Upaniṣads · Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5
हिन्दी · தமிழ் · తెలుగు · ಕನ್ನಡ · മലയാളം · বাংলা · मराठी · ગુજરાતી · ਪੰਜਾਬੀ · ଓଡ଼ିଆ · اردو · English · Español · Français · Deutsch · Português · Русский · 中文 · 日本語 · العربية · Bahasa Indonesia · ไทย
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.1
(याज्ञवल्क्यमैत्रेयीसंवादब्राह्मणम्)
अथ ह याज्ञवल्क्यस्य द्वे भार्ये बभूवतुर्मैत्रेयी च कात्यायनी च ।
तयोर्ह मैत्रेयी ब्रह्मवादिनी बभूव ।
स्त्रीप्रज्ञैव तर्हि कात्यायनी ।
अथ ह याज्ञवल्क्योऽन्यद्वृत्तमुपाकरिष्यन् ॥ ४.५.१ ॥
(The dialogue brāhmaṇa of Yājñavalkya and Maitreyī) Now Yājñavalkya had two wives, Maitreyī and Kātyāyanī. Of them, Maitreyī was a speaker of brahman. Kātyāyanī had only a woman's wisdom. Then Yājñavalkya was about to take up another way of life.
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.2
मैत्रेयीति होवाच याज्ञवल्क्यः ।
प्रव्रजिष्यन् वा अरेऽहमस्मात्स्थानादस्मि ।
हन्त तेऽनया कत्यायन्यान्तं करवाणीति ॥ ४.५.२ ॥
"Maitreyī," said Yājñavalkya, "I am about to go forth from this place. So let me settle matters for you with this Kātyāyanī."
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.3
सा होवाच मैत्रेयी
यन्नु म इयं भगोः सर्वा पृथिवी वित्तेन पूर्णा स्यात्स्यां न्वहं तेनामृताहो३ नेति ।
नेति होवाच याज्ञवल्क्यः ।
यथैवोपकरणवतां जीवितम् ।
तथैव ते जीवितं स्यात् ।
अमृतत्वस्य तु नाशास्ति वित्तेनेति ॥ ४.५.३ ॥
Maitreyī said: "Sir, if this whole earth were filled with wealth, would I become immortal by that wealth?" Yājñavalkya said: "No." Your life would be just like the life of those who have possessions. But there is no hope of immortality through wealth.
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.4
सा होवाच मैत्रेयी
येनाहं नामृता स्यां किमहं तेन कुर्याम् ।
यदेव भगवान् वेद तदेव मे ब्रूहीति ॥ ४.५.४ ॥
Maitreyī said: "What would I do with that by which I would not become immortal? Tell me just what you, revered sir, know."
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.5
स होवाच याज्ञवल्क्यः
प्रिया वै खलु नो भवती सती प्रियमवृधत् ।
हन्त तर्हि ।
भवत्येतद्व्याख्यास्यामि ते ।
व्याचक्षाणस्य तु मे निदिध्यासस्वेति ॥ ४.५.५ ॥
Yājñavalkya said: "You are dear to us, and being dear, you have increased what is dear. Well then, I will explain this to you. As I explain, reflect on it."
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.6
स होवाच ।
न वा अरे पत्युः कामाय पतिः प्रियो भवत्यात्मनस्तु कामाय पतिः प्रियो भवति ।
न वा अरे जायायै कामाय जाया प्रिया भवत्यात्मनस्तु कामाय जाया प्रिया भवति ।
न वा अरे पुत्राणां कामाय पुत्राः प्रिया भवन्त्यात्मनस्तु कामाय पुत्राः प्रिया भवन्ति ।
न वा अरे वित्तस्य कामाय वित्तं प्रियं भवत्यात्मनस्तु कामाय वित्तं प्रियं भवति ।
न वा अरे पशूनां कामाय पशवः प्रियं भवत्यात्मनस्तु कामाय पशवः प्रियं भवति ।
न वा अरे ब्रह्मणः कामाय ब्रह्म प्रियं भवत्यात्मनस्तु कामाय ब्रह्म प्रियं भवति ।
न वा अरे क्षत्रस्य कामाय क्षत्रं प्रियं भवत्यात्मनस्तु कामाय क्षत्रं प्रियं भवति ।
न वा अरे लोकानां कामाय लोकाः प्रिया भवन्त्यात्मनस्तु कामाय लोकाः प्रिया भवन्ति ।
न वा अरे देवानां कामाय देवाः प्रिया भवन्त्यात्मनस्तु कामाय देवाः प्रिया भवन्ति ।
न वा अरे वेदानां कामाय वेदाः प्रिया भवन्त्यात्मनस्तु कामाय वेदाः प्रिया भवन्ति ।
न वा अरे भूतानां कामाय भूतानि प्रियाणि भवन्त्यात्मनस्तु कामाय भूतानि प्रियाणि भवन्ति ।
न वा अरे सर्वस्य कामाय सर्वं प्रियं भवत्यात्मनस्तु कामाय सर्वं प्रियं भवति ।
आत्मा वा अरे द्रष्टव्यः श्रोतव्यो मन्तव्यो निदिध्यासितव्यो मैत्रेयि ।
आत्मनि खल्वरे दृष्टे श्रुते मते विज्ञात इदं सर्वं विदितम् ॥ ४.५.६ ॥
He said: "Indeed, a husband is not dear for the sake of the husband, but a husband is dear for the sake of the self. Indeed, a wife is not dear for the sake of the wife, but a wife is dear for the sake of the self. Indeed, sons are not dear for the sake of sons, but sons are dear for the sake of the self. Indeed, wealth is not dear for the sake of wealth, but wealth is dear for the sake of the self. Indeed, cattle are not dear for the sake of cattle, but cattle are dear for the sake of the self. Indeed, brahmin-hood is not dear for the sake of brahmin-hood, but brahmin-hood is dear for the sake of the self. Indeed, warrior-hood is not dear for the sake of warrior-hood, but warrior-hood is dear for the sake of the self. Indeed, worlds are not dear for the sake of worlds, but worlds are dear for the sake of the self. Indeed, gods are not dear for the sake of gods, but gods are dear for the sake of the self. Indeed, the Vedas are not dear for the sake of the Vedas, but the Vedas are dear for the sake of the self. Indeed, beings are not dear for the sake of beings, but beings are dear for the sake of the self. Indeed, everything is not dear for the sake of everything, but everything is dear for the sake of the self. Indeed, the self is to be seen, to be heard, to be reflected upon, and to be meditated upon, O Maitreyī. Indeed, when the self is seen, heard, reflected upon, and known, all this becomes known."
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.7
ब्रह्म तं परादाद्योऽन्यत्रात्मनो वेदान् वेद ।
क्षत्रं तं परादाद्योऽन्यत्रात्मनः क्षत्रं वेद ।
लोकास्तं परादुर्योऽन्यत्रात्मनो लोकान् वेद ।
देवास्तं परादुर्योऽन्यत्रात्मनो देवान् वेद ।
वेदास्तं परादुर्योऽन्यत्रात्मनो वेदान् वेद ।
भूतानि तं परादुर्योऽन्यत्रात्मनो भूतानि वेद ।
सर्वं तं परादाद्योऽन्यत्रात्मनः सर्वं वेद ।
इदं ब्रह्मेदं क्षत्रमिमे लोका इमे देवा इमे वेदा इमानि भूतानीदं सर्वं यदयमात्मा ॥ ४.५.७ ॥
Brahman forsakes him who knows the Vedas as other than the self. The warrior power forsakes him who knows the warrior power as other than the self. The worlds forsake him who knows the worlds as other than the self. The gods forsake him who knows the gods as other than the self. The Vedas forsake him who knows the Vedas as other than the self. The beings forsake him who knows the beings as other than the self. All forsakes him who knows all as other than the self. This is Brahman, this is the warrior power, these are the worlds, these are the gods, these are the Vedas, these are the beings, this is all — this self (ātman) is that.
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.8
स यथा दुन्दुभेर्हन्यमानस्य न बाह्याञ्छब्दाञ्छक्नुयाद्ग्रहणाय ।
दुन्दुभेस्तु ग्रहणेन दुन्दुभ्याघातस्य वा शब्दो गृहीतः ॥ ४.५.८ ॥
Just as one who is unable to grasp the external sounds of a struck drum, yet by grasping the drum itself, or the sound of its striking, the sound is grasped — so the self (ātman) is known through its underlying reality, not through the separate external sounds.
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.9
स यथा शङ्खस्य ध्मायमानस्य न बाह्याञ्छब्दाञ्छक्नुयाद्ग्रहणाय ।
शङ्खस्य तु ग्रहणेन शङ्खध्मस्य वा शब्दो गृहीतः ॥ ४.५.९ ॥
Just as one who is unable to grasp the external sounds of a blown conch, yet by grasping the conch itself, or the sound of its blowing, the sound is grasped — so the self (ātman) is known through its underlying reality, not through the separate external sounds.
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.10
स यथा वीणायै वाद्यमानायै न बाह्याञ्छब्दाञ्छक्नुयाद्ग्रहणाय ।
वीणायै तु ग्रहणेन वीणावादस्य वा शब्दो ग्र्हीतः ॥ ४.५.१० ॥
Just as one who is unable to grasp the external sounds of a played lute, yet by grasping the lute itself, or the sound of its playing, the sound is grasped — so the self (ātman) is known through its underlying reality, not through the separate external sounds.
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.11
स यथार्द्रैधाग्नेरभ्याहितस्य पृथग्धूमा विनिश्चरन्त्येवं वा अरेऽस्य महतो भूतस्य निःश्वसितमेतद्यदृग्वेदो यजुर्वेदः सामवेदोऽथर्वाङ्गिरस इतिहासः पुराणं विद्या उपनिषदः श्लोकाः सूत्राण्यनुव्याख्यानानि व्याख्याननीष्टं हुतमाशितं पायितमयं च लोकः परश्च लोकः सर्वाणि च भूतानि ।
अस्यैवैतानि सर्वाणि निश्वसितानि ॥ ४.५.११ ॥
Just as from a fire kindled with damp fuel, separate clouds of smoke come forth, so, O Maitreyī, this great being's breathing out is the Ṛg Veda, the Yajur Veda, the Sāma Veda, the Atharvāṅgiras, history, ancient lore, knowledges, Upaniṣads, verses, aphorisms, explanations and commentaries. Sacrifice, offering, food, drink, this world, the other world, and all beings—all these are its breathings out.
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.12
स यथा सर्वासामपां समुद्र एकायनम् ।
एवं सर्वेषां स्पर्शानां त्वगेकायनम् ।
एवं सर्वेषां गन्धानां नासिके एकायनम् ।
एवं सर्वेषां रसानां जिह्वैकायनम् ।
एवं सर्वेषां रूपाणां चक्षुरेकायनम् ।
एवं सर्वेषं शब्दानां श्रोत्रमेकायनम् ।
एवं सर्वेषां संकल्पानां मन एकायनम् ।
एवं सर्वासां विद्यानां हृदयमेकायनम् ।
एवं सर्वेषां कर्मणां हस्तावेकायनम् ।
एवं सर्वेषामानन्दानामुपस्थ एकायनम् ।
एवं सर्वेषां विसर्गाणां पायुरेकायनम् ।
एवं सर्वेषामध्वनां पादावेकायनम् ।
एवं सर्वेषां वेदानां वागेकायनम् ॥ ४.५.१२ ॥
Just as the ocean is the one resting-place of all waters, so the skin is the one resting-place of all touches. So the two nostrils are the one resting-place of all smells. So the tongue is the one resting-place of all tastes. So the eye is the one resting-place of all forms. So the ear is the one resting-place of all sounds. So the mind is the one resting-place of all intentions. So the heart is the one resting-place of all knowledges. So the two hands are the one resting-place of all actions. So the genitals are the one resting-place of all delights. So the anus is the one resting-place of all excretions. So the two feet are the one resting-place of all paths. So speech is the one resting-place of all the Vedas.
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.13
स यथा सैन्धवघनोऽनन्तरोऽबाह्यः कृत्स्नो रसघन एव ।
एवं वा अरेऽयमात्मानन्तरोऽबाह्यः कृत्स्नः प्रज्ञानघन एव ।
एतेभ्यो भूतेभ्यः समुत्थाय तान्येवानुविनयति ।
न प्रेत्य संज्ञास्तीत्यरे ब्रवीमि ।
इति होवाच याज्ञवल्क्यः ॥ ४.५.१३ ॥
Just as a lump of rock-salt is wholly and purely a mass of taste, without inside or outside, so, O Maitreyī, this self is wholly and purely a mass of pure consciousness, without inside or outside. Arising from these beings, it vanishes back into them. After death there is no awareness, O Maitreyī—so I say. Thus spoke Yājñavalkya.
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.14
सा होवाच मैत्रेयी
अत्रैव मा भगवान्मोहान्तमापीपदत् ।
न वा अहमिमं विजानामीति ।
स होवाच न वा अरेऽहं मोहं ब्रवीमि ।
अविनाशी वा अरेऽयमात्मानुच्छित्तिधर्मा ॥ ४.५.१४ ॥
Maitreyī said: 'Here the revered one has plunged me into deep bewilderment, for I do not understand this.' Yājñavalkya said: 'O Maitreyī, I do not speak of bewilderment. This self is indeed indestructible, O Maitreyī; its nature is not to be cut off or destroyed.'
Bṛhadāraṇyaka 4.5.15
यत्र हि द्वैतमिव भवति तदितर इतरं पश्यति, तदितर इतरं जिघ्रति, तदितर इतरं रसयते, तदितर इतरमभिवदति, तदितर इतरं शृणोति, तदितर इतरं मनुते. तदितर इतरं स्पृशति, तदितर इतरं विजानाति ।
यत्र त्वस्य सर्वमात्मैवाभूत्तत्केन कं पश्येत्तत्केन कं जिघ्रेत्तत्केन कं रसयेत्तत्केन कमभिवदेत्तत्केन कं शृणुयात्तत्केन कं मन्वीत तत्केन कं स्पृशेत्तत्केन कं विजानीयात् ।
येनेदं सर्वं विजानाति तं केन विजानीयात् ।
स एष नेति नेत्यात्मा ।
अगृह्यो न हि गृह्यते ।
अशीर्यो न हि शीर्यते ।
असङ्गो न हि सज्यते ।
असितो न व्यथते न रिष्यति ।
विज्ञातारमरे केन विजानीयादित्युक्तानुशासनासि मैत्रेयि ।
एतावदरे खल्वमृतत्वमिति होक्त्वा याज्ञवल्क्यो विजहार ॥ ४.५.१५ ॥
Where there is, as it were, duality, one sees another, one smells another, one tastes another, one speaks to another, one hears another, one thinks of another, one touches another, one knows another. But when for him all has become the self alone, then by what should one see whom, by what should one smell whom, by what should one taste whom, by what should one speak to whom, by what should one hear whom, by what should one think of whom, by what should one touch whom, by what should one know whom? By what could one know that by which all this is known? He is this self, described as 'not this, not this.' He is ungraspable, for he is not grasped; he is indestructible, for he is not destroyed; he is unattached, for he does not cling; he is unbound, he does not suffer, he is not harmed. Maitreyī, 'By what could one know the knower?' — this is the instruction I have given you. This much, indeed, is immortality — having said this, Yājñavalkya departed.