Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa · Sarga 4.18
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4.18.1
इत्युक्तः प्रश्रितं वाक्यं धर्मार्थसहितं हितम्।
परुषं वालिना रामो निहतेन विचेतसा ॥ ४.१८.१ ॥
Thus addressed harshly by the wounded and bewildered Vāli, Rāma replied with humble words, joined with dharma and purpose, and beneficial.
4.18.2
तं निष्प्रभमिवादित्यं मुक्ततोयमिवाम्बुदम्।
उक्तवाक्यं हरिश्रेष्ठमुपशान्तमिवानलम् ॥ ४.१८.२ ॥
Like a sun deprived of its splendor, like a cloud that has released its water, like a fire grown calm, that best of monkeys, having spoken his words, fell still.
4.18.3
धर्मार्थगुणसम्पन्नं हरीश्वरमनुत्तमम्।
अधिक्षिप्तस्तदा रामः पश्चाद् वालिनमब्रवीत् ॥ ४.१८.३ ॥
Then Rāma, endowed with dharma, purpose and virtue, rebuked by Vāli, the peerless lord of the monkeys, afterwards spoke to Vāli these words.
4.18.4
धर्ममर्थं च कामं च समयं चापि लौकिकम्।
अविज्ञाय कथं बाल्यान्मामिहाद्य विगर्हसे ॥ ४.१८.४ ॥
Not knowing dharma, purpose, pleasure, or the customs of the world, how is it that in your childishness you now reproach me here, Vāli?
4.18.5
अपृष्ट्वा बुद्धिसम्पन्नान् वृद्धानाचार्यसम्मतान्।
सौम्य वानरचापल्यात् त्वं मां वक्तुमिहेच्छसि ॥ ४.१८.५ ॥
Gentle one, without consulting the wise, the elders, and those approved by teachers, you now wish to speak to me here out of a monkey's fickleness.
4.18.6
इक्ष्वाकूणामियं भूमिः सशैलवनकानना।
मृगपक्षिमनुष्याणां निग्रहानुग्रहेष्वपि ॥ ४.१८.६ ॥
This earth, with its mountains, forests and groves, belongs to the kings of the Ikṣvāku line; over beasts, birds and men, in punishment and in favor alike, the authority is theirs.
4.18.7
तां पालयति धर्मात्मा भरतः सत्यवानृजुः।
धर्मकामार्थतत्त्वज्ञो निग्रहानुग्रहे रतः ॥ ४.१८.७ ॥
The righteous-souled Bharata, truthful and upright, protects her; knowing the true nature of dharma, desire and wealth, he is devoted to both punishment and favour.
4.18.8
नयश्च विनयश्चोभौ यस्मिन् सत्यं च सुस्थितम्।
विक्रमश्च यथा दृष्टः स राजा देशकालवित् ॥ ४.१८.८ ॥
He in whom policy and humility, truth and valour are firmly established as they have been seen, that king knows place and time.
4.18.9
तस्य धर्मकृतादेशा वयमन्ये च पार्थिवाः।
चरामो वसुधां कृत्स्नां धर्मसंतानमिच्छवः ॥ ४.१८.९ ॥
By his dharma-accordant commands, we and the other kings, desiring the continuance of dharma, roam the entire earth.
4.18.10
तस्मिन् नृपतिशार्दूले भरते धर्मवत्सले।
पालयत्यखिलां पृथ्वीं कश्चरेद् धर्मविप्रियम् ॥ ४.१८.१० ॥
While that Bharata, tiger among kings and fond of dharma, protects the entire earth, who would act contrary to dharma?
4.18.11
ते वयं मार्गविभ्रष्टं स्वधर्मे परमे स्थिताः।
भरताज्ञां पुरस्कृत्य निगृह्णीमो यथाविधि ॥ ४.१८.११ ॥
We, established in our supreme duty, keeping Bharata's command before us, restrain the one who has strayed from the path, as the rule prescribes.
4.18.12
त्वं तु संक्लिष्टधर्मश्च कर्मणा च विगर्हितः।
कामतन्त्रप्रधानश्च न स्थितो राजवर्त्मनि ॥ ४.१८.१२ ॥
But you, whose dharma is corrupted, reproached for your deeds, chiefly governed by desire, do not abide on the royal path.
4.18.13
ज्येष्ठो भ्राता पिता वापि यश्च विद्यां प्रयच्छति।
त्रयस्ते पितरो ज्ञेया धर्मे च पथि वर्तिनः ॥ ४.१८.१३ ॥
The elder brother, the father, and he who gives knowledge — these three are to be known as fathers, abiding on the path of dharma.
4.18.14
यवीयानात्मनः पुत्रः शिष्यश्चापि गुणोदितः।
पुत्रवत्ते त्रयश्चिन्त्या धर्मश्चैवात्र कारणम् ॥ ४.१८.१४ ॥
A younger son, one's own disciple, and one praised for virtue — these three should be regarded as sons; and here dharma is indeed the reason.
4.18.15
सूक्ष्मः परमदुर्ज्ञेयः सतां धर्मः प्लवङ्गम।
हृदिस्थः सर्वभूतानामात्मा वेद शुभाशुभम् ॥ ४.१८.१५ ॥
O leaper, the dharma of the good is subtle and most hard to know; the self dwelling in the heart of all beings alone knows what is good and what is evil.
4.18.16
चपलश्चपलैः सार्धं वानरैरकृतात्मभिः।
जात्यन्ध इव जात्यन्धैर्मन्त्रयन् प्रेक्षसे नु किम् ॥ ४.१८.१६ ॥
Fickle as you are, consulting with fickle, undisciplined monkeys, like one born blind among the born blind — what is it you are looking at, deliberating thus?
4.18.17
अहं तु व्यक्ततामस्य वचनस्य ब्रवीमि ते।
नहि मां केवलं रोषात् त्वं विगर्हितुमर्हसि ॥ ४.१८.१७ ॥
But I will explain the clear meaning of these words to you; it is not fitting that you should reproach me merely out of anger.
4.18.18
तदेतत् कारणं पश्य यदर्थं त्वं मया हतः।
भ्रातुर्वर्तसि भार्यायां त्यक्त्वा धर्मं सनातनम् ॥ ४.१८.१८ ॥
See this, the reason for which I struck you down: you live with your brother's wife, having abandoned the eternal dharma.
4.18.19
अस्य त्वं धरमाणस्य सुग्रीवस्य महात्मनः।
रुमायां वर्तसे कामात् स्नुषायां पापकर्मकृत् ॥ ४.१८.१९ ॥
While you hold the kingdom of this great-souled Sugrīva, out of desire you live with Rumā, your daughter-in-law, doer of sinful deeds.
4.18.20
तद् व्यतीतस्य ते धर्मात् कामवृत्तस्य वानर।
भ्रातृभार्याभिमर्शेऽस्मिन् दण्डोऽयं प्रतिपादितः ॥ ४.१८.२० ॥
Therefore, O monkey, you who have strayed from dharma and acted from desire, this punishment has been prescribed for the offence of touching your brother's wife.
4.18.21
नहि लोकविरुद्धस्य लोकवृत्तादपेयुषः।
दण्डादन्यत्र पश्यामि निग्रहं हरियूथप ॥ ४.१८.२१ ॥
O lord of the monkey troops, for one who acts against the ways of the world and has fallen from worldly conduct, I see no restraint other than punishment.
4.18.22
न च ते मर्षये पापं क्षत्रियोऽहं कुलोद्गतः।
औरसीं भगिनीं वापि भार्यां वाप्यनुजस्य यः ॥ ४.१८.२२ ॥
And I, born of a noble kṣatriya lineage, do not forgive your sin, whether it be with one's own sister or with a younger brother's wife.
4.18.23
प्रचरेत नरः कामात् तस्य दण्डो वधः स्मृतः।
भरतस्तु महीपालो वयं त्वादेशवर्तिनः ॥ ४.१८.२३ ॥
A man who acts thus out of desire, his punishment is said to be death. Bharata is the king, protector of the earth, and we are those who abide by his command.
4.18.24
त्वं च धर्मादतिक्रान्तः कथं शक्यमुपेक्षितुम्।
गुरुधर्मव्यतिक्रान्तं प्राज्ञो धर्मेण पालयन् ॥ ४.१८.२४ ॥
You have transgressed dharma; how can it be overlooked? How can a wise man who protects dharma overlook one who has violated the duty owed to the elder?
4.18.25
भरतः कामयुक्तानां निग्रहे पर्यवस्थितः।
वयं तु भरतादेशावधिं कृत्वा हरीश्वर।
त्वद्विधान् भिन्नमर्यादान् निग्रहीतुं व्यवस्थिताः ॥ ४.१८.२५ ॥
Bharata is steadfast in punishing those ruled by desire. As for us, O lord of the monkeys, keeping within the bounds of Bharata's command, we are appointed to punish those who break the bounds, such as you.
4.18.26
सुग्रीवेण च मे सख्यं लक्ष्मणेन यथा तथा।
दारराज्यनिमित्तं च निःश्रेयस्करः स मे ॥ ४.१८.२६ ॥
My friendship with Sugrīva is just as it is with Lakṣmaṇa; for the sake of wife and kingdom, it is conducive to my highest good.
4.18.27
प्रतिज्ञा च मया दत्ता तदा वानरसंनिधौ।
प्रतिज्ञा च कथं शक्या मद्विधेनानवेक्षितुम् ॥ ४.१८.२७ ॥
I gave my promise then, in the presence of the monkeys. How can one like me disregard a promise?
4.18.28
तदेभिः कारणैः सर्वैर्महद्भिर्धर्मसंश्रितैः।
शासनं तव यद् युक्तं तद् भवाननुमन्यताम् ॥ ४.१८.२८ ॥
Therefore, for all these great reasons grounded in dharma, may you approve the decree that is fitting for you.
4.18.29
सर्वथा धर्म इत्येव द्रष्टव्यस्तव निग्रहः।
वयस्यस्योपकर्तव्यं धर्ममेवानुपश्यता ॥ ४.१८.२९ ॥
Your punishment must be seen as dharma in every way. A friend is to be helped, but with dharma alone kept in view.
4.18.30
शक्यं त्वयापि तत्कार्यं धर्ममेवानुवर्तता।
श्रूयते मनुना गीतौ श्लोकौ चारित्रवत्सलौ।
गृहीतौ धर्मकुशलैस्तथा तच्चरितं मया ॥ ४.१८.३० ॥
If you follow dharma alone, that deed is possible for you as well. Two verses sung by Manu, fond of right conduct, are heard; the skilled in dharma have taken them up, and I too have conducted myself accordingly.
4.18.31
राजभिर्धृतदण्डाश्च कृत्वा पापानि मानवाः।
निर्मलाः स्वर्गमायान्ति सन्तः सुकृतिनो यथा ॥ ४.१८.३१ ॥
Men who have committed sins, having been punished by kings, become pure and go to heaven, just as the good and the righteous doers do.
4.18.32
शासनाद् वापि मोक्षाद् वा स्तेनः पापात् प्रमुच्यते।
राजा त्वशासन् पापस्य तदवाप्नोति किल्बिषम् ॥ ४.१८.३२ ॥
A thief is freed from sin either by punishment or by release; but a king who does not punish the sinner incurs that guilt.
4.18.33
आर्येण मम मान्धात्रा व्यसनं घोरमीप्सितम्।
श्रमणेन कृते पापे यथा पापं कृतं त्वया ॥ ४.१८.३३ ॥
My noble Māndhātṛ desired a terrible calamity, just as you committed a sin when an ascetic had committed a sin.
4.18.34
अन्यैरपि कृतं पापं प्रमत्तैर्वसुधाधिपैः।
प्रायश्चित्तं च कुर्वन्ति तेन तच्छाम्यते रजः ॥ ४.१८.३४ ॥
Other negligent kings too have committed sin, but they perform expiation; by that the stain is appeased.
4.18.35
तदलं परितापेन धर्मतः परिकल्पितः।
वधो वानरशार्दूल न वयं स्ववशे स्थिताः ॥ ४.१८.३५ ॥
Therefore, let there be no more grief; his killing was ordained by dharma. O tiger among vānaras, we were not in our own control.
4.18.36
शृणु चाप्यपरं भूयः कारणं हरिपुंगव।
तच्छ्रुत्वा हि महद् वीर न मन्युं कर्तुमर्हसि ॥ ४.१८.३६ ॥
Listen, and hear yet another reason, O best of monkeys. Having heard it, O hero, you should not be angry.
4.18.37
न मे तत्र मनस्तापो न मन्युर्हरिपुंगव।
वागुराभिश्च पाशैश्च कूटैश्च विविधैर्नराः ॥ ४.१८.३७ ॥
O best of monkeys, there I feel neither distress of mind nor anger. Men hunt with nets, snares, and various kinds of traps.
4.18.38
प्रतिच्छन्नाश्च दृश्याश्च गृह्णन्ति सुबहून् मृगान्।
प्रधावितान् वा वित्रस्तान् विस्रब्धानतिविष्ठितान् ॥ ४.१८.३८ ॥
Concealed or in plain view, they seize many deer, whether they are fleeing, terrified, unsuspecting, or standing very still.
4.18.39
प्रमत्तानप्रमत्तान् वा नरा मांसाशिनो भृशम्।
विध्यन्ति विमुखांश्चापि न च दोषोऽत्र विद्यते ॥ ४.१८.३९ ॥
Whether heedless or alert, even with their faces turned away, flesh-eating men pierce them greatly; and there is no fault in this.
4.18.40
यान्ति राजर्षयश्चात्र मृगयां धर्मकोविदाः।
तस्मात् त्वं निहतो युद्धे मया बाणेन वानर।
अयुध्यन् प्रतियुध्यन् वा यस्माच्छाखामृगो ह्यसि ॥ ४.१८.४० ॥
Here even royal sages, expert in dharma, go out to hunt. Therefore you have been struck down in battle by my arrow, O monkey, since you are a tree-dwelling animal, whether you fought not or fought back.
4.18.41
दुर्लभस्य च धर्मस्य जीवितस्य शुभस्य च।
राजानो वानरश्रेष्ठ प्रदातारो न संशयः ॥ ४.१८.४१ ॥
O best of monkeys, kings are the givers of rare dharma, of life, and of auspiciousness, without doubt.
4.18.42
तान् न हिंस्यान्न चाक्रोशेन्नाक्षिपेन्नाप्रियं वदेत्।
देवा मानुषरूपेण चरन्त्येते महीतले ॥ ४.१८.४२ ॥
One should not harm them, nor revile them, nor insult them, nor speak any unpleasant word; these are gods wandering the earth in human form.
4.18.43
त्वं तु धर्ममविज्ञाय केवलं रोषमास्थितः।
विदूषयसि मां धर्मे पितृपैतामहे स्थितम् ॥ ४.१८.४३ ॥
But you, not knowing dharma and merely held by anger, revile me, who abide in the dharma handed down by fathers and grandfathers.
4.18.44
एवमुक्तस्तु रामेण वाली प्रव्यथितो भृशम्।
न दोषं राघवे दध्यौ धर्मेऽधिगतनिश्चयः ॥ ४.१८.४४ ॥
Thus addressed by Rāma, Vālī was greatly pained; yet he did not find fault in Rāghava, and his resolve regarding dharma became firm.
4.18.45
प्रत्युवाच ततो रामं प्राञ्जलिर्वानरेश्वरः।
यत् त्वमात्थ नरश्रेष्ठ तत् तथैव न संशयः ॥ ४.१८.४५ ॥
Then the lord of the monkeys, with folded hands, replied to Rāma: 'O best of men, what you have said is just so; there is no doubt.'
4.18.46
प्रतिवक्तुं प्रकृष्टे हि नापकृष्टस्तु शक्नुयात्।
यदयुक्तं मया पूर्वं प्रमादाद् वाक्यमप्रियम् ॥ ४.१८.४६ ॥
A lowly one cannot answer back to one who is exalted; and the improper, unpleasant words I earlier spoke out of carelessness were wrong.
4.18.47
तत्रापि खलु मे दोषं कर्तुं नार्हसि राघव।
त्वं हि दृष्टार्थतत्त्वज्ञः प्रजानां च हिते रतः।
कार्यकारणसिद्धौ च प्रसन्ना बुद्धिरव्यया ॥ ४.१८.४७ ॥
Even so, O Rāghava, you should not lay a fault upon me. You are the knower of the true nature of what is seen, devoted to the welfare of the people; and in establishing cause and effect your intellect is clear and unfailing.
4.18.48
मामप्यवगतं धर्माद् व्यतिक्रान्तपुरस्कृतम्।
धर्मसंहितया वाचा धर्मज्ञ परिपालय ॥ ४.१८.४८ ॥
You have also understood me as one who has strayed from dharma and is set before judgment; O knower of dharma, protect me with words in accord with dharma.
4.18.49
बाष्पसंरुद्धकण्ठस्तु वाली सार्तरवः शनैः।
उवाच रामं सम्प्रेक्ष्य पङ्कलग्न इव द्विपः ॥ ४.१८.४९ ॥
With his throat choked with tears, Vālī, his voice broken, looked at Rāma and spoke slowly, like an elephant stuck in mud.
4.18.50
न चात्मानमहं शोचे न तारां नापि बान्धवान्।
यथा पुत्रं गुणज्येष्ठमङ्गदं कनकाङ्गदम् ॥ ४.१८.५० ॥
I do not grieve for myself, nor for Tārā, nor even for my kinsmen, as I grieve for my son Aṅgada, eldest in virtue, wearing golden armlets.
4.18.51
स ममादर्शनाद् दीनो बाल्यात् प्रभृति लालितः।
तटाक इव पीताम्बुरुपशोषं गमिष्यति ॥ ४.१८.५१ ॥
Unseen by me, he will be wretched; cherished since childhood, he will dry up like a lake whose water has been drunk.
4.18.52
बालश्चाकृतबुद्धिश्च एकपुत्रश्च मे प्रियः।
तारेयो राम भवता रक्षणीयो महाबलः ॥ ४.१८.५२ ॥
He is a child, of immature understanding, my only dear son. O Rāma, Tārā's mighty son ought to be protected by you.
4.18.53
सुग्रीवे चाङ्गदे चैव विधत्स्व मतिमुत्तमाम्।
त्वं हि गोप्ता च शास्ता च कार्याकार्यविधौ स्थितः ॥ ४.१८.५३ ॥
Direct your excellent mind toward Sugrīva and Aṅgada, for you are the protector and ruler, established in the ordering of what is to be done and not done.
4.18.54
या ते नरपते वृत्तिर्भरते लक्ष्मणे च या।
सुग्रीवे चाङ्गदे राजंस्तां चिन्तयितुमर्हसि ॥ ४.१८.५४ ॥
O lord of men, the conduct you hold toward Bharata and Lakṣmaṇa, that same conduct, O king, you ought to consider toward Sugrīva and Aṅgada.
4.18.55
मद्दोषकृतदोषां तां यथा तारां तपस्विनीम्।
सुग्रीवो नावमन्येत तथावस्थातुमर्हसि ॥ ४.१८.५५ ॥
As Sugrīva should not disregard Tārā, that ascetic woman who was made faulty by my fault, so you too ought to remain steadfast.
4.18.56
त्वया ह्यनुगृहीतेन शक्यं राज्यमुपासितुम्।
त्वद्वशे वर्तमानेन तव चित्तानुवर्तिना ॥ ४.१८.५६ ॥
Only by having received your favour, remaining under your control and following your wishes, is it possible to govern the kingdom.
4.18.57
शक्यं दिवं चार्जयितुं वसुधां चापि शासितुम्।
त्वत्तोऽहं वधमाकांक्षन् वार्यमाणोऽपि तारया ॥ ४.१८.५७ ॥
It is possible to conquer heaven and also to rule the earth; wishing for death at your hands, I went on though Tārā restrained me.
4.18.58
सुग्रीवेण सह भ्रात्रा द्वन्द्वयुद्धमुपागतः।
इत्युक्त्वा वानरो रामं विरराम हरीश्वरः ॥ ४.१८.५८ ॥
Saying, "I have come to fight a duel with Sugrīva, my brother," the lord of the monkeys fell silent before Rāma.
4.18.59
स तमाश्वासयद् रामो वालिनं व्यक्तदर्शनम्।
साधुसम्मतया वाचा धर्मतत्त्वार्थयुक्तया ॥ ४.१८.५९ ॥
Rāma consoled Vālin, who was now plainly visible, with words approved by the good and full of the truth and meaning of dharma.
4.18.60
न संतापस्त्वया कार्य एतदर्थं प्लवङ्गम।
न वयं भवता चिन्त्या नाप्यात्मा हरिसत्तम।
वयं भवद्विशेषेण धर्मतः कृतनिश्चयाः ॥ ४.१८.६० ॥
Monkey, you should not grieve over this. Best of monkeys, you need not be anxious about us or about yourself; for your sake we have firmly resolved in accordance with dharma.
4.18.61
दण्ड्ये यः पातयेद् दण्डं दण्ड्यो यश्चापि दण्ड्यते।
कार्यकारणसिद्धार्थावुभौ तौ नावसीदतः ॥ ४.१८.६१ ॥
He who inflicts punishment on one deserving it, and he who is punished — both whose aims are fulfilled through deed and cause — do not sink into sorrow.
4.18.62
तद् भवान् दण्डसंयोगादस्माद् विगतकल्मषः।
गतः स्वां प्रकृतिं धर्म्यां दण्डदिष्टेन वर्त्मना ॥ ४.१८.६२ ॥
Therefore you, freed from fault through this bond of punishment, have returned to your own righteous nature by the path ordained through punishment.
4.18.63
त्यज शोकं च मोहं च भयं च हृदये स्थितम्।
त्वया विधानं हर्यग्र्य न शक्यमतिवर्तितुम् ॥ ४.१८.६३ ॥
Abandon grief, delusion, and the fear lodged in your heart, best of monkeys; this decree cannot be transgressed by you.
4.18.64
यथा त्वय्यङ्गदो नित्यं वर्तते वानरेश्वर।
तथा वर्तेत सुग्रीवे मयि चापि न संशयः ॥ ४.१८.६४ ॥
Just as Aṅgada always behaves toward you, lord of the monkeys, so he will behave toward Sugrīva and toward me as well — of this there is no doubt.
4.18.65
स तस्य वाक्यं मधुरं महात्मनः
समाहितं धर्मपथानुवर्तितम्।
निशम्य रामस्य रणावमर्दिनो
वचः सुयुक्तं निजगाद वानरः ॥ ४.१८.६५ ॥
Having heard the sweet, composed words of the great-souled Rāma, crusher of enemies in battle, which followed the path of dharma, the monkey spoke well-reasoned words.
4.18.66
शराभितप्तेन विचेतसा मया
प्रभाषितस्त्वं यदजानता विभो।
इदं महेन्द्रोपमभीमविक्रम
प्रसादितस्त्वं क्षम मे नरेश्वर ॥ ४.१८.६६ ॥
Tormented by the arrow and bewildered in mind, I spoke to you in ignorance, my lord. Terrible in valor like Indra, lord of men, forgive me.