Ṛgveda · Sūkta 10.90
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10.90.1
स॒हस्र॑शीर्षा॒ पुरु॑षः सहस्रा॒क्षः स॒हस्र॑पात् ।
स भूमिं॑ वि॒श्वतो॑ वृ॒त्वात्य॑तिष्ठद्दशाङ्गु॒लम् ॥
Thousand-headed is the Puruṣa, thousand-eyed, thousand-footed. Enveloping the earth on every side, he stood beyond it by ten fingers' breadth.
10.90.2
पुरु॑ष ए॒वेदं सर्वं॒ यद्भू॒तं यच्च॒ भव्य॑म् ।
उ॒तामृ॑त॒त्वस्येशा॑नो॒ यदन्ने॑नाति॒रोह॑ति ॥
Puruṣa is all this, whatever has been and whatever shall be. He is lord of immortality, which he outgrows through food.
10.90.3
ए॒तावा॑नस्य महि॒मातो॒ ज्यायां॑श्च॒ पूरु॑षः ।
पादो॑ऽस्य॒ विश्वा॑ भू॒तानि॑ त्रि॒पाद॑स्या॒मृतं॑ दि॒वि ॥
So great is his greatness, and Puruṣa is greater still. All beings are one quarter of him; three quarters of him is the immortal in heaven.
10.90.4
त्रि॒पादू॒र्ध्व उदै॒त्पुरु॑षः॒ पादो॑ऽस्ये॒हाभ॑व॒त्पुनः॑ ।
ततो॒ विष्व॒ङ्व्य॑क्रामत्साशनानश॒ने अ॒भि ॥
The three-footed Puruṣa rose upward; his one foot came to be here again. Then he spread out in all directions, into both the eating and the non-eating.
10.90.5
तस्मा॑द्वि॒राळ॑जायत वि॒राजो॒ अधि॒ पूरु॑षः ।
स जा॒तो अत्य॑रिच्यत प॒श्चाद्भूमि॒मथो॑ पु॒रः ॥
From him Virāj was born, and from Virāj the Puruṣa arose. Born, he spread beyond, over the earth, behind and then also in front.
10.90.6
यत्पुरु॑षेण ह॒विषा॑ दे॒वा य॒ज्ञमत॑न्वत ।
व॒स॒न्तो अ॑स्यासी॒दाज्यं॑ ग्री॒ष्म इ॒ध्मः श॒रद्ध॒विः ॥
When the gods performed the sacrifice with Puruṣa as oblation, spring was its clarified butter, summer the fuel, and autumn the offering.
10.90.7
तं य॒ज्ञं ब॒र्हिषि॒ प्रौक्ष॒न्पुरु॑षं जा॒तम॑ग्र॒तः ।
तेन॑ दे॒वा अ॑यजन्त सा॒ध्या ऋष॑यश्च॒ ये ॥
They sprinkled that Purusa, born in front, upon the sacred grass; with him the gods, the Sadhyas, and the seers performed the sacrifice.
10.90.8
तस्मा॑द्य॒ज्ञात्स॑र्व॒हुतः॒ सम्भृ॑तं पृषदा॒ज्यम् ।
प॒शून्तांश्च॑क्रे वाय॒व्या॑नार॒ण्यान्ग्रा॒म्याश्च॒ ये ॥
From that sacrifice wholly offered, the mixed ghee was gathered; from it he made those animals, belonging to Vāyu, wild and domestic.
10.90.9
तस्मा॑द्य॒ज्ञात्स॑र्व॒हुतः॒ ऋचः॒ सामा॑नि जज्ञिरे ।
छन्दां॑सि जज्ञिरे॒ तस्मा॒द्यजु॒स्तस्मा॑दजायत ॥
From that sacrifice wholly offered were born the verses and the chants; the metres were born, from it the sacrificial formulas were born, from it it was born.
10.90.10
तस्मा॒दश्वा॑ अजायन्त॒ ये के चो॑भ॒याद॑तः ।
गावो॑ ह जज्ञिरे॒ तस्मा॒त्तस्मा॑ज्जा॒ता अ॑जा॒वयः॑ ॥
From that were born the horses, and whichever have teeth in both rows; indeed from that the cows were born, and from that goats and sheep were born.
10.90.11
यत्पुरु॑षं॒ व्यद॑धुः कति॒धा व्य॑कल्पयन् ।
मुखं॒ किम॑स्य॒ कौ बा॒हू का ऊ॒रू पादा॑ उच्येते ॥
When they divided the Purusa, into how many parts did they arrange him? What became his mouth? What are his arms? What are his thighs? What are said to be his feet?
10.90.12
ब्रा॒ह्म॒णो॑ऽस्य॒ मुख॑मासीद्बा॒हू रा॑ज॒न्यः॑ कृ॒तः ।
ऊ॒रू तद॑स्य॒ यद्वैश्यः॑ प॒द्भ्यां शू॒द्रो अ॑जायत ॥
The Brahmin was his mouth; the warrior was made his arms. The commoner became his thighs; from his feet the servant was born.
10.90.13
च॒न्द्रमा॒ मन॑सो जा॒तश्चक्षोः॒ सूर्यो॑ अजायत ।
मुखा॒दिन्द्र॑श्चा॒ग्निश्च॑ प्रा॒णाद्वा॒युर॑जायत ॥
The moon was born from the mind, the sun from the eye. From the mouth came Indra and Agni, and from the breath Vāyu was born.
10.90.14
नाभ्या॑ आसीद॒न्तरि॑क्षं शी॒र्ष्णो द्यौः सम॑वर्तत ।
प॒द्भ्यां भूमि॒र्दिशः॒ श्रोत्रा॒त्तथा॑ लो॒काँ अ॑कल्पयन् ॥
From the navel came the atmosphere; from the head the sky arose together. From the feet the earth, from the ear the directions; thus they fashioned the worlds.
10.90.15
स॒प्तास्या॑सन्परि॒धय॒स्त्रिः स॒प्त स॒मिधः॑ कृ॒ताः ।
दे॒वा यद्य॒ज्ञं त॑न्वा॒ना अब॑ध्न॒न्पुरु॑षं प॒शुम् ॥
Seven were its enclosing sticks, and thrice seven kindling-sticks were made, when the gods, performing the sacrifice, bound the Puruṣa as the victim beast.
10.90.16
य॒ज्ञेन॑ य॒ज्ञम॑यजन्त दे॒वास्तानि॒ धर्मा॑णि प्रथ॒मान्या॑सन् ।
ते ह॒ नाकं॑ महि॒मानः॑ सचन्त॒ यत्र॒ पूर्वे॑ सा॒ध्याः सन्ति॑ दे॒वाः ॥
By sacrifice the gods offered sacrifice; these were the first ordinances. Those mighty ones indeed attained the heavenly abode, where the ancient accomplished gods dwell.