Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 5.34
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5.34.1
जाग्रतो दह्यमानस्य यत्कार्यमनुपश्यसि ।
तद्ब्रूहि त्वं हि नस्तात धर्मार्थकुशलः शुचिः ॥ ५.३४.१ ॥
Tell us, dear one, what duty you see for me, who lie awake and burn; for you are skilled in dharma and worldly profit, and pure.
5.34.2
तस्माद्यथावद्विदुर प्रशाधि ।
प्रज्ञापूर्वं सर्वमजातशत्रोः।
यन्मन्यसे पथ्यमदीनसत्व ।
श्रेयस्करं ब्रूहि तद्वै कुरूणाम् ॥ ५.३४.२ ॥
Therefore, Vidura, instruct me rightly; tell all things for Ajātaśatru with wisdom. O you of undaunted spirit, tell the Kurus whatever you think wholesome and conducive to their welfare.
5.34.3
पापाशङ्की पापमेवानुपश्यन् ।
पृच्छामि त्वां व्याकुलेनात्मनाहम् ।
कजे तन्मे ब्रूहि तत्पं यथाव-
न्मनीषितं सर्वमजातशत्रोः ॥ ५.३४.३ ॥
Fearing evil and seeing only evil, with an agitated heart I ask you: tell me duly all that is desired for Ajātaśatru…
5.34.4
शुभं वा यदि वा पापं द्वेष्यं वा यदि वा प्रियम् ।
नापृष्टः कस्यचिद्ब्रूयाद्यः स नेच्छेत्पराभवम् ॥ ५.३४.४ ॥
Whether it be good or evil, hateful or dear, he who speaks to no one unasked does not wish for defeat.
5.34.5
तस्माद्वक्ष्यामि ते राजन्हितं यत्स्यान्कुरून्प्रति ।
वचः श्रेयस्करं धर्म्यं ब्रुवतस्तन्निबोध मे ॥ ५.३४.५ ॥
Therefore, O king, I will tell you what would be beneficial toward the Kurus. Hear from me these words that are conducive to welfare and righteous.
5.34.6
मिथ्योपेतानि कर्माणि सिद्ध्येतादीनि भारत ।
अनुपायप्रयुक्तानि मा स्म ते…मनः कृथाः ॥ ५.३४.६ ॥
O Bhārata, such deeds tied to falsehood do not succeed, nor do undertakings set in motion by improper means. Do not set your mind on them…
5.34.7
तथैव योगविहितं यत्तु कर्म न सिध्यति ।
उपाययुक्तं मेधावी न तत्र ग्लपयेन्मनः ॥ ५.३४.७ ॥
In the same way, if an action performed by the proper means does not succeed, the wise man should not let his mind be troubled by it.
5.34.8
अनुबन्धानवेक्षेत सानुबन्धेषु कर्मसु ।
संप्रधार्य च कुर्वीत सहसा न समाचरेत् ॥ ५.३४.८ ॥
In actions that have consequences, one should consider their outcomes; having deliberated well, one should act, and not act rashly.
5.34.9
अनुबन्धं च संप्रेक्ष्य विपाकं चैव कर्मणाम् ।
उत्थानमात्मनश्चैव धीरः कुर्वीत वा न वा ॥ ५.३४.९ ॥
Having carefully examined the consequences and the outcome of actions, and also one's own capacity, the steady man should decide whether to act or not.
5.34.10
यः प्रमाणं न जानाति स्थाने वृद्धौ तथा क्षये ।
कोशे जनपदे दण्डे न स राज्येऽवतिष्ठते ॥ ५.३४.१० ॥
He who does not know the measure of stability, growth and decline, of the treasury, the realm and the army, does not remain steady in his kingdom.
5.34.11
यस्त्वेतानि प्रमाणानि यथोक्तान्यनुपश्यति ।
युक्तो धर्मार्थयोर्ज्ञाने स राज्यमधिगच्छति ॥ ५.३४.११ ॥
But he who clearly perceives these measures as they have been declared, and is endowed with knowledge of dharma and artha, attains the kingdom.
5.34.12
न राज्यं प्राप्तमित्येव वर्तितव्यमसांप्रतम् ।
श्रियं ह्यविनयो हन्ति जरा रूपमिवोत्तमम् ॥ ५.३४.१२ ॥
One should not behave improperly, thinking 'the kingdom has been attained'; for arrogance alone destroys prosperity, as old age destroys excellent beauty.
5.34.13
भक्ष्योत्तमप्रतिच्छन्नं मत्स्यो बडिशमायसम् ।
अन्नाभिलाषी ग्रसते नानुबन्धमवेक्षते ॥ ५.३४.१३ ॥
The fish, desiring food, swallows the iron hook hidden beneath the finest bait, and does not look at what follows.
5.34.14
यच्छक्यं ग्रसितुं ग्रस्यं ग्रस्तं परिणमेच्च यत् ।
हितं च परिणामे यत्तदाद्यं भूतिमिच्छता ॥ ५.३४.१४ ॥
Whatever can be swallowed, whatever digests, and whatever is beneficial in its outcome — that is what one who seeks prosperity should take first.
5.34.15
वनस्पतेरपक्वानि फलानि प्रचिनोति यः ।
स नाप्नोति रसं तेभ्यो बीजं चास्य विनश्यति ॥ ५.३४.१५ ॥
Whoever gathers the unripe fruits of a tree does not obtain their juice, and his seed is destroyed.
5.34.16
यस्तु पक्वमुपादत्ते काले परिणतं फलम् ।
फलाद्रसं स लभते बीजाच्चैव फलं पुनः ॥ ५.३४.१६ ॥
But whoever takes the ripe fruit, matured in its season, obtains juice from the fruit, and from the seed, fruit again.
5.34.17
यथा मधु समादत्ते रक्षन्पुष्पाणि षट्पदः ।
तद्वदर्थान्मनुष्येभ्य आदद्यादविहिंसया ॥ ५.३४.१७ ॥
As a bee gathers honey while protecting the flowers, so should wealth be taken from men without harming them.
5.34.18
पुष्पं पुष्पं विचिन्वीत मूलच्छेदं न कारयेत् ।
मालाकार इवारामे न यथाङ्गारकारकः ॥ ५.३४.१८ ॥
One should gather flower by flower, and not cut at the root — like the gardener in the garden, not like the charcoal-maker.
5.34.19
किं नु मे स्यादिदं कृत्वा किं नु मे स्यादकुर्वतः ।
इति कर्माणि सञ्चिन्त्य कुर्याद्वा पुरुषो न वा ॥ ५.३४.१९ ॥
What would come to me by doing this, and what would come to me by not doing it? Having thus weighed actions, a man should act or not act.
5.34.20
अनारभ्या भवन्त्यर्थाः केचिन्नित्यं यथाऽगताः ।
कृतः पुरुषकारोऽहि भवेद्येषु निरर्थकः ॥ ५.३४.२० ॥
Some affairs are never to be undertaken; they come about as if of their own accord. In them even human effort becomes fruitless.
5.34.21
अनर्थे चैव निरतमर्थे चैव पराङ्भुखम् ।
न तं भर्तारमिच्छन्ति षण्ढं पतिमिव स्त्रियः ॥ ५.३४.२१ ॥
A man intent on what is unprofitable and turned away from what is profitable — such a man women do not desire as a husband, just as they do not desire a eunuch as a husband.
5.34.22
प्रसादो निष्फलो यस्य क्रोधश्चापि निरर्थकः ।
न तं भर्तारमिच्छन्ति षण्ढं पतिमिव स्त्रियः ॥ ५.३४.२२ ॥
Whose favor comes to nothing and whose anger is also pointless — such a man women do not desire as a husband, just as they do not desire a eunuch as a husband.
5.34.23
कांश्चिदर्थान्नरः प्राज्ञो लघुमूलान्महाफलान् ।
क्षिप्रमारभते कर्तुं न दीर्घयति तादृशान् ॥ ५.३४.२३ ॥
A wise man quickly undertakes certain affairs that have a small root but a great fruit, and does not prolong such affairs.
5.34.24
ऋजु पश्यति यः सर्वं चक्षुषा नु पिबन्निव ।
आसीनमपि तूष्णीकमनुरज्यन्ति तं प्रजाः ॥ ५.३४.२४ ॥
He who sees everything straight, as if drinking it in with his eyes — even when he sits silent, his subjects are devoted to him.
5.34.25
सुपुष्पितः स्यादफलः फलितः स्याद्दुरारुहः ।
अपक्वः पक्वसङ्काशो न तु शीर्येत कर्हिचित् ॥ ५.३४.२५ ॥
It may be in full blossom yet bear no fruit; it may bear fruit yet be hard to climb; it may be unripe yet look ripe, but it should never wither away.
5.34.26
चक्षुषा मनसा वाचा कर्मणा च चतुर्विधम् ।
प्रसादयति यो लोकं तं लोकोऽनुप्रसीदति ॥ ५.३४.२६ ॥
He who gladdens the people in four ways—by his eyes, mind, speech and action—is in turn gladdened by the people.
5.34.27
यस्मात्रस्यन्ति भूतानि मृगव्याधान्मृगा इव ।
सागरान्तामपि महीं लब्ध्वा स परिहीयते ॥ ५.३४.२७ ॥
He from whom creatures shrink as deer shrink from the hunter is ruined, even though he has gained the earth bounded by the ocean.
5.34.28
पितृपैतामहं राज्यं प्राप्यापि स्वेन कर्मणा ।
वायुरभ्रमिवासाद्य भ्रंशयत्यनये स्थितः ॥ ५.३४.२८ ॥
Even though he has obtained a kingdom inherited from father and grandfather, one who stands in wrongdoing through his own deeds causes it to fall, just as the wind, reaching a cloud, scatters it.
5.34.29
धर्ममाचरतो राज्ञः सद्भिश्चरितमादितः ।
वसुधा वसुसंपूर्णा वर्धते भूतिवर्धनी ॥ ५.३४.२९ ॥
For a king who practises dharma, whose conduct has from the beginning been followed by the good, the earth, full of wealth, grows and increases prosperity.
5.34.30
अथ संत्यजतो धर्ममधर्मं चानुतिष्ठतः ।
प्रतिसंवेष्टते भूमिरग्नौ चर्माहितं यथा। ॥ ५.३४.३० ॥
But for one who abandons dharma and practises adharma, the earth contracts around him, as a hide placed in fire shrivels up.
5.34.31
य एव यत्नः क्रियते परराष्ट्रविमर्दने ।
स एव यत्नः कर्तव्यः स्वराष्ट्रपरिपालने । ॥ ५.३४.३१ ॥
The same effort that is made in crushing another kingdom must be made in protecting one's own kingdom.
5.34.32
धर्मेण राज्यं विन्देत धर्मेण परिपालयेत् ।
धर्ममूलां श्रियं प्राप्य न जहाति न हीयते ॥ ५.३४.३२ ॥
One should obtain a kingdom through dharma and protect it through dharma. Having attained prosperity rooted in dharma, one does not abandon it, nor does one decline.
5.34.33
अप्युन्मत्तात्प्रलपतो बालाच्च परिजल्पतः ।
सर्वतः सारमादद्यादश्मभ्य इव काञ्चनम् ॥ ५.३४.३३ ॥
Even from the babbling of the mad and the chatter of children one should take the essence from every side, as gold is taken from stones.
5.34.34
सुव्याहृतानि महतां सुकृतानि ततस्ततः ।
सञ्चिन्वन्धीर आसीत शिलाहारी शिलं यथा ॥ ५.३४.३४ ॥
Gathering the well-spoken words and good deeds of the great here and there, the steadfast man should be like a gleaner who picks up grains.
5.34.35
गन्धेन गावः पश्यन्ति वेदैः पश्यन्ति ब्राह्मणाः ।
चारैः पश्यन्ति राजानश्चक्षुर्भ्यामितरे जनाः ॥ ५.३४.३५ ॥
Cows see by smell, brahmins see by the Vedas, kings see by their spies, and other people see by their eyes.
5.34.36
भूयांसं लभते क्लेशं या गौर्भवति दुर्दुहा ।
अथ या सुदुघा राजन्नैव तां वितुदन्त्यपि ॥ ५.३४.३६ ॥
The cow that is hard to milk suffers much pain; but, O king, the cow that is easy to milk is not tormented at all.
5.34.37
यदतप्तं प्रणमति न तत्सन्तापमर्हति ।
यच्च स्वयं नतं दारु न तत्संनामयेद्बुधः ॥ ५.३४.३७ ॥
That which bends without being heated does not deserve to be scorched; and wood that is already bent of itself, the wise man should not bend further.
5.34.38
एतयोपमया धीरः सन्नमेत बलीयसे ।
इन्द्राय स प्रणमते नमते यो बलीयसे ॥ ५.३४.३८ ॥
By this simile the steadfast man should bow before the strong; he who bows before the strong bows, in truth, to Indra.
5.34.39
पर्जन्यनाथाः पशवो राजानो मन्त्रिबान्धवाः ।
पतयो बान्धवाः स्त्रीणां ब्राह्मणा वेदबान्धवाः ॥ ५.३४.३९ ॥
Animals have the rain-god as their lord, kings have their counsellors as kin, women have their husbands as kin, and brahmins have the Vedas as kin.
5.34.40
सत्येन रक्ष्यते धर्मो विद्या योगेन रक्ष्यते ।
मृजया रक्ष्यते रूपं कुलं वृत्तेन रक्ष्यते ॥ ५.३४.४० ॥
Dharma is protected by truth, learning is protected by discipline, beauty is protected by cleanliness, and lineage is protected by conduct.
5.34.41
मानेन रक्ष्यते धान्यमश्वान्रक्षेदनुक्रमात् ।
अभीक्ष्णदर्शनाद्गावः स्त्रियो रक्ष्याः कुचेलतः ॥ ५.३४.४१ ॥
Grain is protected by honour; horses should be cared for in due order; cows are protected by frequent watching, and women by keeping them from slovenly dress.
5.34.42
न कुलं वृत्तहीनस्य प्रमाणमिति मे मतिः ।
अन्तेष्वपि हि जातानां वृत्तमेव विशिष्यते ॥ ५.३४.४२ ॥
It is my view that lineage is no proof for one lacking conduct; even among those born in low families, conduct alone makes the distinction.
5.34.43
य ईर्षुः परवित्तेषु रूपे वीर्ये कुलान्वये ।
सुखसौभाग्यसत्कारे तस्य व्याधिरनन्तकः ॥ ५.३४.४३ ॥
He who is envious of others' wealth, beauty, valour, noble lineage, happiness, good fortune and honour — his affliction is endless.
5.34.44
अकार्यकरणाद्भीतः कार्याणां च विवर्जनात् ।
अकाले मन्त्रभेदाच्च येन माद्येन्न तत्पिबेत् ॥ ५.३४.४४ ॥
He who fears doing what should not be done, neglecting duties, acting at the wrong time, or betraying counsel should not drink whatever would intoxicate him.
5.34.45
विद्यामदो धनमदस्तृतीयोऽभिजनो मदः ।
मदा एतेऽवलिप्तानामेत एव सतां दमाः ॥ ५.३४.४५ ॥
Pride in learning, pride in wealth, and, third, pride in noble birth — these are the intoxications of the proud; and these very things are restraints for the good.
5.34.46
असन्तोऽभ्यर्थिताः सद्भिः क्वचित्कार्ये कदाचन ।
मन्यन्ते सन्तमात्मानमसन्तमपि विश्रुतम् ॥ ५.३४.४६ ॥
The unworthy, when sometimes and at some time sought out by the good for some task, think themselves to be good, though they are unworthy, even though they are renowned.
5.34.47
गतिरात्मवतां सन्तः सन्त एव सतां गतिः ।
असतां च गतिः सन्तो न त्वसन्तः सतां गतिः ॥ ५.३४.४७ ॥
The refuge of the self-controlled is the good; the good alone are the refuge of the good. The good are also the refuge of the wicked, but the wicked are not the refuge of the good.
5.34.48
जिता सभा वस्त्रवता मिष्टाशा गोमता जिता ।
अध्वा जितो यानवता सर्वं शीलवता जितम् ॥ ५.३४.४८ ॥
The man with clothes wins the assembly; the one who longs for sweets, the man with cattle wins; the man with a vehicle wins the road; the man of good character wins everything.
5.34.49
शीलं प्रधानं पुरुषे तद्यस्येह प्रणश्यति ।
न तस्य जीवितेनार्थो न धनेन न बन्धुभिः ॥ ५.३४.४९ ॥
Good conduct is foremost in a man; for one who loses it in this world, life, wealth, or kinsmen serve no purpose.
5.34.50
आढ्यानां मांसपरमं मध्यानां गोरसोत्तरम् ।
तैलोत्तरं दरिद्राणां भोजनं भरतर्षभ ॥ ५.३४.५० ॥
The rich have meat as their chief food, the middling have milk products next, and the poor have oil next, O best of the Bharatas.
5.34.51
संपन्नतरमेवान्नं दरिद्रा भुञ्जते सदा ।
श्रुत्स्वादुतां जनयति सा चाढ्येषु सुदुर्लभा ॥ ५.३४.५१ ॥
The poor always eat the most wholesome food, and that savour is very rare among the rich.
5.34.52
प्रायेण श्रीमतां लोके भोक्तुं शक्तिर्न विद्यते ।
जीर्यन्त्यपि हि काष्ठानि दरिद्राणां महीपते ॥ ५.३४.५२ ॥
In the world, the wealthy generally lack the capacity to eat; O lord of the earth, even logs are digested by the poor.
5.34.53
अवृत्तिर्भयमन्त्यानां मध्यानां मरणाद्भयम् ।
उत्तमानां तु मर्त्यानामवमानात्परं भयम् ॥ ५.३४.५३ ॥
The lowest fear lack of livelihood, the middling fear death, but for the highest of mortals fear is greater than from disgrace.
5.34.54
ऐश्वर्यमदपापिष्ठा मदाः पानमदादयः ।
ऐश्वर्यमदमत्तो हि नो पतित्वाऽवबुध्यते ॥ ५.३४.५४ ॥
The intoxication of power is the most sinful, and the intoxications of drink and the like are the same; one maddened by power's intoxication comes to his senses only after he has fallen.
5.34.55
इन्द्रियौरिन्द्रियार्थेषु वर्तमानैरनिग्रहैः ।
तैरयं ताप्यते लोको नक्षत्राणि ग्रहैरिव ॥ ५.३४.५५ ॥
By senses that, active in the objects of the senses, are unrestrained, this world is tormented, as the stars are tormented by the planets.
5.34.56
यो जितः पञ्चवर्गेण सहजेनात्मकर्षिणा ।
आपदस्तस्य वर्धन्ते शुक्लपक्ष इवोडुराट् ॥ ५.३४.५६ ॥
For him who is conquered by the innate group of five that draws him toward itself, calamities increase, as the moon grows in the bright fortnight.
5.34.57
अविजित्य य आत्मानममात्यान्विजिगीषते ।
अमित्रान्वा जितामात्यः सोऽवशः परिहीयते ॥ ५.३४.५७ ॥
He who, not having conquered himself, seeks to conquer his ministers or his enemies, or whose ministers are conquered, is helpless and ruined.
5.34.58
आत्मानमेव प्रथमं द्वेष्यरूपेण योजयेत् ।
ततोऽमात्यानमित्रांश्च न मोघं विजिगीषते ॥ ५.३४.५८ ॥
One should first set oneself in the role of an enemy; then the desire to conquer one's ministers and enemies is not in vain.
5.34.59
वश्येन्द्रियं जितामात्यं धृतदण्डं विकारिषु ।
परीक्ष्यकारिणं धीरमत्यन्तं श्रीर्निषेवते ॥ ५.३४.५९ ॥
Fortune entirely attends on him whose senses are controlled, whose ministers are conquered, who wields the rod against wrongdoers, who acts after examination, and who is steadfast.
5.34.60
रथः शरीरं पुरुषस्य राज-
न्नात्मा नियन्तेन्द्रियाण्यस्य चाश्वाः।
तैरप्रमत्तः कुशली सदश्वै-
र्दान्तैः सुखं याति रथीव धीरः ॥ ५.३४.६० ॥
O king, the body is a man's chariot, the self its charioteer, and the senses its horses. With those, a vigilant and skilful steady man, with well-trained good horses, travels happily like a charioteer.
5.34.61
एतान्यनिगृहीतानि व्यापादयितुमप्यलम् ।
अविधेया इवादान्ताः सरथं सारथिं हयम् ॥ ५.३४.६१ ॥
These unrestrained senses are fully able to destroy, like untamed horses destroying the chariot, the charioteer and the horse together.
5.34.62
अनर्थमर्थतः पश्यन्नर्थं चैवाप्यनर्थतः ।
इन्द्रियैरजितैर्बालः सुदुःखं मन्यते सुखम् ॥ ५.३४.६२ ॥
The fool, with unconquered senses, sees harm as benefit and benefit as harm, and takes great suffering to be pleasure.
5.34.63
धर्मार्थौ यः परित्यज्य स्यादिन्द्रियवशानुगः ।
श्रीप्राणधनदारेभ्यः क्षिप्रं स परिहीयते ॥ ५.३४.६३ ॥
He who abandons dharma and wealth and follows the power of the senses is quickly deprived of fortune, life, wealth and wife.
5.34.64
अर्थानामीश्वरो यः स्यादिन्द्रियाणामनीश्वरः ।
इन्द्रियाणामनैश्वर्यादैश्वार्याद्भूश्यते हि सः ॥ ५.३४.६४ ॥
He who is master of wealth but not master of his senses falls from his sovereignty, for lack of mastery over the senses.
5.34.65
आत्मनात्मानमन्विच्छेन्मनोबुद्धीन्द्रियैर्यतैः ।
आत्मा ह्येवात्मनो बन्धुरात्मैव रिपुरात्मनः ॥ ५.३४.६५ ॥
With mind, intellect and senses restrained, one should seek the self through the self, for the self alone is a friend to oneself, and the self alone is an enemy to oneself.
5.34.66
बन्धुरात्मात्मनस्तस्य येनैवात्मात्मना जितः ।
स एव नियतो बन्धुः स एव नियतो रिपुः ॥ ५.३४.६६ ॥
The self is the friend of him who has conquered his self by his self; the restrained self is the friend, and the unrestrained self is the enemy.
5.34.67
क्षुद्राक्षेणेव जालेन झपावपिहितावुरू ।
कामश्च राजन्क्रोधश्च तौ प्रज्ञानं विलुम्पतः ॥ ५.३४.६७ ॥
O king, as two fish caught in a small net, desire and anger plunder discernment.
5.34.68
समवेक्ष्येह धर्मार्थौ संभारान्योऽधिगच्छति ।
स वै संभृतसंभारः सततं सुखमेधते ॥ ५.३४.६८ ॥
He who, having weighed dharma and wealth well here, gathers the means, becomes rich in means and constantly flourishes in happiness.
5.34.69
यः पञ्चाभ्यन्तराञ्शत्रूनविजित्य मनोमयान् ।
जिगीषति रिपूनन्यान्रिपवोऽभिभवन्ति तम् ॥ ५.३४.६९ ॥
He who, without conquering the five inner enemies born of the mind, desires to conquer other enemies, is overpowered by those very enemies.
5.34.70
दृश्यन्ते हि महात्मानो बध्यमानाः स्वकर्मभिः ।
इन्द्रियाणामनीशत्वाद्राजानो राज्यविभ्रमैः ॥ ५.३४.७० ॥
Great-souled kings are seen bound by their own deeds, for lacking mastery over the senses, they are caught in the delusions of kingship.
5.34.71
असंत्यागात्पापकृतामपापां-
स्तुल्यो दण्डः स्पृशते मिश्रभावात्।
शुष्केणार्द्रं दह्यते मिश्रभावा-
त्तस्मात्पापैः सह सन्धिं न कुर्यात् ॥ ५.३४.७१ ॥
Because the wicked are not abandoned, equal punishment touches even the sinless, for through mixing the wet burns along with the dry. Therefore one should not make an alliance with the wicked.
5.34.72
निजानुत्पततः शत्रून्पश्च पञ्चप्रयोजनान् ।
यो मोहान्न निगृह्णाति तमापद्ग्रसते नरम् ॥ ५.३४.७२ ॥
The man who, seeing the enemies rising within him and the twenty-five aims, does not restrain them out of delusion, is seized by calamity.
5.34.73
अनसूयार्जवं शौचं सन्तोषः प्रियवादिता ।
दमः सत्यमनायासो न भवन्ति दुरात्मनाम् ॥ ५.३४.७३ ॥
Freedom from envy, uprightness, purity, contentment, pleasant speech, self-restraint, truthfulness and ease are not found in men of evil nature.
5.34.74
आत्मज्ञानमानायासस्तितिक्षा धर्मनित्यता ।
वाक्चैव गुप्ता दानं च नैतान्यन्त्येषु भारत ॥ ५.३४.७४ ॥
Self-knowledge, ease, endurance, constancy in dharma, guarded speech and giving — these are not found among base men, O Bhārata.
5.34.75
आक्रोशपरिवादाभ्यां विहिंसन्त्यबुधा बुधान् ।
वक्ता पापमुपादत्ते क्षममाणो विमुच्यते ॥ ५.३४.७५ ॥
Fools harm the wise with abuse and reproach; the speaker takes on sin, but he who forgives is freed.
5.34.76
हिंसा बलमसाधूनां राज्ञां दण्डविधिर्बलम् ।
शुश्रूपा तु वलं स्त्रीणां क्षमा गुणवतां बलम् ॥ ५.३४.७६ ॥
Violence is the strength of the wicked; the ordering of punishment is the strength of kings; service is the strength of women; forgiveness is the strength of the virtuous.
5.34.77
वाक्संयमो हि नृपते सुदुष्करतमो मतः ।
अर्थवच्च विचित्रं च न शक्यं बहु भाषितुम् ॥ ५.३४.७७ ॥
Restraint of speech, O king, is considered most difficult; it is not possible to speak much that is meaningful and varied.
5.34.78
अभ्यावहति कल्याणं विविधं वाक् सुभाषिता ।
सैव दुर्भाषिता राजन्ननर्थायोपपद्यते ॥ ५.३४.७८ ॥
Well-spoken words bring many kinds of welfare; but those same words, ill-spoken, O king, lead to ruin.
5.34.79
रोहते सायकैर्विद्धं वनं परशुना हतम् ।
वाचा दुरुक्तं बीभत्सं न संरोहति वाक्क्षतम् ॥ ५.३४.७९ ॥
A forest pierced by arrows, or struck down by an axe, grows green again; but a wound made by speech, from a harsh and shameful word, never heals.
5.34.80
कर्णिनालीकनाराचान्निर्हरन्ति शरीरतः ।
वाक्छशल्यस्तु न निर्हर्तुं शक्यो हृदिशयो हि सः ॥ ५.३४.८० ॥
Barbed arrows and iron shafts can be drawn out of the body; but the thorn of speech, lodged in the heart, cannot be drawn out.
5.34.81
वाक्सायका वदनान्निष्पतन्ति ।
यैराहतः शोचति रात्र्यहानि।
परस्य नामर्मसु ते पतन्ति ।
तान्पण्डितो नावसृजेत्परेभ्यः ॥ ५.३४.८१ ॥
Arrows of speech fly from the mouth; struck by them, a man grieves night and day. They fall upon another's vital spots; the wise man does not loose them upon others.
5.34.82
यस्मै देवाः प्रयच्छन्ति पुरुषाय पराभवम् ।
बुद्धिं तस्यापकर्षन्ति सोऽवाचीनानि पश्यति ॥ ५.३४.८२ ॥
The gods, when they give ruin to a man, draw away his understanding; then he sees only what is base.
5.34.83
बुद्धौ कलुषभूतायां विनाशे प्रत्युपस्थिते ।
अनयो नयसङ्काशो हृदयान्नापसर्पति ॥ ५.३४.८३ ॥
When the understanding has been clouded and ruin is at hand, injustice that looks like sound policy does not depart from the heart.
5.34.84
सेयं बुद्धिः परीता ते पुत्राणां भरतर्षभ ।
पाण्डवानां विरोधेन न चैनानवबुध्यसे ॥ ५.३४.८४ ॥
This understanding of yours, O bull of the Bharatas, is seized by your sons; through enmity toward the Pāṇḍavas you do not perceive them.
5.34.85
राजा लक्षणसंपन्नस्त्रैलोक्यस्यापि यो भवेत् ।
शिष्यस्ते शासिता सोऽस्तु धृतराष्ट्र युधिष्ठिरः ॥ ५.३४.८५ ॥
Let Yudhiṣṭhira, who bears the marks of a king fit to rule even the three worlds, be your student, O Dhṛtarāṣṭra; let him be the one who instructs you.
5.34.86
अतीव सर्वान्पुत्रांस्ते भागधेयपुरस्कृतः ।
तेजसा प्रज्ञया चैव युक्तो धर्मर्थतत्त्ववित् ॥ ५.३४.८६ ॥
Honored far above all your sons by fortune, endowed with splendor and wisdom, he knows the true meaning of dharma and of worldly profit.
5.34.87
अनुक्रोशादानृशंस्याद्योऽसौ धर्मभृतां वरः ।
गौरवात्तव राजेन्द्र बहून्क्लेशांस्तितिक्षति ॥ ५.३४.८७ ॥
Out of compassion and gentleness, he who is the best of the upholders of dharma, O lord of kings, bears many hardships out of respect for you.