Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 6.1
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6.1.1
श्रीवेदव्यासाय नमः ।
नारायणं नमस्कृत्य नरं चैव नरोत्तमम् ।
देवीं सरस्वती चैव ततो जयमुदीरयेत् ।
कथं युयुधिरे वीराः कुरुपाण्डवसोमकाः ।
पार्थिवाश्च महात्मानो नानादेशसमागताः । ॥ ६.१.१ ॥
Homage to the revered Vyāsa. Having bowed to Nārāyaṇa and to Nara, the best of men, and also to the goddess Sarasvatī, one should then proclaim the Jaya. How did the heroes of the Kurus, the Pāṇḍavas and the Somakas fight, and the great-souled kings assembled from many lands?
6.1.2
यथा युयुधिरे वीराः कुरुपाण्डवसोमकाः ।
कुरुक्षेत्रे तपः क्षेत्रे श्रृणु त्वं पृथिवीपते ॥ ६.१.२ ॥
Listen, lord of the earth, to how the heroes of the Kurus, the Pāṇḍavas and the Somakas fought on Kurukṣetra, the field of austerity.
6.1.3
तेऽवतीर्य कुरुक्षेत्रं पाण्डवाः सहसोमकाः ।
कौरवानभ्यवर्तन्त जिगीषन्तो महाबलाः ॥ ६.१.३ ॥
Having descended onto Kurukṣetra together with the Somakas, the Pāṇḍavas advanced against the mighty Kauravas, desiring victory.
6.1.4
वेदाध्ययनसंपन्नाः सर्वे युध्दाभिनन्दिनः ।
आश्ंसन्तो जयं युध्दे बलेनाभिमुखा रणे ॥ ६.१.४ ॥
All of them, accomplished in the study of the Vedas and delighting in battle, hoping for victory, stood facing one another in the fight with their armies.
6.1.5
अभियाय च दुर्धर्षा धार्तराष्ट्रस्य वाहिनीम ।
प्रामुखाः पश्चिमे भागे न्यविशन्त ससैनिकाः ॥ ६.१.५ ॥
Advancing against the army of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons, the unassailable Pāṇḍavas encamped on the western side, facing forward with their soldiers.
6.1.6
स्यमन्तपञ्चकाद्वाह्यं शिविराणि सहस्रशः ।
कारयामास विधिवत्कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः ॥ ६.१.६ ॥
Outside Syamantapañcaka, the son of Kuntī, Yudhiṣṭhira, had thousands of camps built according to rule.
6.1.7
शून्येव पृथिवी सर्वाअ बालवृध्दावशेषिता ।
निरश्वपुरुषेवासीद्रथक्कुञ्जरवर्जिता ॥ ६.१.७ ॥
The earth was as if utterly empty, with only children and old men left, bereft of horses, men, chariots and elephants.
6.1.8
यावत्तपति सूर्यो हि जम्बूद्वीपस्य मण्डलम् ।
तावदेव समावृत्तं बलं पार्थिवसत्तम ॥ ६.१.८ ॥
As far as the sun heats the circle of Jambudvīpa, so far, O best of kings, the army was gathered and spread.
6.1.9
एकस्याः सर्ववर्णास्ते मण्डलं बहुयोजनम् ।
पर्याक्रामन्त देशांश्च नदीः शैलान्वनानि च ॥ ६.१.९ ॥
All the castes of that one earth, across a circle many yojanas wide, spread out, traversing countries, rivers, mountains and forests.
6.1.10
तेषां युधिष्ठिरो राजा सर्वेषां पुरुषर्षभ ।
व्यादिदेश सवाहानां भक्ष्यभोज्यमनुत्तमम् ॥ ६.१.१० ॥
O bull among men, King Yudhiṣṭhira ordered that for all of them, along with their mounts, the finest food and drink be provided.
6.1.11
संज्ञाश्च विविघास्तात् तेषां चक्रे युधिष्ठिरः ।
एवंवादी वेदितव्यः पाण्डवेयोऽयमित्युत ॥ ६.१.११ ॥
Dear one, Yudhiṣṭhira devised various signs for them, so that it might be known: this is a Pāṇḍava, this is the one who speaks thus.
6.1.12
अभिज्ञानानि सर्वेषां संज्ञाश्चाभरणानि च ।
योजयामास कौरव्यो युध्दकाल उपस्थिते ॥ ६.१.१२ ॥
When the time of battle had arrived, the Kaurava Yudhiṣṭhira assigned recognition tokens, signs and ornaments to all of them.
6.1.13
दृष्ट्वा ध्वजाग्रं पार्थस्य धार्तराष्ट्रो महामनाः ।
सहसर्वैर्महीपालैः प्रत्यव्यूहत पाण्डवम् ॥ ६.१.१३ ॥
Seeing the top of Pārtha's banner, the great-minded son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, together with all the kings, arrayed his forces against the Pāṇḍavas.
6.1.14
पाण्डरेणातपत्रेण धियमाणेन मूर्धनि ।
मध्ये नागसहस्रस्य भ्रातृभिः परिवारितः ॥ ६.१.१४ ॥
With a white parasol held over his head, he stood in the midst of a thousand elephants, surrounded by his brothers.
6.1.15
दृष्ट्वा दुर्योधनं हृष्टाः पाञ्चाला युध्दनन्दिनः ।
दध्मुः प्रीता महाशङ्खान्भेरीर्जध्रुः सहस्रशः ॥ ६.१.१५ ॥
Seeing Duryodhana, the Pāñcālas, eager for battle, rejoiced; they blew great conch shells and beat thousands of drums.
6.1.16
ततः प्रहृष्टां स्वां सेनामभिवीक्ष्याथ पाण्डवाः ।
वभूवुर्हृष्टमनसो वासुदेवश्च वीर्यवान् ॥ ६.१.१६ ॥
Then, seeing their own army greatly delighted, the Pāṇḍavas became glad at heart, and so did the mighty Vāsudeva.
6.1.17
स्वयोधान्हर्षयन्तौ च वासुदेवघनञ्चयौ ।
दध्मतुः पुरुषव्याघ्रौ दिव्यौ शङ्खौ रथे स्थितौ ॥ ६.१.१७ ॥
Gladdening their own warriors, Vāsudeva and Dhanañjaya — those two tigers among men standing on the chariot — blew their divine conch shells.
6.1.18
पाञ्चजन्यस्य शङ्खस्य देवदत्तस्य चोभयोः ।
श्रुत्वा तु निनदं योघाः शकृन्मूत्रं प्रसुस्त्रुवुः ॥ ६.१.१८ ॥
Upon hearing the roar of the Pāñcajanya and the Devadatta conches, the warriors voided their dung and urine.
6.1.19
यथा सिंहस्य नदतः स्वनं श्रुत्वेतरे मृगाः ।
त्रसेयुर्निनदं श्रुत्वा तथाऽसीदत तद्लम् ॥ ६.१.१९ ॥
As other deer are terrified on hearing the roar of a roaring lion, so that army sank down on hearing that roar.
6.1.20
उदतिष्ठद्रजो भौमं न प्राज्ञायत किंचन ।
असं गत इवादित्यः सैन्येन रजसा वृतः ॥ ६.१.२० ॥
Dust rose from the earth, so that nothing could be discerned; the sun, covered by the dust of the army, seemed as if it had set.
6.1.21
ववर्प तत्र पर्जन्यो मांसशोणितवृष्टिमान् ।
व्युक्षन्सर्वाणि सैन्यानि तदद्भुतमिवाभवत् ॥ ६.१.२१ ॥
There a cloud rained down a shower of flesh and blood, drenching all the armies; and it seemed a wondrous thing.
6.1.22
वायुस्ततः प्रादुरभून्नीचैः शर्करकर्षणः ।
विनिध्नंस्तान्यनीकानि शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः ॥ ६.१.२२ ॥
Then a wind arose, blowing low and dragging gravel, striking down the divisions of the army by hundreds and by thousands.
6.1.23
उभे सैन्ये च राजेन्द्र युध्दाय मुदिते भृशम् ।
कुरुक्षेत्रे स्थिते यत्ते सागरक्षुभितोपमे ॥ ६.१.२३ ॥
O lord of kings, both armies, greatly eager for battle, stood at Kurukṣetra like an ocean stirred up.
6.1.24
तयोस्तु सेनयोरासीदद्भुतः स तु संगमः ।
युगान्ते समनुप्राप्ते द्वयोः सागरयोरिव ॥ ६.१.२४ ॥
That meeting of those two armies was wondrous, like two oceans meeting at the end of an age.
6.1.25
शून्याऽऽसीत्पृथिवी सर्वा वृध्दबालावशेषिता ।
निरश्वपुरुषेवासीद्रथकुञ्चरवर्जिता ।
तेन सेनासमूहेन समानीतेन कौरवैः ॥ ६.१.२५ ॥
The whole earth was emptied by that host gathered by the Kauravas, leaving only the old and the children; there were no horses or men left, and chariots and elephants were gone.
6.1.26
ततस्ते समयं चक्रुः कुरुपाण्डावसोमकाः ।
धर्मन्संस्थापयामासुर्युध्दानां भरतर्षभ ॥ ६.१.२६ ॥
Then the Kurus, the Pāṇḍavas and the Somakas made an agreement, and, O bull of the Bharatas, they established the law of battles.
6.1.27
निवृत्ते विहिते युध्दे स्यात्प्रीतिर्नः परस्परम् ।
यथापरं यथायोगं न च स्यात्कस्याचित्पुनः ॥ ६.१.२७ ॥
When the fighting has ceased and the arrangements are made, let there be mutual goodwill among us, one after another, according to fitting order; and let there be no fighting again with anyone.
6.1.28
वाचा युध्दे प्रव्रुत्तानां वाचैव प्रतियोधनम् ।
निष्क्रान्ताः पृतनामध्यान्नहन्तव्याः कदाचन ॥ ६.१.२८ ॥
Those engaged in battle should answer only with words; and those who have come out from the midst of the army must never be killed.
6.1.29
रथी च रथिना योध्यो गजेन गक्षधूर्गतः ।
अश्वेनाश्वी पदातिश्च पादातेनैव भारत ॥ ६.१.२९ ॥
A charioteer should fight a charioteer, and one who has come to the front of the elephants should fight an elephant-rider; a horseman a horseman, and a foot soldier only a foot soldier, O Bhārata.
6.1.30
यथायोगं यथाकामं यथोत्साहं यथाबलम् ।
समाभाप्य प्रहर्तव्यं न विश्वस्ते न विह्वले ॥ ६.१.३० ॥
According to fitness, according to desire, according to zeal, and according to strength, one should strike after challenging the foe; one should not strike one who is unsuspecting, nor one who is distracted.
6.1.31
परेण सह संयुक्तः प्रमत्तो विमुखस्तथा ।
क्षीणशस्त्रो विवर्मा च न हन्तव्यः कदाचन ॥ ६.१.३१ ॥
One who is engaged with an enemy, heedless, turned away, whose weapons are spent, or who is without armour, must never be struck.
6.1.32
न सूतेषु न धुर्येषु न च शस्त्रोपनायिषु ।
न भेरीशङ्खवादेषु प्रहर्तव्यं कथंचन ॥ ६.१.३२ ॥
One must not strike charioteers, nor draught animals, nor those who carry weapons, nor those sounding drums and conch-shells, in any way.
6.1.33
एवं ते समयं कृत्वा कुरुपाण्डवसोमकाः ।
विस्मयं परमं जग्मुः प्रेक्षमाणाः परस्परम् ॥ ६.१.३३ ॥
Having thus made their agreement, the Kurus, Pāṇḍavas and Somakas, looking at one another, were filled with great wonder.
6.1.34
निविश्य च महात्मानस्ततस्ते पुरुषर्षभाः ।
हृष्टरुपाःसृमनसोबभूवुःसहसैनिकाः ॥ ६.१.३४ ॥
Then those great-souled bulls among men sat down with their soldiers, their faces joyful and their minds glad.