Upaniṣads · Kaṭha 1.3
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Kaṭha 1.3.1
ऋतं पिबन्तौ सुकृतस्य लोके
गुहां प्रविष्टौ परमे परार्धे ।
छायातपौ ब्रह्मविदो वदन्ति
पञ्चाग्नयो ये च त्रिणाचिकेताः ॥ १.३.१ ॥
In the world of good deeds, the two who drink the ṛta (truth), entered into the cave in the highest sphere, the knowers of brahman call shade and sunlight; and the five fires and the three Naciketa fires.
Kaṭha 1.3.2
यः सेतुरीजानानामक्षरं ब्रह्म यत् परम् ।
अभयं तितीर्षतां पारं शकेमहि ॥ १.३.२ ॥
That which is the bridge for those who sacrifice, the imperishable supreme brahman, the fearless, the far shore for those who wish to cross over: may we be able to reach it.
Kaṭha 1.3.3
आत्मानँ रथिनं विद्धि शरीरँ रथमेव तु ।
बुद्धिं तु सारथिं विद्धि मनः प्रग्रहमेव च ॥ १.३.३ ॥
Know the self (ātman) as the owner of the chariot, and the body alone as the chariot. Know the intellect (buddhi) as the charioteer, and the mind alone as the reins.
Kaṭha 1.3.4
इन्द्रियाणि हयानाहुर्विषयाँ स्तेषु गोचरान् ।
आत्मेन्द्रियमनोयुक्तं भोक्तेत्याहुर्मनीषिणः ॥ १.३.४ ॥
They call the senses horses, and the objects of sense their grazing fields. The wise say the self, joined with the senses and the mind, is the enjoyer (bhoktā).
Kaṭha 1.3.5
यस्त्वविज्ञानवान्भवत्ययुक्तेन मनसा सदा ।
तस्येन्द्रियाण्यवश्यानि दुष्टाश्वा इव सारथेः ॥ १.३.५ ॥
But he who lacks discernment and always has an unrestrained mind, his senses are unmanageable, like the vicious horses of a charioteer.
Kaṭha 1.3.6
यस्तु विज्ञानवान्भवति युक्तेन मनसा सदा ।
तस्येन्द्रियाणि वश्यानि सदश्वा इव सारथेः ॥ १.३.६ ॥
But he who has discernment and always has a restrained mind, his senses are under control, like the good horses of a charioteer.
Kaṭha 1.3.7
यस्त्वविज्ञानवान्भवत्यमनस्कः सदाऽशुचिः ।
न स तत्पदमाप्नोति संसारं चाधिगच्छति ॥ १.३.७ ॥
He who lacks discernment, whose mind is never steady, and who is always impure, does not reach that state; he goes on into saṃsāra.
Kaṭha 1.3.8
यस्तु विज्ञानवान्भवति समनस्कः सदा शुचिः ।
स तु तत्पदमाप्नोति यस्माद्भूयो न जायते ॥ १.३.८ ॥
But he who has discernment, whose mind is steady, and who is always pure, reaches that state, from which he is not born again.
Kaṭha 1.3.9
विज्ञानसारथिर्यस्तु मनः प्रग्रहवान्नरः ।
सोऽध्वनः पारमाप्नोति तद्विष्णोः परमं पदम् ॥ १.३.९ ॥
The man who takes discernment as his charioteer and holds the reins of the mind reaches the far end of the road: that supreme state of Viṣṇu.
Kaṭha 1.3.10
इन्द्रियेभ्यः परा ह्यर्था अर्थेभ्यश्च परं मनः ।
मनसस्तु परा बुद्धिर्बुद्धेरात्मा महान्परः ॥ १.३.१० ॥
Beyond the senses are their objects, and beyond the objects is the mind. Beyond the mind is the intellect, and beyond the intellect is the great ātman, the higher.
Kaṭha 1.3.11
महतः परमव्यक्तमव्यक्तात्पुरुषः परः ।
पुरुषान्न परं किंचित्सा सा परा गतिः ॥ १.३.११ ॥
Beyond the great is the unmanifest; beyond the unmanifest is the person (puruṣa). Nothing is higher than the person; that is the highest goal.
Kaṭha 1.3.12
एष सर्वेषु भूतेषु गूढोऽऽत्मा न प्रकाशते ।
दृश्यते त्वग्र्यया बुद्ध्या सूक्ष्मया सूक्ष्मदर्शिभिः ॥ १.३.१२ ॥
This self is hidden in all beings and does not shine forth; yet it is seen by those who see subtly, through a keen and subtle intellect.
Kaṭha 1.3.13
यच्छेद्वाङ्मनसी प्राज्ञस्तद्यच्छेज्ज्ञान आत्मनि ।
ज्ञानमात्मनि महति नियच्छेत्तद्यच्छेच्छान्त आत्मनि ॥ १.३.१३ ॥
The wise one should restrain speech and mind in knowledge; he should restrain knowledge in the great self; and he should restrain that in the calm self.
Kaṭha 1.3.14
उत्तिष्ठत जाग्रत
प्राप्य वरान्निबोधत ।
क्षुरस्य धारा निशिता दुरत्यया
दुर्गं पथस्तत्कवयो वदन्ति ॥ १.३.१४ ॥
Arise, awake! Having reached the excellent teachers, understand. The sages say that path is like the sharp edge of a razor — hard to cross, difficult to traverse.
Kaṭha 1.3.15
अशब्दमस्पर्शमरूपमव्ययं
तथाऽरसं नित्यमगन्धवच्च यत् ।
अनाद्यनन्तं महतः परं ध्रुवं
निचाय्य तन्मृत्युमुखात् प्रमुच्यते ॥ १.३.१५ ॥
That which is without sound, without touch, without form, imperishable, likewise without taste, eternal, and without smell; which is without beginning or end, higher than the great, and fixed — having discerned it, one is freed from the mouth of death.
Kaṭha 1.3.16
नाचिकेतमुपाख्यानं मृत्युप्रोक्तँ सनातनम् ।
उक्त्वा श्रुत्वा च मेधावी ब्रह्मलोके महीयते ॥ १.३.१६ ॥
Having recounted and heard this ancient narrative of Naciketas, told by Death, the wise one is glorified in the world of Brahman.
Kaṭha 1.3.17
य इमं परमं गुह्यं श्रावयेद् ब्रह्मसंसदि ।
प्रयतः श्राद्धकाले वा तदानन्त्याय कल्पते ।
तदानन्त्याय कल्पत इति ॥ १.३.१७ ॥
Whoever recites this supreme secret in an assembly of the learned, or with self-control at the time of a shraddha rite, becomes fit for infinite (merit); he becomes fit for infinity — thus it is said.