Upaniṣads · Praśna 4
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Praśna 4.1
अथ हैनं सौर्यायणि गार्ग्यः पप्रच्छ ।
भगवन्नेतस्मिन्
पुरुषे कानि स्वपन्ति कान्यस्मिञ्जाग्रति कतर एष देवः
स्वप्नान् पश्यति कस्यैतत् सुखं भवति कस्मिन्नु सर्वे
सम्प्रतिष्टिता भवन्तीति ॥ ४.१ ॥
Then Saurāyaṇi Gārgya asked him: Venerable one, which faculties sleep in this person, and which remain awake in him? Which deity sees dreams? Whose is this happiness? In what are all things firmly established together?
Praśna 4.2
तस्मै स होवच ।
यथ गार्ग्य मरीचयोऽर्कस्यास्तं
गच्छतः सर्वा एतस्मिंस्तेजोमण्डल एकीभवन्ति ।
ताः पुनः
पुनरुदयतः प्रचरन्त्येवं ह वै तत् सर्वं परे देवे
मनस्येकीभवति
तेन तर्ह्येष पुरुषो न शृणोति न पश्यति न
जिघ्रति न रसयते न स्पृशते नाभिवदते नादत्ते नानन्दयते
न विसृजते नेयायते स्वपितीत्याचक्षते ॥ ४.२ ॥
He said to him: Gārgya, just as the rays of the sun all become one in this orb of light when the sun goes down, and spread out again and again when it rises, so indeed all this becomes one in the highest deity, in the mind. Then this person does not hear, does not see, does not smell, does not taste, does not touch, does not speak, does not grasp, does not rejoice, does not release, does not move; they call this 'he sleeps'.
Praśna 4.3
प्राणाग्रय एवैतस्मिन् पुरे जाग्रति ।
गार्हपत्यो ह
वा एषोऽपानो व्यानोऽन्वाहार्यपचनो यद्गार्हपत्यात् प्रणीयते
प्रणयनादाहवनीयः प्राणः ॥ ४.३ ॥
It is the fires of breath that remain awake in this city (the body). This apāna is the householder's fire (gārhapatya); vyāna is the fire for cooking offerings (anvāhāryapacana), which is taken out from the householder's fire; and since it is taken forth from it, prāṇa is the offering fire (āhavanīya).
Praśna 4.4
यदुच्छ्वासनिःश्वासावेतावाहुती समं नयतीति स समानः ।
मनो ह वाव यजमानः ।
इष्टफलमेवोदानः ।
स
एनं यजमानमहरहर्ब्रह्म गमयति ॥ ४.४ ॥
That which carries the two oblations, the in-breath and the out-breath, equally is samāna. Mind indeed is the sacrificer. Udāna is the desired fruit. Day by day it leads this sacrificer to brahman.
Praśna 4.5
अत्रैष देवः स्वप्ने महिमानमनुभवति ।
यद्दृष्टं
दृष्टमनुपश्यति
श्रुतं श्रुतमेवार्थमनुशृणोति देशदिगन्तरैश्च
प्रत्यनुभूतं
पुनः पुनः प्रत्यनुभवति दृष्टं चादृष्टं च श्रुतं
चाश्रुतं
चानुभूतं चाननुभूतं च स्च्चासच्च सर्वं पश्यति सर्वः
पस्यति ॥ ४.५ ॥
Here, in dream, this shining one experiences its greatness. What has been seen, it sees again; what has been heard, it hears again, and likewise across regions and directions. What has been experienced, it experiences again and again. Both the seen and the unseen, the heard and the unheard, the experienced and the unexperienced, what is and what is not: it sees all. It sees everything.
Praśna 4.6
स यदा तेजसाऽभिभूतो भवति ।
अत्रैष देवः स्वप्नान्न
पश्यत्यथ यदैतस्मिञ्शरीर एतत्सुखं भवति ॥ ४.६ ॥
When it is overcome by brilliance, here this god sees no dreams. Then, when in this body this happiness arises,
Praśna 4.7
स यथा सोभ्य वयांसि वसोवृक्षं संप्रतिष्ठन्ते ।
एवं
ह वै तत् सर्वं पर आत्मनि संप्रतिष्ठते ॥ ४.७ ॥
Gentle one, just as birds settle on the tree where they rest, so indeed all of that is established in the supreme self.
Praśna 4.8
पृथिवी च पृथिवीमात्रा चापश्चापोमात्रा च तेजश्च
तेजोमात्रा च वायुश्च वायुमात्रा चाकाशश्चाकाशमात्रा
च चक्षुश्च द्रष्टव्यं च श्रोत्रं च श्रोतव्यं च ग्राणं च
घ्रातव्यं च रसश्च रसयितव्यं च त्वक्च स्पर्शयितव्यं च
वाक्च वक्तव्यं च हस्तौ चादातव्यं चोपस्थश्चानन्दयितव्यं
च पायुश्च विसर्जयितव्यं च यादौ च गन्तव्यं च मनश्च
मन्तव्यं च बुद्धिश्च बोद्धिव्यं चाहङ्कारश्चाहङ्कर्तव्यं च
चित्तं च चेतयितव्यं च तेजश्च विद्योतयितव्यं च प्राणश्च
विद्यारयितव्यं च ॥ ४.८ ॥
Earth and the subtle essence of earth, water and the subtle essence of water, fire and the subtle essence of fire, air and the subtle essence of air, space and the subtle essence of space; the eye and the visible, the ear and the audible, the nose and the odorous, the tongue and the tasteable, the skin and the tangible, speech and the sayable, the hands and the grasped, the genital organ and the enjoyable, the anus and the excretable, the feet and the walkable, the mind and the thinkable, the intellect and the knowable, the ego-sense and the object of egoity, the thought-stuff and the perceivable, light and the illuminable, and the breath of life and the sustainable.
Praśna 4.9
एष हि द्रष्टा स्प्रष्टा श्रोता घ्राता रसयिता मन्ता
बोद्धा कर्ता विज्ञानात्मा पुरुषः ।
स परेऽक्षर आत्मनि
सम्प्रतिष्ठते ॥ ४.९ ॥
This indeed is the seer, the toucher, the hearer, the smeller, the taster, the thinker, the knower, and the agent; this is the person whose self is consciousness (vijñānātmā). He becomes established in the highest imperishable self (ātman).
Praśna 4.10
परमेवाक्षरं प्रतिपद्यते स यो ह वै
तदच्छायमशरीरम्लोहितं
शुभ्रमक्षरं वेदयते यस्तु सोम्य ।
स सर्वज्ञः सर्वो भवति ।
तदेष श्लोकः ॥ ४.१० ॥
Gentle one, whoever knows that imperishable, which is shadowless, bodiless, unblemished red, bright—he indeed attains the highest imperishable. He becomes all-knowing and becomes everything. On this there is this verse.
Praśna 4.11
विज्ञानात्मा सह देवैश्च सर्वैः
प्राणा भुतानि संप्रतिष्ठन्ति यत्र
तदक्षरं वेदयते यस्तु सोम्य
स सर्वज्ञः सर्वमेवाविवेशेति ॥ ४.११ ॥
Gentle one, he who knows that imperishable in which the self of consciousness, together with all the gods, the breaths, and all beings become established—he becomes all-knowing and enters into everything.