bearing the spear and the Pināka bow.
5.155.18
गजैर्मत्तैः समाकीर्णं सर्वमायुधकोशकैः ।
तद्बभूव बलं राजन्कौरव्यस्य महात्मनः ॥ ५.१५५.१८ ॥
That army, crowded with maddened elephants and with all its armouries, O king, belonged to the great-souled Kaurava.
5.155.19
आमुक्तकवचैर्युक्तैः सपताकैः स्वलङ्कृतैः ।
सादिभिश्चोपपन्नास्तु तथा चायुतशो हयाः ॥ ५.१५५.१९ ॥
And tens of thousands of horses, wearing armour, yoked, bannered and finely adorned, were furnished with riders.
5.155.20
असङ्ग्राहाः सुसंपन्ना हेमभाण्डपरिच्छदाः ।
अनेकशतसाहस्राः सर्वे सादिवशे स्थिताः ॥ ५.१५५.२० ॥
Countless, well equipped, with gold trappings, many hundreds of thousands, all stood under the control of the riders.
5.155.21
नानारूपविकाराश्च नानाकवचशस्त्रिणः ।
पदातिनो नरास्तत्र बभूवुर्हेममालिनः ॥ ५.१५५.२१ ॥
There were foot soldiers, men of varied forms and bearing, armed with many kinds of armour and weapons, wearing golden garlands.
5.155.22
रथस्यासन्दश गजा गजस्य दश वाजिनः ।
नरा दश हयस्यासन्पादरक्षाः समन्ततः ॥ ५.१५५.२२ ॥
Ten elephants to a chariot, ten horses to an elephant, and ten foot guards to a horse, on every side.
5.155.23
रथस्य नागाः पञ्चाशन्नागस्यासञ्शतं हयाः ।
हयस्य पुरुषाः सप्त भिन्नसन्धानकारिणः ॥ ५.१५५.२३ ॥
Fifty elephants to a chariot, a hundred horses to an elephant, and seven men to a horse, who broke and rejoined the array.
5.155.24
सेना पञ्चशतं नागा रथास्तावन्त एव च ।
दशसेना च पृतना पृतना दश वाहिनी ॥ ५.१५५.२४ ॥
A senā has five hundred elephants and as many chariots; ten senās make a pṛtanā, and ten pṛtanās make a vāhinī.
5.155.25
सेना च वाहिनी चैव पृतना ध्वजिनी चमूः ।
अक्षौहिणीति पर्यायैर्निरुक्ता च वरूथिनी ॥ ५.१५५.२५ ॥
Senā, vāhinī, pṛtanā, dhvajinī and camū — these are named as synonyms of akṣauhiṇī, and varūthinī too.
5.155.26
एवं व्यूढान्यनीकानि कौरवेयेण धीमता ।
अक्षौहिण्यो दशैका च सङ्ख्याताः सप्त चैव ह ॥ ५.१५५.२६ ॥
Thus the arrays of the army were drawn up by the wise Kaurava; eleven and seven akṣauhiṇīs were reckoned.
5.155.27
अक्षौहिण्यस्तु सप्तैव पाण्डवानामभूद्बलम् ।
अक्षौहिण्यो दशैका च कौरवाणामभूद्बलम् ॥ ५.१५५.२७ ॥
The strength of the Pāṇḍavas was seven akṣauhiṇīs, and the strength of the Kauravas was eleven akṣauhiṇīs.
5.155.28
नराणां पञ्चपञ्चाशदेषा पत्तिर्विधीयते ।
सेनामुखं च तिस्रस्ता गुल्म इत्यभिशब्दितम् ॥ ५.१५५.२८ ॥
This foot-unit (patti) of men is arranged as fifty-five; three of them form a senāmukha, and that is called a gulma.
5.155.29
त्रयो गुल्मा गणस्त्वासीद्गणास्त्वयुतशोऽभवन् ।
दुर्योधनस्य सेनासु योत्स्यमानाः प्रहारिणः ॥ ५.१५५.२९ ॥
Three gulmas made a gaṇa, and gaṇas grew to tens of thousands; the striking warriors who would fight in Duryodhana's armies were organized in this way.
5.155.30
तत्र दुर्योधनो राजा शूरान्बुद्धिमतो नरान् ।
प्रसमीक्ष्य महाबाहुश्चक्रे सेनापतींस्तदा । ॥ ५.१५५.३० ॥
There King Duryodhana, the mighty-armed, having carefully examined the brave and intelligent men, then appointed the commanders of the army.
5.155.31
पृथगक्षौहिणीनां च प्रणेतॄन्नरसत्तमान् ।
विधिवत्पूर्वमानीय पार्थिवानभ्यषेचयत् ॥ ५.१५५.३१ ॥
Having first brought, according to rule, the leaders of the separate akṣauhiṇī divisions, the best of men, he anointed those kings.
5.155.32
कृपं द्रोणं च शल्यं च सैन्धवं च जयद्रथम् ।
सुदक्षिणं च काम्भोजं कृतवर्माणमेव च ॥ ५.१५५.३२ ॥
Kṛpa, Droṇa, Śalya, the king of Sindhu Jayadratha, Sudakṣiṇa the king of Kāmboja, and indeed Kṛtavarman.
5.155.33
द्रोणपुत्रं च कर्णं च भूरिश्रवसमेव च ।
शकुनिं सौबलं चैव बाह्लीकं च महाबलम् ॥ ५.१५५.३३ ॥
Droṇa's son, Karṇa, Bhūriśravas as well, Śakuni the son of Subala, and the mighty Bāhlīka.
5.155.34
दिवसे दिवसे तेषां प्रतिवेलं च भारत ।
चक्रे स विविधाः पूजाः प्रत्यक्षं च पुनः पुनः ॥ ५.१५५.३४ ॥
O Bhārata, day after day, at the appointed times, he repeatedly offered them various honors, openly and in public.
5.155.35
तथा विनियताः सर्वे ये च तेषां पदानुगाः ।
बभूवुः सैनिका राज्ञां प्रियं राज्ञश्चिकीर्षवः ॥ ५.१५५.३५ ॥
Likewise, all the soldiers who followed them were disciplined, desiring to do what was pleasing to the kings and to the king.