Upaniṣads · Kaṭha 2.3
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Kaṭha 2.3.1
ऊर्ध्वमूलोऽवाक्शाख एषोऽश्वत्थः सनातनः ।
तदेव शुक्रं तद्ब्रह्म तदेवामृतमुच्यते ।
तस्मिँल्लोकाः श्रिताः सर्वे तदु नात्येति कश्चन ।
एतद्वै तत् ॥ २.३.१ ॥
This eternal fig tree has its roots above and its branches below. That is the bright one, that is brahman, that is called the immortal. In it all worlds rest; no one goes beyond it. This indeed is that.
Kaṭha 2.3.2
यदिदं किं च जगत् सर्वं प्राण एजति निःसृतम् ।
महद्भयं वज्रमुद्यतं य एतद्विदुरमृतास्ते भवन्ति ॥ २.३.२ ॥
Whatever exists in this world, all of it, emerged from breath and moves by it. It is a great fear, like a raised thunderbolt. Those who know this become immortal.
Kaṭha 2.3.3
भयादस्याग्निस्तपति भयात्तपति सूर्यः ।
भयादिन्द्रश्च वायुश्च मृत्युर्धावति पञ्चमः ॥ २.३.३ ॥
From fear of him fire burns; from fear the sun gives heat. From fear Indra and Vāyu, and death as the fifth, run on.
Kaṭha 2.3.4
इह चेदशकद्बोद्धुं प्राक्षरीरस्य विस्रसः ।
ततः सर्गेषु लोकेषु शरीरत्वाय कल्पते ॥ २.३.४ ॥
If one is able to understand this here, before the release from the body, then one is fit not to be embodied again in the creations and worlds.
Kaṭha 2.3.5
यथाऽऽदर्शे तथाऽऽत्मनि यथा स्वप्ने तथा पितृलोके ।
यथाऽप्सु परीव ददृशे तथा गन्धर्वलोके
छायातपयोरिव ब्रह्मलोके ॥ २.३.५ ॥
As in a mirror, so in the ātman; as in a dream, so in the world of the fathers; as a reflection is seen in water, so in the world of the gandharvas; and like shade and light, so in the world of Brahmā.
Kaṭha 2.3.6
इन्द्रियाणां पृथग्भावमुदयास्तमयौ च यत् ।
पृथगुत्पद्यमानानां मत्वा धीरो न शोचति ॥ २.३.६ ॥
Having understood the separate nature of the senses, their rising and setting, and that they arise separately, the steady one does not grieve.
Kaṭha 2.3.7
इन्द्रियेभ्यः परं मनो मनसः सत्त्वमुत्तमम् ।
सत्त्वादधि महानात्मा महतोऽव्यक्तमुत्तमम् ॥ २.३.७ ॥
Beyond the senses is the mind; beyond the mind is the higher sattva (intellect); beyond sattva is the great ātman; and beyond the great is the highest unmanifest.
Kaṭha 2.3.8
अव्यक्तात्तु परः पुरुषो व्यापकोऽलिङ्ग एव च ।
यं ज्ञात्वा मुच्यते जन्तुरमृतत्वं च गच्छति ॥ २.३.८ ॥
Higher even than the unmanifest is the Puruṣa, all-pervading and without any mark. Knowing him, the living being is freed and attains immortality.
Kaṭha 2.3.9
न संदृशे तिष्ठति रूपमस्य
न चक्षुषा पश्यति कश्चनैनम् ।
हृदा मनीषा मनसाऽभिक्लृप्तो
य एतद्विदुरमृतास्ते भवन्ति ॥ २.३.९ ॥
His form does not stand within the range of sight; no one sees him with the eye. Realized by the heart, by discernment, by the mind, those who know this become immortal.
Kaṭha 2.3.10
यदा पञ्चावतिष्ठन्ते ज्ञानानि मनसा सह ।
बुद्धिश्च न विचेष्टते तामाहुः परमां गतिम् ॥ २.३.१० ॥
When the five faculties of knowledge stand still together with the mind, and the intellect no longer stirs, that they call the highest state.
Kaṭha 2.3.11
तां योगमिति मन्यन्ते स्थिरामिन्द्रियधारणाम् ।
अप्रमत्तस्तदा भवति योगो हि प्रभवाप्ययौ ॥ २.३.११ ॥
That steady restraint of the senses they regard as yoga. Then one becomes vigilant, for yoga indeed is the origin and the dissolution.
Kaṭha 2.3.12
नैव वाचा न मनसा प्राप्तुं शक्यो न चक्षुषा ।
अस्तीति ब्रुवतोऽन्यत्र कथं तदुपलभ्यते ॥ २.३.१२ ॥
He cannot be reached by speech, nor by mind, nor by the eye. How can he be apprehended by anyone other than one who says, "He is"?
Kaṭha 2.3.13
अस्तीत्येवोपलब्धव्यस्तत्त्वभावेन चोभयोः ।
अस्तीत्येवोपलब्धस्य तत्त्वभावः प्रसीदति ॥ २.३.१३ ॥
He must be apprehended as "He is", and in both ways, through his true nature. For him who has apprehended him as "He is", his true nature becomes clear.
Kaṭha 2.3.14
यदा सर्वे प्रमुच्यन्ते कामा येऽस्य हृदि श्रिताः ।
अथ मर्त्योऽमृतो भवत्यत्र ब्रह्म समश्नुते ॥ २.३.१४ ॥
When all the desires that dwell in his heart are released, then the mortal becomes immortal and attains brahman here.
Kaṭha 2.3.15
यथा सर्वे प्रभिद्यन्ते हृदयस्येह ग्रन्थयः ।
अथ मर्त्योऽमृतो भवत्येतावद्ध्यनुशासनम् ॥ २.३.१५ ॥
Just as all the knots of the heart are broken open here, so the mortal becomes immortal. This is the whole teaching.
Kaṭha 2.3.16
शतं चैका च हृदयस्य नाड्य-
स्तासां मूर्धानमभिनिःसृतैका ।
तयोर्ध्वमायन्नमृतत्वमेति
विष्वङ्ङन्या उत्क्रमणे भवन्ति ॥ २.३.१६ ॥
There are a hundred and one channels of the heart; one of them rises up to the crown of the head. Going upward by that one, one attains immortality. The others, at the time of departure, scatter in all directions.
Kaṭha 2.3.17
अङ्गुष्ठमात्रः पुरुषोऽन्तरात्मा
सदा जनानां हृदये संनिविष्टः ।
तं स्वाच्छरीरात्प्रवृहेन्मुञ्जादिवेषीकां धैर्येण ।
तं विद्याच्छुक्रममृतं तं विद्याच्छुक्रममृतमिति ॥ २.३.१७ ॥
The person the size of a thumb, the inner self, always seated in the hearts of people: one should draw him out of one's own body with steadiness, as one draws a stalk from the muñja grass. One should know him as pure and immortal; one should know him as pure and immortal.
Kaṭha 2.3.18
मृत्युप्रोक्तां नचिकेतोऽथ लब्ध्वा
विद्यामेतां योगविधिं च कृत्स्नम् ।
ब्रह्मप्राप्तो विरजोऽभूद्विमृत्यु-
रन्योऽप्येवं यो विदध्यात्ममेव ॥ २.३.१८ ॥
Naciketas, having obtained this knowledge taught by Death, and the complete method of yoga, attained brahman; he became free from passion and free from death. In the same way, another too who knows the self in this manner will become so.